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Mechatronic tool systems - innovation brings flexibility

100%

Kruszynski J.

tom Vol. 84, nr 41

387-394

The important means of production are knowledge, know-how and innovation. They determine the value of the company much more than real estate, working capacity and capital. This paper shows one important innovation field, which will determine the development of cutting technology and cutting tooling in the present and the future - Mechatronic or Intelligent Tools. These kinds of tool measure positions, move own axes and react to process changes through wireless communication with the CNC. The principles of these mechatronic tool systems and selected applications of them will be shown. The tools have a servo drive and measuring system fitted in the tool head to set the facing slide electro-mechan-ically. Power and data are transmitted either by infrared light or inductively. In addition to a fully automatic adjustment of the cutting edge, which is realised in the M042 tool family, the P70 axis tool system also allows flexible contour machining by providing freely programmable stroke adjustment for the cutting edges.

Roles of contour and surface processing in microgenesis of object perception and visual consciousness

75%

Breitmeyer B. , Tapia E.

tom 7

68-81

Developments in visual neuroscience and neural-network modeling indicate the existence of separate pathways for the processing of form and surface attributes of a visual object. In line with prior theoretical proposals, it is assumed that the processing of form can be explicit or conscious only as or after the surface property such as color is filled in. In conjunction with extant psychophysical findings, these developments point to interesting distinctions between nonconscious and conscious processing of these attributes, specifically in relation to distinguishable temporal dynamics. At nonconscious levels form processing proceeds faster than surface processing, whereas in contrast, at conscious levels form processing proceeds slower than surface processing. Implications of separate form and surface processing for current and future psychophysical and neuroscientific research, particularly that relating cortical oscillations to conjunctions of surface and form features, and for cognitive science and philosophy of mind and consciousness are discussed.

Hurwitz-Radon operator in monochromatic medical image reconstruction

63%

Jakóbczak D. , Kosiński W.

tom Vol. 11

69--78

In this paper the method, dedicated for medical images reconstruction, will be presented. One of them called the method of the Hurwitz-monochromatic (e.g. black and white) images. The method is based on a family of Hurwitz-Radon matrices. The matrices possess columns composed of orthonormal vectors. The operator of Hurwitz-Radon (OHR), built from that matrices, is described. It is shown how to create the orthogonal and discrete OHR and how to use it in a process of curve interpolation. The method needs suitable choice of nodes, i.e. points of the curve to be compressed: they should be equidistance in one of coordinates. Application of MHR gives a high level of compression (up to 99 %) and a very good interpolation accuracy in the process of reconstruction of contours. Its use in the computer tomography is also effective. Orthogonal OHR can be regarded as a linear and discrete model in the supervised (machine) learning [5]. It is shown how to use it in approximation of data. Created from the family of N-1 HR matrices and completed with the identical matrix, system of matrices is orthogonal only for vector spaces of dimensions N=2,4,8. Orthogonality of columns and rows is very important and significant for stability and high precision of calculations.