Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Adaptacja tradycji kultur muzułmańskich w krajach Unii Europejskiej

100%

Wojciechowska K.

Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne

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2014

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tom 23

145-154

EN

Muslim religious practices are very often commented in the media by the society of Western Europe. Most of those practices are unacceptable. In present times most Islamic practices are not supported by Europeans and taken as barbarian. For many years governments of EU countries have been trying to stop their progress beyond their borders and fight with them as well. A conservative part of the Muslim society consequently stands on the side of tradition. Some Muslim rituals cannot be adapted in any possible legal way because they are at odds with a liberal character of the policy of relevant countries. Muslims as a big group cannot remain unnoticed. Adaptation of their tradition and culture is justified as well, insofar it has not intruded in the EU countries’ laws. There is still a lot of work to be done to find agreement between the societies of Muslim and autochthonic citizens of Europe.

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On the So-Called Asian Values Once Again

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Jelonek A.

Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia

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2015

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nr 28

25-38

EN

Over the period of the last two or three decades, East Asia has achieved remarkable success. It is hard to imagine today that yet in the 1960s this region was among the poorest in the world. Since then, a fierce discussion has started over the direction s of Asian modernity. With some influences of the Huntingtonian thesis placing cultural differences at the forefront in explaining international instabilities, several scholars have started quite seriously asking questions about the potential linkages between cultural values and political change in East Asia. In this article, I shall attempt to answer how important the role of cultural factors was in bringing about the general change of image of contemporary Asian communities and economies. After making a few preliminary comments on the theoretical relations between culture and development, I shall proceed to indicate some basic elements of both scientific and political discourse, concerning a concept of the so-called Asian values, which is presented as an example of a highly-ideological attempt at contrasting the two following cultural and social contexts: Asian and Western. In the conclusion, I shall try to contrast some myths about the cultural differences with the results of empirical research

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THE JEWISH COMMUNITY AND EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE KYIV EDUCATIONAL DISTRICT IN THE EARLY 20th CENTURY

88%

Ivanenko O.

Міжнародні зв’язки України: наукові пошуки і знахідки

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2019

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nr 28

45-79

EN

The article investigates Jewish community’s edification activities in the Kyiv educational district in the early 20th century through the lens of documents of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine (Kyiv). The current status of historiography presents an opportunity to deepen the study on Jews’ cultural life on the Ukrainian lands by analyzing and introduction into the scientific activities of new factual information materials. Complex research of Jewish population’s teaching opens new avenues for further exploration of cultural interaction and the role of ethnic communities in public life of Dnieper Ukraine in the early 20th century. Currently, the relevance of Ethnic Research is strengthened by its public and political significance in the context of finding mechanisms to solve concrete problems of increasing inter-ethnic and inter-state confrontation, xenophobic attitudes, interreligious tensions or conflicts, levelling the principles of tolerance and fundamental issues of the rule of law. In the early 20th century the nature of Jews’ cultural life in the Kyiv educational district has been defined by peculiarities of their legal status, relations with government authorities of the Russian Empire, but also and primarily by the State policy curtailing civil and political rights, the development of migration and communication, spatial distribution, education opportunities and professional self-fulfilment, the preservation of Jewish spiritual identity and traditional culture. With the spiralling process of assimilation, the growing problems of cultural development, self-identification and social integration of Jews the importance of education as a tool for the transfer of knowledge, skills and experiences to younger generations has increased. Promoting learning for all generations has encouraged the preservation of Jewish spiritual values and traditions on the one hand and socio-demographic, economic integration of Jews in the Russian Empire on the other.

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On Tradition and Cultural Memory in Contemporary Art: Theoretical Considerations

75%

Asavei M. A.

Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture

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2021

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tom 5

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nr 1

126-139

EN

This paper starts with a detailed analysis of Jan Assmann’s qualitative distinction between cultural memory and communicative memory. The purpose of this analysis is to highlight both the strengths and the limitations of this seminal distinction, and to also reflect on what cultural theorists and contemporary artists could learn through Assmann’s distinction since artistic production also employs cultural memory formats that do not exclude cultural traditions in their materializations. In line with these considerations, this paper aims to disentangle what “tradition” means to contemporary artists. Following Edward Shils and Hans-Georg Gadamer’s philosophy of “tradition,” the paper argues that cultural tradition does not necessarily have an oppressive character and the rebellion and suspicion against it is at the heart of tradition itself. Thus, the traditional/contemporary binary can be precluded by reconsidering how “tradition” and “traditional” are conceptualized considering philosophy of tradition and artistic memory.

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Moussems: Moroccan Urban Festivals

75%

Půtová B.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2018

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tom 28

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nr 1

41 - 50

EN

The subject of the paper is a description and analysis of the phenomenon called moussems – urban festivals that take place in Morocco from April to August. The current moussems, in comparison to their traditional sacral form, represent an international, secular and institutionalized festivity that is systematically modified and supported by the Moroccan king in order to develop tourism and to preserve local cultural traditions. The objective of the paper is to describe the creation of moussems, which originally celebrated the birth or death of saints in the rural environment and which offered an opportunity for nomadic tribes from the mountains to meet. Most importantly, it describes the transformation of moussems into an urban festivity whose current form and functions serve to enhance the national identity, the legitimacy and the power of the monarchy as well as to emphasize the diversity of Morocco’s tangible and intangible heritage. At the end of the paper, the transformation of moussems and the possibilities of how they could be used are exemplified by the Festival des Musiques Sacrées du Monde in Fez.