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Implementation of the Sievert integral for the calculation of dose distribution around the BEBIG Co-60 high dose rate brachytherapy source

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Dumenya C. , Hasford F. , Tagoe S. N. A. , Sasu E. , Pokoo-Aikins M. , Asamanyuah B. B. , Amuasi J. H.

Polish Journal of Medical Physics and Engineering

2022

tom Vol. 28, Iss. 2

90--98

Introduction: In radiotherapy, a computerized treatment planning system (TPS) is used for performing treatment planning to estimate the dose distribution within a patient. To simplify the dose calculation, mathematical algorithms are employed. TG43 formalism is widely used for brachytherapy. Before the implementation of a particular dose calculation algorithm in clinical practice, it is imperative to acknowledge the limitations and uncertainties associated with the algorithm. Regarding this, outputs of the algorithm are compared to measurements or dose calculation approaches using simple source placement geometries. The manual dose calculation method has to be robust, straightforward, and devoid of complexities to reduce the likelihood of committing errors in the dose calculation process. A lot of manual dose calculation approaches have been proposed for Brachytherapy sources, but one needs to ascertain their reliability. Material and methods: Considering this, the output of an HDRplus treatment planning system dedicated to brachytherapy treatment planning and using the TG43 formalism to calculate the dose distribution around a BEBIG Co-60 source was validated with Sievert integral dose calculation approach. Simple source placement geometries were created with the TPS using the universal applicator, LLA1200-20, selected from the applicator library, and doses at various equidistant points from the applicator calculated with the TPS and the Sievert integral. Various steps to enhance the efficacy of the Sievert integral approach have been outlined. Results: The doses compared favourably well with deviations ranging from 0.03 – 10.51% (mean of 3.13%), and 0.03 – 5.63% (mean of 2.55%) for angles along the perpendicular bisector of the source, ranging from 0° < θ < 70° and 0° < θ < 48°, respectively. Conclusions: The Sievert integral breaks down at angles: θ ≥ 60°, and therefore, neglecting large angles, the Sievert integral would be an efficient, effective, and valid tool for quality control of the HDRplus TPS for the Co-60 source.

Development of the irradiation facility SIBO INRA/Tangier, Morocco by upgrading cobalt-60 in a temporary pool and enhancing safety and control features

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Mohammed M. , Mouad C. , Amina G.

Nukleonika

2017

tom Vol. 62, No. 4

303--309

An automatic control system is one of the most important parts of an irradiation facility. The level of this control is always maintained to comply with safety procedures during routine work in this field. Also sometimes it is limited to the minimum level of regulation required due to economical aspects; some commercial systems are generally made by manufacturers of industrial facilities and considered affordable by irradiators. In some cases specific irradiation facilities tailor their control systems to their needs. For this kind of irradiator the control system can be developed and upgraded according to personal and industrial experiences. These upgrading procedures are also used by others to develop their systems. The objective of this paper is to share a local experience in upgrading security, safety systems and the use of cobalt-60 for the irradiator. It is a composite experiment at SIBO INRA/Tangier, Morocco and concerns the: (i) upgrade of cobalt-60 in a temporary pool in the SIBO irradiator in Tangier. This operation was conducted in collaboration with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and was a success story of 2014 according to the general conference of IAEA; (ii) safety and technical upgrade of the system in the SIBO irradiator made in collaboration with IAEA; (iii) installation and upgrade of the security system in accordance with the Global Threat Reduction Programme (GTRP) to reduce the threat of a Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD) in collaboration with The United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA).