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Prace rozpoznawcze nad technologią ciągłej modyfikacji sodem stopów Al-Si

100%

Białobrzeski A. , Dudek P. , Fajkiel A. , Leśniewski W.

Archiwum Odlewnictwa

2006

tom R. 6, nr 18/1

97--102

Jednym z możliwych sposobów ciągłej modyfikacji stopów około eutektycznych sodem, może być ciągła elektroliza związków (soli) sodowych, odbywających się bezpośrednio w kąpieli metalowej (w tyglu). Do takiego procesu niezbędne jest zastosowanie stałego elektrolitu - przewodzącego jony sodu. Sól sodowa umieszczona np. w retorcie, wykonanej ze stałego elektrolitu, w wyniku przyłożonego napięcia prądu stałego ulega dysocjacji, a następnie elektrolizie. Retorta jest zanurzona w ciekłym metalu. Anodą jest ciekła w tej temperaturze sól sodowa, połączona ze źródłem prądu stałego np. przez elektrodę grafitową, a katodą jest ciekły metal. Jony sodu powstające z dysocjacji soli sodu i elektrolizy są transportowane przez ściankę stałego elektrolitu (materiał retorty), a w zetknięciu z ciekłym stopem jako katodą, jony sodu przechodząc w stan atomowy modyfikują kąpiel metalową.

One of the validated methods of continuous sodium modification of around-eutectic alloys can be continuous electrolysis of sodium compounds (salts), conducted directly in metal bath (in crucible). To carry out this process it is necessary to have a solid electrolyte conducting sodium ions. The sodium salt placed in e.g. a retort made from the solid electrolyte undergoes, due to the application of direct current, the process of dissociation, first, and of electrolysis next. The retort is immersed in liquid metal. The anode is sodium salt, liquid at this temperature and connected to the source of direct current through e.g. a graphite electrode, while cathode is liquid metal. Sodium ions formed by dissociation of sodium salt and electrolysis are trasported through the wall of solid electrolyte (the material of retort), and in contact with liquid alloys acting as a cathode, they are passing into atomic state and modify the metal bath.

Continuous sodium modification of nearly-eutectic aluminium alloys. Part II. Experimental studiem

88%

Białobrzeski A. , Saja K. , Leśniewski W.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

2007

tom Vol. 7, iss. 1

57-60

One of the possible means of continuous sodium modification of nearly-eutectic alloys may be continuous electrolysis of sodium compounds (salts), taking place directly in metal bath (in the crucible). For this process it is necessary to use a solid electrolyte conducting sodium ions. Under the effect of the applied direct current voltage, sodium salt placed in a retort made from the solid electrolyte undergoes dissociation, and next - electrolysis. The retort is immersed in liquid metal. The anode is sodium salt, at that temperature occurring in liquid state, connected to the direct current source through, e.g. a graphite electrode, while cathode is the liquid metal. Sodium ions formed during the sodium salt dissociation and electrolysis are transported through the wall of the solid electrolyte (the material of the retort) and in contact with liquid alloy acting as a cathode, they are passing into atomic state, modifying the metal bath.

Continuous modification of AK11 silumin with multicomponent salt on base of NaCl

63%

Pezda J.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

2007

tom Vol. 7, iss. 4

151-154

Sodium belongs to the most effective modifying agents. The sodium can be brought into metal bath in metallic form or in form of chemical compounds comprising sodium, the most often in form of NaF. In the both above mentioned cases action of sodium is of very short duration, (what constitutes its main disadvantage), as lasting for about 15-20 minutes, mainly due to its evaporation from metal bath. Prolongation of modifying agent's action can be accomplished due to technology of continuous introduction of sodium to metal bath. That technology is based on continuous electrolysis of sodium salt, occurring directly in melting pot with liquid alloy. Application of solid electrolyte - conducting sodium ions (ionic conductance) - and simultaneously maintaining solid state of aggregation in melting and superheating temperature of alloy, i.e. 600÷800°C is indispensable for such process. Suitable sodium salt which is placed in retort produced from solid electrolyte shall undergo dissociation, and next electrolysis, in result of applied direct current. Sodium ions arisen during the dissociation of sodium salts and electrolysis are "conveyed" through retort walls made from solid electrolyte. In contact with liquid alloy as cathode, sodium ions pass to atomic state, modifying the alloy. The paper discusses results of initial study concerning process of continuous modification of AK11 silumin with use of multicomponent sodium salt on base of NaCl, shows results of tensile strength Rm and measurement of voltage drop for the alloy in solid state. Values of those parameters have confirmed obtained modification effect of investigated alloys. Assurance of stable run of continuous modification process brings about necessity of a further research aimed at optimization of parameters of the process.