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Characteristics of patients with cerebral aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations

100%

Ożga J. , Skiba M. , Sztuczka S. , Wyka M.

nr 2

286-291

Introduction and aim. Aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are both vascular abnormalities that can occur simultaneously or separately and increase the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. The aim of this research was to characterize patients with intracranial aneurysms and AVMs. Material and methods. This retrospective research was based on analysis of Digital Subtraction Angiography. The research group consisted of 118 patients. StatSoft STATISTICA 13 was used for the statistical analysis of parameters, such as dimensions and vascularization pattern of vascular abnormalities. Results. The total number of aneurysms described was 168. In addition, 33 patients with cerebral aneurysms were also diagnosed with cerebral AVMs. The average dimensions of the aneurysms were 6.33mm, 95% CI (5.47 7.18) × 4.76mm, 95% CI (4.09, 5.43). The abnormalities were found in the extent of circulation of ACA (anterior cerebral artery) 50 (29.76%), ICA (internal carotid artery) 48 (28.57%), MCA (middle cerebral artery) 26 (15.48%), PCA (posterior cerebral artery) 23 (13.69%). There were 76 (64%) patients with diagnosed single aneurysms and 42 (36%) with multiple. Conclusion. Aneurysms are more likely to occur singly than multiply. The majority are located within the vascularization of the ACA. Aneurysms can coexist with AVMs, which increases the risk of rupture.

The incidence of vasospasm after intracerebral haemorrhage

100%

Kochanowicz J. , Łysoń T. , Lewszuk A. , Syta-Krzyżanowska A. , Konopiński M. , Pietrewicz J. , Polaków P. , Maziewski T.

nr 2

70-74

Purpose: Cerebral vasospasm occurs frequently after aneurismal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and is a dangerous complication. Only a few cases of cerebral vasospasm after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) have been reported. To determine the incidence of vasospasm, the authors of this study evaluated the participants’ digital subtraction angiographies (DSA) after these patients had experienced ICH. Materials and methods: Sixty patients with ICH (26 women and 34 men between 20 and 69 years of age, mean age 49.6 years ± 13.9 SD) who underwent cerebral arteriography were included in this study. Cerebral vasospasm was graded as mild (up to 25% of vessel narrowing), moderate (26-50% of vessel narrowing), and severe (more than 50% of vessel narrowing). Results: Vasospasm of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) to the ICH was found in 13 patients (21.6%), the ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery (ACA) in 4 patients, and the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) in one patient. Two patients had a spasm of the contralateral MCA. Severe MCA spasm was found in 3 patients, moderate in 5, and mild in 5. All cases of ACA and PCA spasms were assessed as mild. Conclusions: Cerebral vasospasm is a rather frequent finding in patients who have just experienced ICH. Therefore, practitioners need to assess and monitor the status of the cerebral vasculature in these patients.

An automatic aneurysm extraction algorithm in fused brain digital subtraction angiography images

63%

Momeni S. , Pourghassem H.

2015

tom Vol. 35, no. 4

264--275

Brain aneurysm is one of the most life-threatening events, which is associated with a high rate of mortality and disability. There are many factors, which specify the best treatment option for each particular patient. In this paper, an automatic computer-aided extraction algorithm for brain aneurysm, from fused digital subtraction angiography (DSA) images is proposed. In this algorithm, firstly, to remove vessel structure, morphological operations based on multi-directional structure elements and nonlinear diffusion filtering are used. Then, by applying circular Hough transform and region growing algorithms, the aneurysm extraction procedure is performed. In this step, to overcome to poor edge gradient of aneurysm, we define a labeled diffused image which specifies the region growing conditions. Finally, by using morphological operators, the aneurysm extraction performance of our algorithm is improved. In addition, the radius of extracted aneurysm is defined and reported as a geometric feature. The experimental results indicate that our proposed algorithm obtains accuracy rate of 77.5% for the aneurysm extraction on 30 abnormal cases.