Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Links between Land Use Change, Land Surface Temperature and Partridge Distribution – An Analysis of Environmental Factors

100%

El Fallah K. , Ouhakki H. , Adiba A. , El Kharrim K. , Belghyti D.

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 1

260--275

EN

The purpose of this research was to investigate the intricate connections among land use change, land surface temperature, and the distribution of partridges (Alectoris barbara), employing a comprehensive analysis of various environmental factors. Indeed, a variety of geospatial techniques have been used to analyze the spatio-temporal trends in temperature as a function of different classes of vegetation cover, and the geographic distribution of ecological niches for this species in Meknes province was modeled using Maxent 3.2 (Maximum Entropy) software. The study spanned a 22-year timeframe, from 2000 to 2021, during which alterations in each land use category were identified through the utilization of various sensors, incorporating Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS in the analysis. The results induced a significant change in the land surface temperature (LST) with a range of 15.85–36.20°C, 12.76–38.24°C and 25.73–47.79°C for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020, respectively. However, this change was negatively correlated with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This decline in vegetation, in turn, manifests as a significant factor contributing to the diminution of partridge distribution. By empirically establishing these connections, the research not only underscores the impact of temperature-induced vegetation changes on partridge habitat but also enhances comprehension of the intricate ecological dynamics governing species distribution in the context of evolving land use patterns.

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Simulation of Favorable Habitats for Non-Gregarious Locust Pests in North Kazakhstan Based on Satellite Data for Preventive Measures

100%

Baibussenov K. , Bekbayeva A. , Azhbenov V.

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tom Vol. 23, nr 7

299--311

EN

The paper considers the approaches and possibilities of using two types of simulation: the species distribution model and the ecological niche model. The study aimed to simulate favorable habitats and the potential spread of non-gregarious locust pests in North Kazakhstan based on satellite and ground data for preventive measures. The MaxEnt software was used to conduct the simulation. According to the species distribution model, high indicators of the habitat are predicted in the Pavlodar and Kostanay regions, on 69.9–100% of the studied territory. With the simulation of ecological niches for non-gregarious locust pests, the following class boundaries were determined for the transition from quantitative to qualitative indicators from I (85–100%) to IV (0–50%), which indicates the zones of the probability of pest attack from a higher indicator to a lower one. According to the fundamental model, high indicators of the area of pest occurrence, that is, zones I and II, are located in the central and northern parts of the Pavlodar region. Here, the probability of non-gregarious locust occurrence of zone I and II with a ratio of 1:1 is observed in a slightly arid, moderately warm agro-climatic zone. In the southern part of the Kostanay region, the simulation predicts the probability of occurrence on zones I and II with a ratio of 1:2 in the moderately arid warm agro-climatic zone of this region. In the southern and southeastern parts of the Akmola region, the model predicts the probability of occurrence in zones I and II with a ratio of 1:3 in a slightly humid, moderately warm agro-climatic zone of the region. The considered species distribution model can be used as a modern tool for long-term forecasting of the spread of non-gregarious locust pests since it takes into account the peculiarities of the agricultural landscape. The fundamental niche model can be used in a long-term population forecast since it focuses more on the theoretical conditions of pest habitats.

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The Therapeutic Role of the Monastic Environment for Individuals with ASC: The Case of Hildegard of Bingen and her Lingua Ignota

86%

Nešić J. , Subotić V. , Nurkić P.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2024

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tom 8

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nr 2

7-26

EN

The aim of this paper is to show how a monastic environment can be regarded as providing shelter for individuals with autism spectrum condition in the Middle Ages. By drawing on the recent literature in the history of medicine that traces the signs and symptoms of ASC in Hildegard of Bingen, a Benedictine abbess from the twelfth century, we will turn to her invented language Lingua Ignota as a source of justification for her diagnosis and as one manner in which she managed her neurodivergence. We invoke contemporary embodied and ecological approaches to cognition and its impairments in order to understand how the medieval monastic socio-material niche could have played a crucial role in the inclusion of individuals with ASC, and as providing a therapeutic environment.

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Habitat suitability, corridors and dispersal barriers for large carnivores in Poland

72%

Huck M. , Jedrzejewski W. , Borowik T. , Milosz-Cielma M. , Schmidt K. , Jedrzejewska B. , Nowak S. , Myslajek R. W.

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tom 55

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nr 2

177-192

EN

Carnivores are often particularly sensitive to landscape fragmentation. Ecological corridors may help to connect local populations, ensuring gene flow and retaining viable meta-populations. We aimed to establish habitat suitability models for two large carnivores in Poland, the grey wolf Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 and the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx Linnaeus, 1758, based on ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA). Secondly, we calculated least cost paths (LCPs) based on cost values obtained from ENFA. Thirdly, we determined structures that might act as barriers, thus diminishing the value of the corridor unless appropriate conservation measures are taken. We compared some of the results with actual dispersal data of four lynx in eastern Poland. Results indicate that both species are highly marginalised. Less habitat that is currently available in Poland is suitable for lynx than for wolves. We determined a total of 76 LCPs. Comparison of these theoretical corridors with actual dispersal routes suggests that the traits of calculated LCPs are mostly within the range of those of real routes. We highlight a variety of features that might act as barriers, such as major roads (including planned highways), urbanized areas, and large un-forested areas. We give suggestions where concerted conservation efforts (eg wildlife passages) might be particularly well-directed.

5

Ecological niche of Dreissena polymorpha [Pall.] aggregations in the heated Konin Lakes System

58%

Sinicyna O. O. , Protasov A. A. , Zdanowski B. , Kraszewski A.

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nr 1

EN

The zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (Pall.) inhabits various live and dead substrates of the lotic and lentic zones of the heated Konin lakes. Occurring at depths from 20 cm to 3.5 m, this species showed a preference for Unionidae mussels as a substrate. Aggregations of D. polymorpha varied in number from 2 000 to 2 million individuals per m², while the biomass reached more than 12 kg m⁻² . The most numerous were one year old mussels 5 mm in length, which comprised from 60 - 80% of the population. In the preliminary cooling reservoir, newly settled post-veligers comprised as much as 94% of the total of D. polymorpha numbers. The largest mussels did not exceed 35 mm. Aggregations of D. polymorpha contained 49 invertebrate taxa, and the most frequently occurring subdominants were from the Corophidae and Gammaridae families. The diel destruction of organic matter in the aggregations varied between 20 and 370 kJ m⁻² , depending on the number of animals and their biomass. The turnover coefficient (R/B) in the heated zones was 1.5 times higher, on average, than in the non-heated parts of the system.

PL

Dreissena polymorpha występowała w systemie jezior konińskich w szerokim spektrum warunków środowiskowych zarówno termicznych, jak i siedliskowych (tab. 1, rys. 1). Występując na głębokościach od 20 cm do 3,5 m zasiedlała rozmaite substraty (kamienie, drewno, beton) i żywe małże (Unionidae). Liczebność D. polymorpha w skupiskach wahała się 2 tysięcy do ponad 2 milionów osob. m⁻², a biomasa od 99 g m⁻² do ponad 12 kg m⁻² (tab. 2). Struktura wymiarowa wykazała, że najliczniejsze (60 - 80% populacji) były tegoroczne małże do 5 mm długości. Osobniki o wymiarach powyżej 25 mm spotykano sporadycznie. Odnotowano 49 taksonów bezkręgowców zasiedlających muszle D. polymorpha, z których najczęstszymi subdominantami były Corophidae i Gammaridae. Poziom destrukcji w skupiskach D. polymorpha zmieniał się od 18,5 do 366 kJ m⁻² d⁻¹ (rys. 3). Współczynnik (R/B) na podgrzanych stanowiskach systemu jezior konińskich był średnio 1,5 raza wyższy w porównaniu ze stanowiskiem nie podgrzewanym.