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Znaczenie wolności mediów dla liberalnych demokracji na przykładzie wybranych państw europejskich. Analiza podsta- wowych indeksów demokracji

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Ossowski S.

Przegląd Zachodni

2021

nr 4 (381)

31-44

The aim of the article is to present the state of democracy in selected European countries, both members of the European Union and its neighbours (including candidate states), on the basis of the best-known indices of democracy and freedom of the press (media), published by the following organisations which develop democracy indices: Freedom House (Freedom in the World, Nation in Transit, Freedom of the Press), The Economist Intelligence Unit (Democracy Index), Bertelsmann Stiftung (The Bertelsmann Transformation Index), V-Dem Institute (Democracy Report), and Reporters Without Borders (World Press Freedom Index), an organisation specialising in press freedom. The importance of assessing the level of media freedom in European countries and its impact on the overall assessment of their political systems is emphasised. In this way, the author attempts to prove the thesis that without legal guarantees of freedom of the press (media) and unless the authorities respect these principles in practice, no country can be classified as a democracy (all the more so as a liberal democracy).

The importance of free media for liberal democracy as demonstrated by selected European countries. An analysis of fundamental indexes of democracy

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Ossowski S.

Przegląd Zachodni

2023

nr Special Issue 2023

53-69

The aim of this article is to present the state of democracy in selected European countries, botEuropean Union member states and neighbours (including candidate countries). This is carried out o n the basis of the best-known indexes of democracy and press (media) freedom, published by the organisations that have developed democracy indexes such as Freedom House (Freedom in the World, Nation in Transit, Freedom of the Press), The Economist Intelligence Unit (Democracy Index), Bertelsmann Stiftung (The Bertelsmann Transformation Index), V-Dem Institute (Democracy Report), and Reporters Without Borders (World Press Freedom Index), an organisation specialising in press freedom. The importance of assessing the level of media freedom in European countries is emphasised as is its impact on overall evaluations of their political systems. In this way, the author attempts to prove the thesis that without legal guarantees of press (media) freedom and governments respecting these principles in practice, no country can be classified as a democracy (much less as a liberal democracy).