The article analyses the time periodisation of various eclectic currents in the architecture of Kharkov and the stylistic features of each flow. It shows how external factors (the administrative status of the city, political influences, trends in religious life, economic development) and various currents of eclecticism have influenced the transformation of the urban environment and characterised the specific features of the objects and the work of outstanding architects. On the basis of the analysis, architectural periods of eclectic currents in Kharkov have been identified and a list of them has been compiled.
PL
Artykuł analizuje periodyzację różnych prądów eklektycznych w architekturze Charkowa i cechy stylistyczne każdego przepływu. Pokazuje, jak czynniki zewnętrzne (status administracyjny miasta, wpływy polityczne, trendy w życiu religijnym, rozwój gospodarczy) i różne nurty eklektyzmu wpłynęły na transformację środowiska miejskiego i scharakteryzowały specyficzne cechy dzieł wybitnych architektów. Na podstawie analizy okresów architektonicznych eklektyczne prądy w Charkowie zostały zidentyfikowane i opracowano ich listę.
The article reveals the peculiarities of nature therapy as a health-improving tech-nology in the primary school process. It is about new priorities in modern environmen-tal education. In the definitive sense, nature therapy is the positive effect of natural information on the pupil in order to form an active operational and activity position and maintain his or her personal health. The article focuses on the technological aspect of the nature therapy. That is, this phenomenon is considered as a specific pedagogical technology of preservation and correction of health and activation of cognitive activity of pupils of primary classes on the principles of influence of objects of the natural envi-ronment, as a pedagogical “treatment” by means of nature in the educational process of primary school. The attention is focused on the physiological, medical, psychological and pedagogical components of the technology described. The attention is drawn to the fact that the technology of preparing the future teacher of primary classes for the use of nature therapy in work with younger pupils on the basis of interdisciplinarity and integration, involves the formation of the system of value attitude to nature, knowledge, skills and abilities that enable students to use the means of nature therapy in the training, and subsequently in professional activity.
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The article deals with the palace architecture of the style of classicism in the Eastern Podillia in Ukraine of the late 18th and early 20th centuries, in the context of historical and socio-political backgrounds. This issue remains poorly studied, because it was not considered comprehensively for Eastern Podillia. The purpose of the article is to establish the factors and historical preconditions of the architecture of the palace complexes in accordance with the world tendencies and regional features of Eastern Podillia. The complex of general scientific and special research methods was applied in the work. It was established, that the palace architecture of Eastern Podillia was formed dependent on socio-economic and political changes in society, a complex of the main factors and worldview-cultural desires of the owners of estates. Determined, that the principles of the European classicism had an impact on the creation of conceptual features and typical signs of the palace complexes of the Eastern Podilia in the context of regional architectural tendencies and belonging to the territory of the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth in the 18 century.
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