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3
Content available Związki (korelacje) między cechami mięsa nutrii
86%
PL
Celem niniejszych badań była charakterystyka podstawowych cech użytkowych mięsa nutrii i oszacowanie współczynników korelacji między nimi. Na 21 nutriach odmiany grenlandzkiej i standardowej oceniono organoleptycznie (w pkt.): kruchość, soczystość, smak i zapach mięsa oraz ubytek jego masy. Zmierzono również barwę mięsa spektrofotometrem Minolta 508i. Drugi etap pracy dotyczył oszacowania współczynników korelacji między cechami. Oszacowane w niniejszych badaniach współczynniki korelacji badanych cech mięsa nutrii mieściły się w przedziale od 0,496 do 0,8821. Spośród współczynników korelacji większość miała wartości znaczące.
EN
Profile of basis usable coypu’s features was the aim of present investigations and estimations their coefficients r . Meat of 21 nutria (Greenland and Standard) was chacked on tenderness, juiciness, taste and flavor via organoleptic method. Indices of colour with Spektrophotometr Minolta 508i were determined. The coefficients of correlation were estimated between features. Estimated in present investigations correlation studied features coypu’s meat be comprised in compartment since 0,496 to 0,8821. From among counted coefficients of linear correlation the decided majority had the significant values.
EN
Habitat use by coypu Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) was studied in agro-systems oí' the Pampas grasslands, Argentina. We analysed two dimensions of the habitat: perpendicular and parallel to the water source. The perpendicular dimension covered three distinct areas: border of the stream, interface, and crops, while the parallel dimension involved the use of different crop types. We worked at two study sites, Mechongué (winter 1995 - summer 1996) and Lujan (winter 1997). At Mechongué, we conducted Four seasonal samples using an indirect method of counting faeces to estimate abundance of coypu. Along the perpendicular dimension, coypus used the border significantly more than the interface and the crops. The relative use of the border increased over the study period. Parallel to the water source, crops were avoided and pastures were preferred, At the Lujan study site, we observed the behaviour of coypu by recording activity and use of cover types at different distances from the stream. Coypu spent most of their active time foraging (80.5%). Ninety-two percent of the bouts took place less than 4 m from the pond. Coypus did not move more than 10 m away from the pond and did not use the crops. These results disagree with the claim that coypus are a risk to croplands in their native range.
EN
The ability of species to adapt to changing environmental conditions is a crucial need for surviving in human influenced landscapes. Especially non-indigenous species, which are flexible in their behaviour, may successfully enter and establish in new habitats. We compared the activity patterns of the invasive coypuMyocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) in an urban habitat in Germany with patterns observed in its native distribution range in South America as well as in areas, where it was introduced. In summer 1998 and winter 1999 a radio tracking study was carried out on six adult coypus, supplemented by count data on untagged animals. Whereas main activity in non-urban populations was recorded at night including dusk and dawn, coypus in the urban habitat were active during the day and early evening. We never observed animals between midnight and dawn. This reversal of activity patterns is attributable to deposition of human food in the city area during the daytime.
EN
During August 1990, 3 male and 3 female coypus Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) were radiotracked for 42 24-h periods at the Delta of Paraná River, Argentina. Coypus were mainly nocturnal, with activity peaks around one hour after sunset and two hours before sunrise. Movement rate peaked between 02.00 and 04.00 o'clock. This pattern is similar to that observed in captive individuals and introduced feral popu­lations. Among 7 environmental factors (day period, temperature, wind, cloud cover, and presence or absence of moon, fog, and rain) only period of day and rainfall during daylight were found significantly related to coypu activity, but no environmental factor influenced coypu nocturnal rate of movement.
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tom 54
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nr 3
257-262
EN
Strongyloides myopotami, a parasite of Myocastor coypus (nutria or coypu), was found during an extensive parasitological survey carried out on parasitic helminths of 5 species of subterranean rodents (tuco-tucos) belonging to the genus Ctenomys from Argentina and Uruguay. Strongyloides myopotami became known by causing “marsh itch” (also called “nutria itch” or “swimmer’s itch”), a severe rash caused by larvae that enter the skin in humans, and it is recognised as a zoonosis for people handling nutria fur. In the present study S. myopotami was found in 2 of the 5 examined species of Ctenomys (C. talarum from Argentina and C. pearsoni from Uruguay), both inhabiting the vicinity of water courses. Population descriptors of S. myopotami in C. talarum showed that a population of this parasite is well established in this rodent. The development of infective filariform larvae from eggs in the faeces of C. talarum and the prevalence of gravid parasitic females in this host can be considered as evidence of the establishment of a population of S. myopotami independent of the source population parasitizing M. coypus. Therefore, the presence of S. myopotami in these species of tuco-tucos indicates a change from a semi-aquatic to subterranean life cycle. Evidence that tuco-tucos are reservoirs for these nematodes and therefore may be a risk to human health in the areas studied is provided.
EN
The objectives of the study were to estimate chosen effects (sex, color variety, farm and partitution) on body weight and hair layer hight characters as well as correlations between these traits. Furthemore, heritabilities of traits studied were also estimated. The research was carried on three reproductive farms keeping animals in four basic coat varieties: standard, Sapphire blue, Greenland and white. In the experimental group 919 young nutrias were included and the following steps were executed: – body weight was measured, – hight of underfur and guard hairs. Estimation of heritability was based on unitrait animal model. Standard errors of heritability estimates were approximated based on second order polynomials. The package program DFREML was employed. Correlation coefficients were estimated in the SAS system. Heritability estimates of hair traits were high. The highest estimate (h2 = 0.623) was obtained for lateral guard hairs height. The estimates of other three traits were slightly lower and ranged from 0.49 (lateral underfur) to 0.58 (dorsal underfur). Higher heritability was estimated for fur characters than for body weight. Linear correlations were estimated between all traits. Some of the estimates were close to zero. The highest correlation was recorded for the height of the same hair types.
EN
Leg muscle and liver samples of 25 coypu were used for analysis of mineral content. Total elements content was analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The content of arsenic was analyzed by hydride generous atomic absorption spectrometry (HGAAS). Mean values and standard deviations of aluminium (Al), arsen (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chrome (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) were calculated. For each mineral the contents in the liver were higher than in the muscle for all animals. The highest average contents had Na (muscle 2227.51 mg/kg, liver 4123.7 mg/kg) and K (muscle 1081.00 mg/kg, liver 3256.06 mg/kg). Zinc had the highest concentration of microelements in muscle, in decreased line follow the means of Fe, Cu, Mn, Se and Ni. The means of trace elements follow with Sr, Cd, Cr, Mo, Al, Co, Pb and As. The medians of the ratio content of liver to content of muscle were for Mn 5, for Mo and Se 4, for Cu and K 3, for Co and Fe 2.5, for the other minerals between 1.2 and 2. It couldn't be shown a correlation between liver and muscle mineral content. Some statistical significant differences between age and sex of coypu were found. These differences must be interpreted cautiously because of the situation of multiple tests.
PL
Do analizy zawartości składników mineralnych wykorzystano próbki z udźca i wątroby 25 nutrii. Całkowitą zawartość składników analizowano metodami FAAS i ETAAS. Zawartość arsenu oznaczano metodą HGAAS. Obliczono wartości średnie i odchylenia standardowe glinu (Al), arsenu (As), kadmu (Cd), kobaltu (Co), chromu (Cr), miedzi (Cu), żelaza (Fe), potasu (K), manganu (Mn), molibdenu (Mo), sodu (Na), niklu (Ni), ołowiu (Pb), selenu (Se), strontu (Sr) i cynku (Zn). W wątrobie wszystkich zwierząt zawartość tych składników mineralnych była większa niż w ich udźcu. Największą średnią zawartość miał sód (Na): (udziec 2227,51 mg/kg, wątroba 4123,7 mg/kg) i potas (K): (udziec 1081,00 mg/kg, wątroba 3256,06 mg/kg). Największą koncentrację mikroelementów w udźcu miał cynk (Zn), innych średnie zmniejszały się w kolejności: Fe, Cu, Mn, Se i Ni. Średnie pierwiastków śladowych następowały w kolejności: Sr, Cd, Cr, Mo, Al, Co, Pb i As. Stosunek zawartości składników wątroby do składników udźca wynosił dla Mn 5, dla Mo i Se 4, dla Cu i K 3, dla Co i Fe 2,5, a dla innych składników między 1,2 i 2. Nie pojawiła się korelacja między zawartością składników mineralnych wątroby i udźca. Znaleziono niektóre, statystycznie istotne różnice, między wiekiem nutrii obu płci. Te różnice powinny być ostrożnie interpretowane z powodu sytuacji wielostronnego badania.
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