Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Exogenous and endogenous functions of mining towns of the Silesian voivodeship, Poland

100%

Heder A.

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nr 2

43-54

EN

Towns are of particular interest to geography which examines them in various objective and theoretical aspects. The concept of function is associated with the role which a particular town plays in the area, and this function is the entirety of socio-economic activity carried out in the town. The concept of the economic base of towns, which is used in this paper, distinguishes two groups of town inhabitants, namely such whose work directly contributes to the development of the town, the so-called primary builders (exogenous), and secondary builders (endogenous) who support the first group. This article presents the results of the study of changes in the function of 30 towns in the Silesian voivodeship in which coal mining is still carried out or has ended (18 mining towns and 12 post-mining towns). These towns have different sizes: small ones (up to 20,000 inhabitants; n=6), medium (20 to 100 thousand inhabitants; n=15), and large (with population of over 100,000 inhabitants; n=9). The study was conducted with the use of the indirect measurement of economic base method based on the location ratio, but in a modified form - i.e. the employee surplus rate. The analysis of functional changes in the mining towns of the Silesian voivodeship was performed in five aspects, in relation to: 1) the opening of the economy indicator, with the use of data concerning employment in the exogenous and endogenous group; 2) the employee surplus rate, determining the functional type of towns according to the dominant PKD [Polish Classification of Business Activities] section on the basis of the exogenous group; 3) the structure of exogenous functions of towns; 4) change of the exogenous function of towns; 5) the employee surplus rate, determining the share of section C (mining) in the exogenous function of towns. The analysis showed that in the period of 1996-2009 there has been a change in the functional type, from industrial to service type, in 8 towns; however, mining is still the primary branch of business activity in 11 towns studied, especially in small ones. Today, many service-based towns specialise in trade (n=7), and a small group of towns specialises in non-market services (n=4), which shows that the process of changes in this respect is still ongoing and the towns studied cannot be regarded as towns having a substantial share of higher-order services.

2

Demographic and functional potential of the Novosibirsk urban region in Russian Federation. A case study of transformations using the directional profile method

100%

Tobiasz-Lis P. , Wójcik M.

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nr 320

EN

The research presented in this article focuses on the urban region of Novosibirsk, which is one of the most industrialized part of Siberia and the Asian part of Russian Federation. To show relationships between the city as the core of the region and its peripheral area a case study analysing territorial units within the southern settlement belt along the Novosibirsk–Cherepanovo regional railway line over a distance of approx. 100 km. This belt was chosen because of the continuity of the settlement and due to the presence of different functional types of edge towns. The adopted system, from the core to the area of weakening direct links to Novosibirsk, helped to define the directional profile of the urban region as relating to the demographic and economic characteristics. The research was based on two methods of determining the functions of cities in the national settlement system: a research programme concerning the genesis of functional development and a research programme of specialised functions, the purpose of which is to determine the economic base (exogenous functions) of territorial units. The presented results have shown general tendencies in the transformations of the Novosibirsk urban region’s spatial structure, both in long-term perspective (the generic view of function development) and under contemporary circumstances related to the economic transformation of Russia.

3

Localization analysis and its place in regional economic base evaluation

75%

Gecikova I.

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nr 2

65-72

EN

Regional development is determined by regional growth factors, their ability of exploitation. Economic base created by different industries is an important developing factor. Their combinations predetermine region's economic orientation and create assumptions for its future development. The article shows economic base of Slovak regions and on the bases of localization analysis explains disparities of different economic development of individual territory units. Localization analysis belongs to the classic technics of space analysis, which through partial technics (e.g. localization coefficient, specialization coefficient, Lorenz curve) describes the relations between industries and the number of inhabitants.

PL

Rozwój regionalny uwarunkowany jest regionalnymi czynnikami wzrostu oraz zdolnością ich wykorzystania. Baza ekonomiczna tworzona przez różne gałęzie przemysłu jest ważnym czynnikiem rozwoju. Ich kombinacje decydują o gospodarczej orientacji regionu i stanowią założenia przyszłego rozwoju. Artykuł przedstawia bazę ekonomiczną regionów Słowacji i na podstawie analizy lokalizacji wyjaśnia dysproporcje w rozwoju gospodarczym poszczególnych jednostek terytorialnych. Analiza lokalizacji należy do klasycznych technik analizy przestrzennej, która posługując się technikami częściowymi (np. współczynnikiem lokalizacji, współczynnikiem specjalizacji, krzywą Lorenza) opisuje relacje pomiędzy uprzemysłowieniem a liczbą mieszkańców.

4

Przobrażenia funkcjonalno-przestrzenne miast tradycyjnego regionu społeczno-ekonomicznego - wymiar teoretyczny

63%

Runge J.

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2018

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tom 32

22-33

PL

Pierwszym celem badania jest określenie aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat funkcjonalno- -przestrzennych przekształceń złożonych systemów osadniczych, przede wszystkim w tradycyjnym regionie społeczno-gospodarczym. Drugim jest zaproponowanie kilku modeli (cyrkulacyjnego ujęcia przemian gospodarczych oraz urbanizacyjnych). Punktem wyjścia dla badań autora jest próba modelu pochodzenia i ewolucji bazy ekonomicznej jako kluczowego elementu zmiany w przestrzeni społeczno-gospodarczej. Zmiany gospodarcze i urbanizacja są komplementarne, odzwierciedlają zarówno dośrodkowe, jak i odśrodkowe siły warunkujące transformację całego systemu osadniczego.

EN

The first goal of the study is to outline the current state of knowledge on functional-spatial transformations of complex settlement systems, especially those existing in traditional socio-economic regions. The second task is to propose a few model approaches (circular models of economic transformations and urbanization). The author’s starting point is an attempt to model the origin and evolution of the economic base as a crucial element of the remaining changes in the socio-economic space. A model of economic changes and urbanization are complementary to each other, reflecting both the centripetal and centrifugal forces conditioning transformation of the entire settlement system.

5

Economic base development in rural regions in the Slovak Republic

51%

Gecikova I. , Balazova E. , Papcunova V.

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tom 52