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Crowdfunding And The Myth Of Disintermediation

100%

Amalian A. W. , Amalyan N. D.

MIND Journal

2019

nr 7

1-10

Most commonly crowdfunding (peer-to-peer and peer-to-business lending in particular) is classified as a new phenomenon in financial market, which come within the equally new aggregates of ‘sharing economy’ and/or ‘disruptive innovation’ and/or ‘FinTech’. More rarely it is presented as an example of ongoing process of disintermediation – disposal of a middleman between lenders and borrowers. This article is an attempt to substantiate several theses: (i) that primary financial instruments issued by debt-based crowdfunding platforms, bearing strong resemblance used in Islamic banking Mudaraba and Musharaka contracts, is nothing new in the world of finance; (ii) that more sophisticated instruments, created by crowdfunding platforms, give grounds to qualify this business model as a component of shadow banking; (iii) that contrary to the popular statement that ‘peer-to-peer lending cuts the institutional “middleman” and reduce costs, in reality crowdfunding platforms do not provide any sizeable reduction of borrowing costs and, per contra, contribute to the strengthening and expansion of the banking system.

Disruptive innovations - the impact on structure of Polish cities (the case of traiding networks expansion)

72%

Lewacki K.

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

2014

tom Vol. 7, no. 3

5--11

Foreign capital investments in Poland have an increasing impact on transformation of the functional and spatial structure of cities and regions. It is particularly apparent in the change of retail profile and distribution. Innovations used by international corporations lead to crowding-out Polish companies of this sector. One of the solutions to counteract the trend is to do suitable territorial marketing of the city and apply the disruptive innovation theory in the process of creating spatial offers, which should be reflected in proper spatial planning.

Inwestycje kapitału zagranicznego na polskim rynku zaczynają mieć coraz większy wpływ na transformację struktury funkcjonalno-przestrzennej miast oraz regionów. Sytuacja ta szczególnie widoczna jest w zmianie profilu i rozmieszczeniu handlu detalicznego. Innowacje stosowane przez międzynarodowe korporacje prowadzą do wypierania z tego sektora firm polskich. Możliwością przeciwdziałania temu trendowi jest tworzenie odpowiedniego marketingu terytorialnego miast, zastosowania teorii innowacji przełomowych w procesie tworzenia ofert przestrzennych, które powinny znaleźć odzwierciedlenie w odpowiednim planowaniu przestrzennym.

Driverless mobility and the geographic analysis of contemporary autonomous vehicles startup ecosystem

58%

Bezruchonak A.

Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG

2018

tom nr 21(4)

7--13

Over 50 billion US dollars had been invested into autonomous vehicles (AV) technology in 2013-2017. Driverless cars of the level 4 and 5 are forecasted to be in mass production after 2028 and the annual direct and indirect social and economic input of the AV technology is estimated to be over US $1.8-2.8 trillion in 2030. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the geographic structure of AV startup ecosystem, which is considered as one of the most significant disruptive and game-changing innovations of the nearest decades. The geographic analysis was carried out for 265 AV tech companies and startups, working on solutions to the following problem areas: services, infrastructure, in-car assistance and intelligence, safety, security, autonomy, sensors, materials and manufacturing. The key findings outline that the USA is the leader on the innovative AV market ecosystem (accounting for 57% of all startups) with the highest concentration near San Francisco Bay Area Core (more than 27% of all startups), followed up with a significant gap by Israel, India, UK and Canada. The main factors that define the level of readiness for autonomous vehicles, and, thus, the geography of diffusion of AVs innovation are regulatory and legislative environment, level of transportation and communication infrastructure development and public perception.