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EN
There exists an inadequate research on the propagation and nutrient needs of most tropical tree species. Hence, this work involves the developmental impact of soil amendments on the early growth of Streculia setigera Del. in the nursery. Different soil amendments; poultry waste (F1), goat manure (F2), cow manure (F3) and the control, normal soil (F4) were applied to several viable seeds of Streculia setigera in the nursery. The seeds were subjected to the same routine nursery practices. The experiment was laid in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and lasted for ninety (90) days. Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were used in the data analysis. The findings revealed that the entire growth response of Streculia setigera seedlings were only sparely affected by the soil amendments (P<0.05). F3 was found to be the most preferred soil amendment for this species, followed by F2 and F4 consecutively. The result obtained from F1 was very poor and thus it is not ideal for this species.
EN
Breeding scientists have given extensive attention to triploids in trees because of their importance to forestry. Consequently, creating and breeding triploids of good quality has become one of purposes of tree breeding. We chose two autotetraploids (Betula platyphylla, named Q10 and Q65) as female parents and eight hybrid diploids (B. platyphylla × B. pendula, named F1 – F8) as male parents to obtain progenies through controllable pollination, resulting in triploid progenies. Germination rate and germination energy of triploid seeds of Q65 were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in triploid seed s of Q10. Triploid families with Q65 as female parent had a large quantity of saplings, whereas triploid families with Q10 as female parent had a small quantity of saplings. Triploid families with Q65 as female parent were generally superior in base diameter and height to base diameter ratio when compared to a diploid family. Q65×F3 was preliminarily recognized as the superior family. These results demonstrate that the female parent has a major influence on triploid progenies, although the male parent also has a small influence. The results provided a reference to build seed orchards of triploid birch trees, choose tetraploids as female parents and forecast triploid families of good quality.
EN
The experiment was carried out according to additive design to study shoot and root competition between spring triticale and field bean during early stages of plant growth. It was conducted in plastic boxes 76 cm long, 15 cm wide and 15 cm deep, filled with 16 kg of aerial dry alluvial sandy loam soil, containing 15-20% of silt. The soil was classified as good rye agricultural suitability complex. Appropriate arrangement of boxes and aboveground aluminium foil partitions allowed separating four competition treatments: no competition, shoot, root and shoot + root competition. The results of the experiment showed that at the beginning of species interaction in triticale-field bean intercrop system, root competition is more intense than shoot competition. Triticale outcompeted field bean when crops interacted with their roots, but when only shoots competed, field bean tended to be the dominant species. The study presented did not show definitely that cereal is better competitor than legume during early stages of plant growth.
PL
Doświadczenie przeprowadzono w celu zbadania konkurencji między częściami nadziemnymi a podziemnymi roślin pszenżyta jarego i bobiku we wczesnym okresie wegetacji. Założono je w plastikowych skrzynkach o długości 76, szerokości 15 i głębokości 15 cm, wypełnionych glebą lekką, którą stanowiła mada rzeczna właściwa lekka, zawierająca 15-20% części spławialnych, należąca do kompleksu żytniego dobrego. Odpowiednie ustawienie skrzynek oraz zastosowanie nadziemnych ekranów z folii aluminiowej pozwoliło na wydzielenie czterech obiektów: bez konkurencji, z konkurencją pędową, korzeniową oraz pędową i korzeniową łącznie. Jak wykazały badania, na początku oddziaływań międzygatunkowych w mieszance pszenżyta z bobikiem konkurencja między systemami korzeniowymi była bardziej intensywna niż między pędami. Pszenżyto było bardziej konkurencyjne od bobiku, gdy gatunki konkurowały korzeniami, natomiast gdy konkurowały pędami, obserwowano tendencję do dominacji bobiku. Badania nie wykazały jednoznacznie, że pszenżyto ma większe zdolności konkurencyjne niż bobik we wczesnej fazie wzrostu.
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