Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Estimation of crop plants susceptibility to UV-B radiation

100%

Skorska E.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

|

2003

|

tom 01

2

Prospects of geothermal water Use in cultivation of Spirulina

88%

Godlewska K. , Tomaszewska B. , Michalak I. , Bujakowski W. , Chojnacka K.

Open Chemistry

|

2015

|

tom 13

|

nr 1

EN

Spirulina has been studied due to its commercial importance as a source of essential amino acids, protein, vitamins, fatty acids etc. Most of the culture systems in use today are open ponds. The new approach proposed in this paper is to use the geothermal water as a medium for microalgae cultivation. Poland has beneficial conditions for wide geothermal use, as one of the environmentally friendly and sustainable renewable energy sources. In the planned research, geothermal water could be used to prepare microalgal culture medium, to heat greenhouses with bioreactors used for the growth of Spirulina, to dry the obtained biomass, as well as to heat the ground in foil tunnels. Using geothermal water gives the possibility to produce algae in open ponds covered with greenhouses and to cultivate plants during winter. The obtained algae can be used for the production of algal bio-products (e.g. homogenates), having the potential application in plant cultivation.

3

Magnezyt jako źródło magnezu dla roślin

75%

Pierzga A. , Biskupski P. , Hoffmann J. , Moszowski B. , Moszowski B. , Stanisławska-Glubiak E. , Korzeniowska J. , Żak K. , Matyja P. , Biskupski A.

Przemysł Chemiczny

|

2019

|

tom T. 98, nr 11

1789--1796

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki badań przyswajalności magnezu zawartego w nawozach mineralnych oferowanych przez krajowe wytwórnie, przyjmując za miarę przyswajalności rozpuszczalność w wodzie oznaczoną zgodnie z Rozporządzeniem WE. Badania przeprowadzono dla próbek nawozów zawierających magnez, a także próbek rozdrobnionych minerałów magnezowych, do których dodano azotan amonu, siarczan amonu, fosforan monoamonowy lub nawozy typu NPK, które nie zawierały magnezu. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają na ocenę wpływu sposobu wytwarzania nawozu i jego składu na przyswajalność magnezu zawartego w nawozach.

EN

Bioavailability of Mg contained in Polish mineral fertilizers was studied by detn. of its soly. in water. For comparison Mg-free NH4NO3, (NH4)2SO4 and NPK fertilizers-contg. fragmented carbonate minerals were also studied. The numerical data were tabula

4

Exploring computational protein fishing (CPF) to identify argonaute proteins from sequenced crop genomes

75%

Basu P. , Ganguli S. , Gupta S. , Datta A.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

|

2015

|

tom 06

EN

Plant RNA interference has been a very well studied phenomenon since its discovery. We are well versed with the types of small noncoding RNAs that are prevalent in the plant systems and their pathways of biogenesis and subsequent actions. However, apart from model plant systems such as Arabidopsis and Oryza, very little information is available regarding the other members of the RNA interference machinery; specially Argonaute proteins which acts as the major stabilizing factor for execution of the interference. This work focuses on the exploration of the sequenced crop genomes available on the web using a hybrid approach of computational protein fishing and genome mining. The results indicate that this hybrid approach was successful in the identification of argonaute proteins in the crop genomes under study.

5

The role of plants in experimental biological reclamation in a bed of furnace waste from coal-based energy

75%

Dyguś K. H.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

|

2015

|

tom Vol. 16, nr 1

8--22

EN

In the model experiment, an assessment of the role of plants in the reclamation of the bed of combustion waste from coal-based power plants fertilised with compost and sewage sludge. The bed of combustion waste was stored in cylindrical containers with a diameter of 80 cm (0.5 m2 of surface) and the height of 100 cm. The first stage of the experiment was carried out in 2006–2007. Then the bed was fertilised with four types of compost and sewage sludge, and then seeded with four species of grasses and white mustard. The second stage was undertaken in 2011–2013. In 2011, mixture of four species of grasses and white mustard was seeded on the same bed. It was assumed that the continuation of research in the second stage, whose results of are presented in this paper, will show a broader spectrum of vegetation changes, what will accurately track the process of biological reclamation of the bed of combustion waste. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reclamation in the experiment, based on the percentage estimates of the coverage of species and crop yields. During the three-year (second stage) experiment 78 species of self-seeding plants belonging to 19 taxa in the rank of families and 11 syntaxonomic groups were recorded. The most numerous were the families: aster family, grass family, papilionaceous family, goosefoot family and cabbage family. Among the syntaxonomic groups the dominating species belonged to the class Stellarietea mediae, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Artemisietea vulgaris. Among the forms of life hemicryptophyte and therophytes were the most represented. Highest total yields of plants were found in model containers with Complex compost and Radiowo compost and the model of sewage sludge. Based on the estimated models in each degree of coverage of species and crop yield, the highest reclamation efficiency was demonstrated in the models of reclamation of composts Complex and Radiowo, as well as in the model of sewage sludge. The lowest efficiency was demonstrated in models of composts ZUSOK and plant composts.

6

Production of selected crop plants in Poland over the period of 2010-2019

75%

Jarecki W.

Acta Agrophysica

|

2020

|

tom 27

7

Collecting missions in Poland in 1999 [Short communication]

75%

Nowosielska D. , Podyma W.

Plant Breeding and Seed Science

|

2005

|

tom 52

8

A note on silage from genetically modified maize tested for biological activity

75%

Twardowski T. , Potkanski A. , Pruszynski S. , Adamczewski K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2003

|

tom 12

|

nr 6

EN

Forage from genetically modified (GM) maize in two consecutive years (1999 and 2000) was ensiled in bins of 120 l volume in two combinations: with formic acid (85%) and without. In the samples of ensilage material GM maize, basic parameters have been determined such as pH and dry matter. The determination of biological activity of the components of translational apparatus in model translation systems showed the complete inactivation of biological activities. In addition, degradation of nucleic acids in examined silages was discovered.

9

The influence of agrotechnical factors on bioavailable contents of microelements in the humus horizon of soil

63%

Jakubus M.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

|

2007

|

tom 40

|

nr 2

195-205

EN

The objective of this research project was to determine the impact of the cultivated crop plants, nitrogen fertilisation and sprinkling on the contents of microelements obtained from the DTPA extract. It was found that the bioavailable content of the microelements was determined by all the three factors, with the sprinkling affecting more conspicuously the content of iron, copper and zinc in the soil, while crop rotation exerted a distinctly stronger impact on content of manganese.

PL

Celem pracy było określenie wpływu uprawianych roślin, nawożenia azotem oraz deszczowania na zawartości mikroelementów uzyskane w wyciągu DTPA. Badania przeprowadzono na próbkach glebowych pochodzących z wieloletniego doświadczenia polowego z różnym udziałem zbóż w płodozmianie (0, 25, 50, 75 i 100%), czterema poziomami nawożenia azotem (0, 60, 120 i 180 kg·ha-1) oraz dwoma wariantami deszczowania (deszczowane i niedeszczowane). Zebrany materiał glebowy poddano ekstrakcji roztworem DTPA (0,005 mol·dm⁻³ DTPA + 0,1 mol·dm⁻³ TEA + 0,01mol·dm⁻³ CaCl₂ o pH 7,3). W uzyskanych roztworach oznaczono metodą absorpcyjnej spektrometrii atomowej koncentrację miedzi, cynku, manganu i żelaza. Niezależnie od czynników doświadczenia zawartości mikroelementów wzrastały w następującej kolejności: Cu (0,2-0,4, średnio 0,31 mg·kg⁻¹) < Zn (1,02-3,86, średnio 1,92 mg·kg⁻¹)

10

The influence of the activity of the European mole Talpa europaea L. on the density

63%

Zurawska-Seta E.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Biology

|

2010

|

tom 13

|

nr 4

11

How much is bee worth? Economic aspects of pollination of selected crops in Poland

63%

Zych M. , Jakubiec A.

Acta Agrobotanica

|

2006

|

tom 59

|

nr 1

EN

Scientific studies state that a considerable part of the economic value of crop plant production should be attributed to the free services of pollinating insects. Such calculations are available for several EU and North American countries, and the present paper evaluates the value of pollination services to 19 important Polish crop plants. It is estimated that the market value of 19 entomogamous crops reaches the sum of approx. 7.5 billion PLN (thousand million) (approx. 1.8 billion EUR), 39% of this may be attributed to the insect activities, the most important being bees (the service value of approx. 2.5 billion PLN/0.6 billion EUR) and dipterans (almost 0.3 billion PLN/ 74 billion EUR). The paper discusses also the challenges and pitfalls of similar estimations and the need for conservation actions directed on crop plant pollinators.

PL

Badania wskazują, że znacząca cześć pieniężnej wartości plonów roślin uprawnych powinna być przypisana aktywności dzikich owadów zapylających. Opracowania w tej dziedzinie zostały wykonane dla kilku krajów Unii Europejskiej i Ameryki Pn., natomiast niniejsza praca ocenia wartość usług zapylaczy 19 gatunków roślin uprawnych w Polsce. W myśl danych statystycznych wartość rynkowa 19 ważnych upraw owadopylnych wynosi około 7,5 miliarda PLN (1,8 mid EUR), 39% tej sumy (prawie 3 mld PLN) jest pochodną aktywności owadów zapylających, z których najważniejszą grupę stanowią pszczołowate (wartość usług około 2,5 mld PLN/ 0,6 mld EUR) oraz muchówki (prawie 0,3 mld PLN/ 74 min EUR). W pracy dyskutowane są także trudności i ograniczenia napotykane w podobnych oszacowaniach oraz potrzeba działań ochronnych, które powinny objąć owady zapylające uprawy.Badania wskazują, że znacząca cześć pieniężnej wartości plonów roślin uprawnych powinna być przypisana aktywności dzikich owadów zapylających. Opracowania w tej dziedzinie zostały wykonane dla kilku krajów Unii Europejskiej i Ameryki Pn., natomiast niniejsza praca ocenia wartość usług zapylaczy 19 gatunków roślin uprawnych w Polsce. W myśl danych statystycznych wartość rynkowa 19 ważnych upraw owadopylnych wynosi około 7,5 miliarda PLN (1,8 mid EUR), 39% tej sumy (prawie 3 mld PLN) jest pochodną aktywności owadów zapylających, z których najważniejszą grupę stanowią pszczołowate (wartość usług około 2,5 mld PLN/ 0,6 mld EUR) oraz muchówki (prawie 0,3 mld PLN/ 74 min EUR). W pracy dyskutowane są także trudności i ograniczenia napotykane w podobnych oszacowaniach oraz potrzeba działań ochronnych, które powinny objąć owady zapylające uprawy.

12

Comparison of the subunit sizes of nitrate reductases from crude extracts of some crop plants

63%

Godlewska E. A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

1993

|

tom 15

|

nr 3

13

Improving salt tolerance in crop plants: new approaches through tissue culture and molecular biology

63%

Winicov I.

|

tom 34

14

Breeding for salt tolerance in crop plants - the role of molecular biology

63%

Flowers T. J. , Garcia A. , Koyama M. , Yeo A. R.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

1997

|

tom 19

|

nr 4

EN

Salinity in soil affects about 7 % of the land’s surface and about 5 % of cultivated land. Most importantly, about 20 % of irrigated land has suffered from secondary salinisation and 50 % of irrigation schemes are affected by salts. In many hotter, drier countries of the world salinity is a concern in their agriculture and could become a key issue. Consequently, the development of salt resistant crops is seen as an important area of research. Although there has been considerable research into the effects of salts on crop plants, there has not, unfortunately, been a commensurate release of salt tolerant cultivars of crop plants. The reason is likely to be the complex nature of the effect of salts on plants. Given the rapid increase in molecular biological techniques, a key question is whether such techniques can aid the development of salt resistance in plants. Physiological and biochemical research has shown that salt tolerance depends on a range of adaptations embracing many aspects of a plant’s physiology: one of these the compartmentation of ions. Introducing genes for compatible solutes, a key part of ion compartmentation, in salt-sensitive species is, conceptually, a simple way of enhancing tolerance. However, analysis of the few data available suggests the consequences of transformation are not straightforward. This is not unexpected for a multigenic trait where the hierarchy of various aspects of tolerance may differ between and within species. The experimental evaluation of the response of transgenic plants to stress does not always match, in quality, the molecular biology. We have advocated the use of physiological traits in breeding programmes as a process that can be undertaken at the present while more knowledge of the genetic basis of salt tolerance is obtained. The use of molecular biological techniques might aid plant breeders through the development of marker aided selection.

15

The effect of soil properties on yielding and cadmium accumulation in some crop plants

63%

Gambus F. , Wieczorek J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Environmental Development

|

2006

|

tom 09

|

nr 1

EN

In Poland, soils contaminated with cadmium constitute about 1.6 % of arable lands whereas in the lšskie province they make up 21.5 % of agricultural lands. Because of the fact that the metal is counted among the most dangerous environmental poisons, research was undertaken to determine soil properties most impacting plant growth and their ability of cadmium accumulation. The studies were conducted as a pot experiment on 15 soils diversified as to their properties, which might affect solubility of cadmium contained in them and its bioavailability. Oats, rape and maize were cultivated in each of the soils. Sensitivity of the tested plant species to soil requirements and ability for cadmium accumulation by plants were decreasing in the following order: rape > maize > oats. From among the tested soil properties acidification most affected the uptake and accumulation of cadmium in rape, whereas soil organic carbon concentration affected it to a lesser degree. Cadmium uptake by rape was increasing with the growth of these soil properties. Oats and rape developed mechanisms alleviating the results of soil properties affecting cadmium adsorption from the substratum.

16

Drzewko jak spod igly

51%

Markiewicz M.

Kwietnik

|

2005

|

nr 04

20-21

17

Magnesium as a nutritional tool of nitrogen efficient management - plant production and environment

51%

Grzebisz W. , Przygocka-Cyna K. , Szczepaniak W. , Diatta J. , Potarzycki J.

Journal of Elementology

|

2010

|

tom 15

|

nr 4

771-788

EN

Nowadays, the main objectives of plant crop growers aim at two targets (i) increasing food production and (ii) simultaneously, reducing the environmental impact of increasing fertilizer nitrogen consumption. On a global scale, fertilizer nitrogen recovery ranges from 33 to 50%. The required efforts stimulating production but protecting the environment focus on increasing unit productivity of fertilizer N. Magnesium, owing to its biological functions in plants, should play a much more important role In modern agriculture controlling N economy of crop plants and, consequently, nitrogen dispersion in the environment. In Poland, arable soils are generally poor in total and available magnesium. This state can be considered as indicating the necessity of applying magnesium and then maintaining a wellfeed plant nutritional status of growing crops. Crops well supplied with magnesium since the beginning of their growth, as seen from studies on the response of sugar beets and maize, are in a position to increase nitrogen unit productivity. Cereals respond to Mg supply when a dressing treatment takes place just before the onset of flowering. Another factor significantly affecting fertilizer nitrogen recovery in Poland is soil pH. Acid soils fertilized with Mg contain increased soil exchangeable Mg levels, which in turn depress the pressure of toxic aluminum on growing crops. Improvement of the plant Mg nutritional status enables plants to incorporate some of potentially residual N into biomass, increasing biomass yield. It can therefore be concluded that magnesium, owing to its ameliorating function in arable soils, meets the main requirement of sustainable nitrogen management, both in agriculture and in the environment.

PL

Główne zadania stawiane współcześnie producentom roślin uprawnych skupiają się na dwóch celach: (i) zwiększeniu produkcji żywności, i (ii) jednocześnie zmniejszeniu ujemnego wpływu wzrastającego poziomu nawożenia azotem na środowisko. W skali globalnej wykorzystanie azotu szacuje się od 33 do 50%. Wymagane działania proprodukcyjne i proekologiczne skupiają się na zwiększeniu jednostkowej produkcji azotu stosowanego w nawozach. W nowoczesnym rolnictwie magnez, ze względu na funkcje biologiczne w roślinie, powinien odgrywać dużo większą rolę w kontroli gospodarki azotowej rośliny, a tym samym rozproszenia azotu w środowisku. W Polsce gleby uprawne są ogólnie ubogie w całkowity i przyswajalny magnez, co stwarza konieczność stosowania nawozów magnezowych w sposób zabezpieczający odpowiedni poziom odżywienia rośliny. Rośliny dobrze zaopatrzone w magnez od początkowych faz rozwoju, jak wynika z reakcji buraków lub kukurydzy, są w stanie istotnie zwiększyć jednostkową produktywność azotu. Zboża reagują na nawożenie magnezem wówczas, gdy zabieg odbywa się tuż przed kwitnieniem. Drugim istotnym czynnikiem ograniczającym wykorzystanie azotu przez rośliny uprawiane w Polsce jest odczyn gleb. Traktowanie gleb kwaśnych nawozami magnezowymi, w następstwie wzrostu koncentracji wymiennego magnezu w glebie, istotnie zmniejsza presję toksycznego glinu na rosnącą roślinę. Poprawa stanu odżywienia roślin magnezem umożliwia włączenie części potencjalnie niewykorzystanego N (azot rezydualny) w biomasę, co zwiększa jej plon użytkowy. Można zatem stwierdzić, że stosowanie magnezu, mającego wpływ na poprawę funkcjonowania gleb uprawnych, wypełnia tym samym zadania związane z realizacją zrównoważonej gospodarki azotowej w rolnictwie i środowisku.

18

Pora na postrzyzyny

51%

Gawrys A.

Kwietnik

|

2008

|

nr 03

50-52

19

Salt tolerance in crop plants: new approaches through tissue culture and gene regulation

51%

Winicov I. , Bastola D. R.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

1997

|

tom 19

|

nr 4

EN

Recent approaches to study of salinity tolerance in crop plants have ranged from genetic mapping to molecular characterization of gene products induced by salt/drought stress. Transgenic plant design has allowed to test the effects of overexpression of specific prokaryotic or plant genes that are known to be up-regulated by salt/drought stress. This review summarizes current progress in the field in the context of adaptive metabolic and physiological responses to salt stress and their potential role in long term tolerance. Specifically considered are gene activation by salt, in view of proposed avenues for improved salt tolerance and the need to ascertain the additional influences of developmental regulation of such genes. Discussion includes the alternate genetic strategy we have pursued for improving salinity tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.). This strategy combines single-step selection of salt-tolerant cells in culture, followed by regeneration of salt-tolerant plants and identification of genes important in conferring salt tolerance. We have postulated that activation or improved expression of a subset of genes encoding functions that are particularly vulnerable under conditions of salt-stress could counteract the molecular effects of such stress and could provide incremental improvements in tolerance. We have proceeded to identify the acquired specific changes in gene regulation for our salt-tolerant mutant cells and plants. One particularly interesting and novel gene isolate from the salt-tolerant cells is Alfin1, which encodes a putative zinc-finger regulatory protein, expressed predominantly in roots. We have demonstrated that this protein binds DNA in a sequence specific manner and may be potentially important in gene regulation in roots in response to salt and an important marker for salt tolerance in crop plants.

20

Variation in morpho-physiological characters in forage rape [Brassica napus L.]. 3. Dark respiration

51%

Paul N. K.

Genetica Polonica

|

1992

|

tom 33

|

nr 2