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Content available remote Autonomia kompozycyjna Dębnik w strukturze urbanistycznej Krakowa
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EN
Located on the right side od the Wisła river opposite the Wawel castle Dębniki district composesits immediate and important vicinity. Closed- circle atmosphere, small scale, imaginitive and picturesque architecture, peace and quiet, ormanented villas bathed in vegetation are the greatest merits of such enclaves. Owing to a number coincidences they preserved its former urban structure and architectural scenery creating a refuge for the long- lost landscape, way of life as well as its urban customs and folklore. The old part of Dębniki having undoubtedly conspicuous urban complex characteristics create a specific autonomous enclave with its special climate and atmosphere Krakow would be impoverished and incomplete without. The district's area due to its historical context, picturesque location as well as numerous negligence and bad technical condition of the buildings might create on opportunity for the architects to display their talents.
EN
There is a number of ways to create a "town in the city." It may emerge, for example, as a result of preserving some specificity by an independent urban unit after it has lost its independence and become part of a greater one. Cracow was granted the Charter in 1257. Then it was the capital of Poland, nowadays it is the third biggest city in the country. From the 13th to the 20th century, eight neighbouring towns of different size and importance originated and grew more or less successfully next to Cracow to be eventually incorporated into the city. The author discusses mostly the epilogues of their stories, which took place after they had become the districts of Cracow. Three districts can be now recognized as "towns in the city": 14th-century Kazimierz, 18th-century Podgorze and 20th-century Nowa Huta, which were joined with Cracow in 1800, 1915 and 1951, respectively. Each of them was created in a sort of particular opposition against Cracow, however those reasons have already lost all significance. Before the unifications, those towns had full municipal rights, being already well-developed areas of considerable population, economy, and urban form. Still recognizable for their unique features and values, such as local traditions and attitude, particular functions and architecture, those three "towns in the city" have recently enjoyed increasing interest and attractiveness.
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Content available remote Rejony w przestrzeni miasta, przykład Krakowa
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EN
It is on an urban district as a town unit, which being an independent and selfsufficient, three-dimensional and functional complex deserves to be named a city within the city. The article also poses questions about possible discriminants of a district as an element of townscape composition and town structure. These discriminants are as follows: form, function, constructional elements, society and perceptive possibility. In order to illustrate the examples of Cracow districts are used.
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