Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Strategie tłumaczy wobec zjawiska obcości kulturowej w przekładach dwudziestowiecznej prozy nowogreckiej na język polski

100%

Jędraszak N.

Slavia Meridionalis

|

2015

|

tom 15

EN

Translation strategies in the face of cultural specificity of the 20th century Modern Greek prose translated into PolishAccording to Werner Koller, there are two main types of translations of texts which are connected to literature and culture. These types are adaptation and transfer. Adaptation is a result of using a translation strategy called domestication which consists in removing from the text all the elements which may seem odd or strange to the target reader and replacing them by some well-known units of the target culture. Transfer is a result of using a strategy called foreignization, that is of introducing to the target text some units characteristic of the source culture which may raise connotations of strangeness and foreignness. The choice of the strategy lies with the translator and depends on his vision of the target reader. The aim of this paper is to analyze translations of three Modern Greek novels into Polish with special attention paid to solutions chosen by the translators in the face of two main translation problems which are results of cultural specificity of the text: lexical problems and allusions to some historical, cultural and social facts as well as to the information these solutions provide on the translators’ vision of the target reader. Strategie tłumaczy wobec zjawiska obcości kulturowej w przekładach dwudziestowiecznej prozy nowogreckiej na język polskiWerner Koller wyróżnia dwa główne rodzaje przekładu tekstów związanych z literaturą i kulturą: adaptację oraz transfer. Adaptacja jest wynikiem użycia strategii tłumaczeniowej zwanej udomowieniem, która polega na usunięciu z tekstu elementów, które czytelnikowi docelowemu mogłyby wydać się obce i zastąpieniu ich dobrze znanymi mu elementami kultury docelowej. Transfer natomiast polega na zastosowaniu strategii zwanej egzotyzacją, tj. wprowadzeniu do tekstu docelowego elementów charakterystycznych dla kultury źródłowej, które mogą u odbiorcy tłumaczenia wywoływać poczucie obcości. Wybór pomiędzy tymi strategiami zależy od tłumacza oraz jego wizji czytelnika docelowego. Przedmiotem tego artykułu jest analiza przekładów trzech wybranych powieści nowogreckich na język polski, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem rozwiązań zastosowanych przez tłumaczy w obliczu dwóch głównych problemów tłumaczeniowych, które wynikają z kulturowej specyfiki tekstu: problemów leksykalnych oraz odniesień do wydarzeń historycznych i faktów społecznych, jak również wiedzy, którą te rozwiązania dostarczają nam na temat wyobrażeń tłumaczy o czytelnikach docelowych przekładanych tekstów.

2

Translation of Military Register in the Polish Subtitles of American War Movies

88%

Pirus J.

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tom 2

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nr 2

52-81

EN

The paper allows a closer look at the problems with translation of military register from English to Polish. The examples taken from four movies depicting the Battle of Mogadishu, Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom served as a research material to establish which strategy – foreignization or domestication – is more often employed and which gives better results. The discrepancies between Polish and American military register make the task challenging and pose many interesting research questions not only in the fi eld of translation studies but also in cultural and rhetorical studies.

3

Botanical Survey of Home Gardens with Moringa oleifera Lam; Popularity, Usage, and Domestication in Ibadan, South Western Nigeria

88%

Ogunsola O. K. , Egbewale S. O.

World News of Natural Sciences

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2018

|

tom 17

63-74

EN

Moringa oleifera (MO) Lam. is a medicinal plant that has crossed tribal, provincial and national boundaries in recent times, with its use and domestication cutting across different ethnic and geographical borders of the world in general and Nigeria in particular. In view of this observation, this present study was aimed at examining the contributing factors to the high diversity of this much prized economic and medicinal species in Nigerian gardens. The survey was conducted among 17 populations, from which a total of One Hundred and Four respondents were purposively drawn from the wards that make-up the Ibadan North Local Government Area of Oyo State. The purposive technique allowed at least 6 individual respondents to be randomly selected from each ward, based on their interest in home gardening, and their attached importance, domestication and accessibility to MO. The approach thus provided the opportunity to obtain an understanding of its medicinal importance, side effects and possible need for conservation. The respondents, who are of different backgrounds, were interviewed using semi-structured questions. Data collected were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using descriptive statistics. The results of the study revealed that 50% of the respondents were home gardeners, while 40% are without gardens, although 80% showed the desire to own same. Also, 80% believed home gardens should provide food (Vegetables, spices and fruits etc.) and herbs (health-care). Over 95% of respondents claimed to have information about or cultivated Moringa, and 89% of them agreed to the important roles of agencies, as well as the media (radio, newspapers, etc.) in the dissemination of relevant information about this species. Moreover, close to 90% also have access to the plant from different sources: own garden (25%), friends’ or neighbors’ garden (44.2%) or market (13.5%), while 13.5% patronize all these sources. The part(s) mostly used are leaves & flowers (52.9%), followed by all parts (21.2%) and pods (seeds) (19%), while stem and bark are least employed (1.9%). In addition, a majority of respondents claimed that Moringa has solved some of their health concerns (64%) and thus, recommended it to someone or vice-versa (80%) with 65% claiming, no side effects. Consequently, many widely endorsed the conservation of MO and other MAPs (80%), with over 60% alluding to individuals, and government as major players in this responsibility. We conclude, therefore, that gardens, particularly home-based, play a valuable role in the conservation of not only the plant emphasized in this study, but many other useful plant species, most especially medicinals, that have become the cornerstone of health delivery in most developing nations. This study, therefore strongly recommends the strengthening of this strategy.

4

Zwierzęta pozaludzkie jako podmioty polityki Koncepcja zoopolis i jej krytyka

88%

Gzyra D.

Zoophilologica. Polish Journal of Animal Studies

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2016

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nr 2

253-262

EN

The interests of nonhuman animals within political philosophy have been and are still overlooked and underestimated. Recognition by modern science, and – increasingly – ethics, of the subjectivity and vulnerability of many animals does not extend to recognizing them as anything more than a secondary object of politics. In recent years, however, new concepts have emerged emphasizing the subjectivity and political agency of nonhuman animals. One of them is the concept of zoopolis by Sue Donaldson and Will Kymlicka. It postulates the use of political and legal categories that previously defined only men: citizenship, denizenship and sovereignty. Through citing earlier attempts at politicization of the animal detriment issue, the article presents the major hypothesis of the zoopolis concept and discusses some examples of its previous criticism.

5

KONTRASTIVE BEHANDLUNG DES SPRACHLICHEN HUMORS: DEUTSCH-ENGLISCH-RUMÄNISCH

88%

Măciucă G.

Concordia Discors vs Discordia Concors: Researches into Comparative Literature, Contrastive Linguistics, Cross-Cultural and Translation Strategies

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2009

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tom 1

100-113

EN

In an attempt to approach language humour contrastively, the present contribution investigates three German specimens of linguicomedy in terms of humour-generating devices and subsequently submits to the reader various strategies for translating them into English and Romanian, with ample glosses on the difficulties encountered in the process.

6

Egzotyzacja i domestykacja w polskim tłumaczeniu powieści „Harry Potter i Kamień Filozoficzny” J. K. Rowling

88%

Maras M.

Forum Filologiczne Ateneum

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2018

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tom 6

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nr 1

87-99

EN

The aim of the paper is to answer the question what was the Andrzej Polkowski’s intent of using domestication and foreignisation strategies in indigenous Harry Potter series translation. Selected fragments of the novel are referring to the widely understood ‘food’ category and are compared in terms of language and culture. It is known that the Polish translator extends (but does he always domesticate?) the world presented in the novel to the reader’s country. However, it is really ambigious, how these extensions affect the interpretation of Polish recipient.

7

Analysis of Plankton as Food for Lempuk Fish (Gobiopterus spp.) from Ranu Grati, Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia, as Information for Domestication Efforts

88%

Hertika A. M. S. , Musa M. , Farikhah , Putra R. B. D. S. , Afendy S. , Khasanah A. , Fitrianesia F. , Alfarisi M. A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2024

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tom Vol. 25, iss. 1

190--202

EN

The Lempuk fish (Gobiopterus spp.) is a kind of fish that is exclusively found and inhabits the Ranu Grati area in Pasuruan Regency. The Lempuk fish is a prominent tourist attraction and is frequently targeted for fishing due to its significant economic significance. This leads to excessive exploitation, resulting in population decline and posing a threat to its sustainability. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the abundance and type of plankton, as well as its relationship with the study of stomach contents, to gather supporting data for future domestication efforts. The sampling was conducted three times, with a two-week gap, at five distinct sites. The research employed a quantitative-descriptive approach and the sampling a purposive sample technique. The research findings revealed the presence of four distinct classes with 20 different species in the phytoplankton community, as well as four distinct classes with 12 genera in the zooplankton community. The study of stomach conten this fish shows, primary diet of this fish, as shown by their propenderence index, consists of phytoplankton from the Asterionella species and zooplankton from the Daphnia genus.

8

DOMESTICATING AND MODERNIZING HEART OF DARKNESS

88%

Kujawska-Lis E.

Acta Neophilologica

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2013

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tom XV/1

61-80

EN

The present paper seeks to analyse the development of the translation series of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness with emphasis on domesticating and modernising tendencies. To this end, two translations into Polish are compared: Aniela Zagórska’s version published in 1930 and Ireneusz Socha’s modern translation of 2004. Various levels at which domesticating and modernising tendencies can be noticed are considered. It seems that, contrary to current tendencies to foreignize translated texts, the modern version of Heart of Darkness, at least at the linguistic level, may be labelled as the domesticated one in comparison with the earlier translation. Generally, Zagórska tries to reproduce Conrad’s wording in Polish; whereas Socha’s aim, or skopos, seems to be creating the text that reads naturally. The paper shows in what ways the translators’ choices of particular translating strategies and procedures accentuate the deforming tendencies, as defined by Antoine Berman.

9

Response to spatial and nonspatial change in wild (WWCPS) and Wistar rats

88%

Stryjek R. , Modlińska K. , Pisula W.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2012

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tom 43

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nr 2

124-131

EN

The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the effects of domestication on exploration in rats. The comparison was made between wild Warsaw-Wild-Captive-Pisula-Stryjek (WWCPS) rats and Wistar laboratory rats. The study used a purpose-built maze divided into zones connected with a corridor. Objects were placed in two out of four zones. Their location and shape were subject to experimental manipulation. Transporter used to move rats to the maze provided the opportunity for spontaneous exploration of the experimental arena. Rats were subjected to a series of 10 sessions (habituation), followed by a spatial or nonspatial change in the experimental arena, after which another 5 experimental sessions were conducted. The study revealed that wild rats had much higher exploration latency than their laboratory counterparts. At each analyzed stage, WWCPS rats spent much more time in the transporter than Wistar rats. Wistar rats spent much more time during the experiment on object interaction in the experimental arena. In post-manipulation sessions, however, it was wild rats that explored object zones relatively longer than laboratory rats. No differences in the animals’ behavior depending on the type of change were observed. Results suggest that wild rats tend to explore much more cautiously than laboratory rats and are more sensitive to changes in their environment. The underlying cause of these differences is likely to be the higher level of stress in wild rats, resulting from threats in their natural habitat.

10

Еще раз о трудностях перевода Представления И. Бродского (Е. Чех и А. Берлина)

88%

Бараш О.

Acta Neophilologica

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2016

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nr 18/2

119-128

EN

J. Brodsky’s poem Predstavlenije presents no semantic difficulties for a Russian reader, but attempts to translate it into foreign languages have not always been successful due to a large number of references to Soviet reality and intertextual links found in the text. The present article is devoted to the comparative analysis of three translations of this poem: those done by Thomas Campbell and Alexandra Berlina (both into the English language) as well as one created by Jerzy Czech (into the Polish language).

11

The problem of horse domestication. Selected issues

75%

Skrzyniecka W.

Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

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2014

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tom 9

299–325

EN

The main goal of this paper is to discuss the current state of research on horse domestication in prehistory by using selected evidence. This article refers to the steppe origin of horse domestication. Recently, the debate on this problem concerns not only archaeological aspects but also specialist analyses, such as archaeozoology or genetics. The interdisciplinary character of the problems explored in this article creates significant research possibilities, especially with regard to the of origins and dating of horse domestication. All of these issues are still open for debate among archaeologists.

12

Fraase laenamas: eestlaste ja soomlaste tolkestrateegiaid

75%

Muikku-Werner P.

Mäetagused

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2017

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tom 69

59-76

EN

Even rather similar proverbs and idiomatic phrases can have national nuances. They reflect the view of life and cultural reality typical for the nation in question. They give information about history, religion, manners, ethics, feelings, etc., of a country. However, the interaction between neighbours is a part of culture, and has contributed to cultural exchange. Because the ideas appearing in proverbs and phrases are in many respects universal, their globalisation happens naturally. Idiomatic phrases are challenging to translate because their meaning is not compositionally derived from their parts. This article demonstrates and compares the strategies that have been used for Estonian and Finnish (TL) in idiomatic phrase translations. The source languages (SL) are German and English. Two main translation strategies are presented: domesticating and foreignising. Domestication refers to the strategy in which the translator tries to reduce potential SL-specific elements by substituting them with corresponding TL-specific cultural elements. When using foreignisation as a strategy, translators refrain from making any changes, although cultural elements are divergent in the SL and TL, and they are retained in translations as close to the original as possible. The meaning of the idiom can be divided into two: the core meaning and additional meaning. Using this dichotomy helps, above all, to describe what kind of changes take place in the domesticating process. Idiomatic phrases carry a package of cultural values associated with the SL, and it is not an easy task to discover which culture-specific and language-specific features, and how, are translatable into the TL. In addition, idiomatic phrases can contain various more or less “poetic” elements, like uncommon words, exceptional word order, alliteration or rhyme. Transferring all these qualities to the TL is difficult but would contribute to maintaining the original expressive power, which is an important component of the idiomatic phrase in its native language. The results indicate that domestication strategies have a very important role in translation. Estonian and Finnish translators favour, for instance, substitution. They also add some expressive constituents like alliteration. Very old loan idioms are not domesticated. Particularly older people prefer established translations, even though they can encompass culturally unfamiliar elements. An interesting new phenomenon is direct, word-for-word translation. This kind of foreignising may be due to the speakers’ wish to show their English skills or their expertise. The use of this strategy stresses something special, like belonging to a certain in-group. There are some differences between Estonian and Finnish translations. Sometimes the Finnish translators advance further in the direction of the target language and culture than the Estonian ones. However, this solution seems to be arbitrary, not regular. Finns are keen on using a new calque translation which not necessarily adds to the intelligibility of the text. Some typically Finnish idiomatic phrases, popular especially among the young people, have not crossed the ocean. It would be very interesting to find out if the Finns living or studying in Estonia have absorbed local idioms.

13

POSTCOLONIAL TENDENCIES IN TRANSLATION IN THE LIGHT OF CENTRE-PERIPHERY PRE-CONCEPTUAL IMAGE SCHEMA

75%

Karpińska P.

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tom 7

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nr 2

328-339

EN

One of the main characteristics of translation is that it can be called everything but stable; multiple cultural, social, political, and economic processes are reflected in translation. Postcolonial studies in translation deal with, among others, cultural and linguistic hegemonies as well as strong and weak – or central and peripheral – cultures and the relations between them. Many of the theories (Even-Zohar, 1979; Tymoczko, 1999) state that strong cultures set an example whereas weak cultures attempt at following this example, even at the cost of their own values and culture (so-called foreignization in translation). It is significant to ask oneself why such processes take place. The investigation of the pre-conceptual image schemata of CENTRE-PERIPHERY and PLUS-MINUS polarity of the SCALE sheds some light on the nature of these interactions (Krzeszowski, 1997).

14

The evolution of translation standards as illustrated by the history of Polish translations of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë

75%

Roszkowska M.

Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies

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2013

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nr 2

43-57

EN

The aim of this article is to outline the most characteristic changes in translation standards which have occurred since the late 19th century. It examines the strategies used by three Polish translators of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë: Emilia Dobrzańska (1880-1881), Teresa Świderska (1930) and Gabriela Jaworska (2007). The earliest translation is more of an adaptation than a faithful rendering; it also makes frequent use of domestication (e.g. most proper names are translated into Polish). The other two translations apply foreignization more often, in particular the most recent one, and are closer to the original both in form and meaning.

15

Polska seria przekładowa „«Dziadka do orzechów» i «Króla Myszy» E.T.A. Hoffmanna”

75%

Pieciul-Karmińska E.

Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2015

|

tom 8

56-87

EN

The article discusses the Polish translations of E. T. A. Hoffmann’s “Nutcracker”. In the first part the origins of the famous story are presented. Then the author presents the problem of “translation series” as a phenomenon revealing translators’ approaches and various interpretations of the same literary work. The two main chapters of the article are devoted to eight different Polish translations of “Nutcracker”. Their detailed analysis leads to an evaluation of translators’ strategies of domestication and exotization and their influence on the Polish language reception. In the last part the author presents her own translation and points out important aspects of the original work treated in her version of “Nutcracker” as translation invariants

16

Comparative Hints Included: Contextual Links in English and Polish Poetry Translations by Jerzy Pietrkiewicz

71%

Luboń A.

Tematy i Konteksty

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2020

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tom 15

|

nr 10

84-100

PL

Artykuł omawia zależności między studiami komparatystycznymi i pracą akademicką na emigracji a praktyką translatorską Jerzego Pietrkiewicza (1916-2007) – polskiego poety, powieściopisarza, literaturoznawcy i profesora Uniwersytetu Londyńskiego. Jego tłumaczenia poezji z anglosaskiego kanonu na język polski (i vice versa) – które na długo przed publikacją na łamach kilku antologii powstały w ramach prowadzonych badań naukowych i na potrzeby zajęć akademickich ze studentami – nierzadko podają w przypisach lub zawierają wplecione w tekst przekładu elementy (słowa klucze, charakterystyczne archaizmy, rozpoznawalne frazy i konstrukcje syntaktyczne) zapożyczone z tradycji literackiej języka docelowego. Wykorzystane jako w dużej mierze wierne ekwiwalenty dla oryginałów, elementy te nawiązują do znanych utworów i, stanowiąc rodzaj międzytekstowych odsyłaczy, dostarczają czytelnikom przekładów wskazówek komparatystycznych przydatnych w interpretacji i ewaluacji wierszy w kontekście innych utworów powstałych w tej samej epoce literackiej lub nurcie artystycznym, lecz w innym kraju.

EN

The article discusses the relation between comparative studies of Jerzy Pietrkiewicz and his translations of Polish and English poetry. As the provided analyses indicate, the translator introduces a variety of subtle modifications into the target versions. These modifications result in establishing several types of intertextual links between the two poetic traditions Pietrkiewicz simultaneously discusses in his academic essays.

17

Czytać między przekładami. Rzecz Czarnoleska Juliana Tuwima w języku włoskim

65%

Wanicka M.

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nr 38

251-268

EN

The aim of the article is to draw attention to the value of a translation series as an interpretation tool. Its subject is the translation series consisting of five Italian translations of Julian Tuwim’s Rzecz Czarnoleska (The Czarnolas affair). The key to the analysis is the double reference to Polish Renaissance and Romanticism by allusions to Jan Kochanowski and Cyprian Kamil Norwid. The linguistic and cultural challenges have been overcome by the translators by means of different compensation strategies singled out and commented on in the article.

18

Źródło pochodzenia kapitału większościowego jako determinanta zróżnicowania mechanizmów nadzoru korporacyjnego w bankach

63%

Ertman A. , Kuźma M.

Bezpieczny Bank

|

2020

|

tom 78

|

nr 1

23-52

EN

The aim of this article is to assess the influence of the source of majority capital in banks quoted on the Warsaw Stock Exchange on the way corporate governance influenced these entities in the years 2014-2018. Annual reports and reports on supervisory board’s activities of analyzed banks were the main sources of this research. The study showed that corporate governance mechanisms in banks with dominant domestic capital differed from mechanisms in banks with foreign capital. The differences related to the dispersion of the share capital, the number of members in supervisory boards and management boards, including foreigners, and the frequency of changes in these bodies’ composition. The number of meetings of the supervisory board and of its resolutions varied as well. Moreover, in banks in which the majority shareholder changed from foreign to domestic, characteristic features of banks with domestic capital were revealed. This concerned, among others, higher dispersion of share capital, lower share of foreigners in banks’ authorities, frequent changes in the supervisory board’s composition and its more intensive work in terms of meetings and resolutions. In regard to other characteristics, the impact of changes in the ownership structure was ambiguous.

PL

Celem artykułu jest ocena wpływu źródła pochodzenia kapitału większościowego w bankach notowanych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie na sposób funkcjonowania nadzoru korporacyjnego w tychże podmiotach w latach 2014–2018. Głównym źródłem informacji wykorzystanych w badaniu były dane z raportów rocznych i sprawozdań z działalności rady nadzorczej analizowanych banków. Badanie wykazało, że mechanizmy nadzoru korporacyjnego różniły się bankach z dominującym udziałem inwestora krajowego i zagranicznego. Różnice dotyczyły stopnia rozproszenia kapitału zakładowego, liczby członków rady nadzorczej i zarządu, w tym cudzoziemców w nich zasiadających, oraz częstotliwości zmian składu tych organów, liczby posiedzeń rady nadzorczej i liczby podejmowanych przez nią uchwał. Ponadto w bankach, w których doszło do zmiany udziałowca większościowego z zagranicznego na krajowego, ujawniły się cechy charakterystyczne dla banków z krajowym kapitałem. Dotyczyło to m.in. większego rozproszenia struktury własności, mniejszego udziału obcokrajowców w organach banku, częstszych zmian składu rady nadzorczej i bardziej intensywnej jej pracy (więcej spotkań i uchwał). W przypadku pozostałych charakterystyk wpływ zmiany struktury własnościowej był niejednoznaczny.

19

Genetic variability of farmed and free-living populations of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

63%

Jezewska-Witkowska G. , Horecka B. , Jakubczak A. , Kasperek K. , Slaska B. , Bugno-Poniewierska M. , Piorkowska M.

Annals of Animal Science

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2012

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tom 12

|

nr 4

20

The morphology and morphometry of the epididymis in the greater cane rat (Thryonomys swinderianus Temmincks)

63%

Adebayo A. O. , Olurode S. A.

Folia Morphologica

|

2010

|

tom 69

|

nr 4

EN

The structure and morphometry of the epididymis in the greater cane rat were studied in this work. In assessing the morphology and characterising the morphometric values, a total of 15 adult male greater cane rats, bred and raised in captivity, were used. All the animals had brownish perineal staining, which was taken as index of sexual maturity in male cane rats, and they were maintained on elephant grass stems with water given ad libitum. From this work, the epididymis of the greater cane rat was observed to have a mean weight of 0.0365 ± 0.091 g, forming about 0.016% of the total body weight and an average volume of 0.36 ± 0.08 mL. There was a positive correlation between the epididymal weights, testicular weight, and the body weight in this animal. However, the gross divisions of the epididymis into head, body, and tail were not conspicuous in the cane rat; instead it had two divisions — the cranial and the caudal divisions. In addition, based on the histological and histomorphometric analyses, five zones were observed in the epididymal epithelium of this animal. This preliminary information on the epididymis will serve as a basis for further research on the epididymis of the greater cane rat and will contribute to the knowledge of the its reproductive biology, which will subsequently aid in the captive rearing and domestication of this animal. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 246–252)