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Hydraulic Stability of Fly Ash-Bentonite Mixtures in Landfill Containment System

100%

Budihardjo M. A. , Syafrudin S. , Priyambada I. B. , Ramadan B. S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

tom Vol. 22, nr 7

132--141

This study aimed to examine the performance of fly ash mixed materials with bentonite binder (FAB) as a recent low-cost containment system to withstand leachate infiltration. The mixture of fly ash with clay (bentonite) can increase the strength of stability and strengthen cohesion bonds between molecules. Direct shear, falling head, Atterberg limit and specific gravity test have been conducted as a preliminary study to determine the precise mixture composition of fly ash-bentonite (FAB) landfill liners. Some bentonite composition: 0% (FAB0), 15% (FAB15), 20% (FAB20), 25% (FAB25) and 25% – cured with NH4Cl (FAB25s) for 24 hours, which mixed with fly ash, showed the value of shear stability at normal stress reaching 9.5 kNm-2, 15.48 kNm-2, 45.06 kNm-2, 46.26 kNm-2 and 13.67 kNm-2, respectively. It showed that the greater the content of bentonite in the mixture, the higher the shear stress produced. Curing with saline solution can reduce the shear stress of the FAB mixture. The safety test results using Geoslope/W® show that the addition of bentonite will increase bonding between particles, bearing capacity, and shear strength of the material. The largest safety factor of 1.674 obtained from FAB20 material meets the safety standard for short-term slope stability. The use of fly ash material with bentonite is expected to be an alternative landfill liner material.

Simulations of loos-of-coolant accidents for containments of the second and the third PWR generation

72%

Bury T. , Składzień J.

Archives of Thermodynamics

2006

tom Vol. 27, no. 4

45-56

The work deals with modeling of thermal-hydraulic processes taking place within a containment of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) during the Loss-of-Coolant Accident - LOCA. Aim of the work is to compare thermodynamic consequences of the LOCA within containment.s of pressurized water reactors of the second and the third generation types. Simulations have been conducted for the two-loop Westinghouse PWR and for design data of the AP-600 reactor. Calculations have been realized using a computer code HEPCAL-AU worked out at the Institute of Thermal Technology of the Silesian University of Technology, and using the PWR reactor simulator made by the Cassiopeia Technologies. A set of multi-variant simulations for different accident scenarios have been accomplished. Based on the obtained results the analysis of the effectiveness of functioning of the considered systems has been done. The selected results of calculations and the most important conclusions are presented in the paper.