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1

The effectiveness of selected hormonal preparations in stimulating the spermation of the chub Leuciscus cephalus (L.)

100%

Cejko B. I. , Krejszeff S. , Zarski D. , Targonska K. , Kucharczyk D. , Glogowski J.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2011

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tom 26

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nr 3

EN

We analysed the effects of [(D-Ala⁶, Pro⁹NEt)-mGnRH+metoclopramide] i.e. Ovopel at the dose of 0.5 granule kg⁻¹ of body weight (b.w.), [(D-Arg⁶, Pro⁹NEt)-sGnRH+domperidone] i.e. Ovaprim at the dose of 0.25 ml kg⁻¹ b.w., luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRHa) at the dose of 50 μg kg⁻¹ b.w. and carp pituitary extract (CPE) at the dose of 2 mg kg⁻¹ b.w. on the total volume of milt (TVM, ml), volume of milt per kg of body weight (VOM, kg⁻¹ b.w.), spermatozoa motility [%], osmolality of seminal plasma (mOsm kg⁻¹), spermatozoa concentration (×10⁹ ml⁻¹), total sperm produced (TSP, ×10⁹) and total number of spermatozoa per kg of b.w. (TNS, ×10⁹ kg⁻¹ b.w.) in the chub Leuciscus cephalus (L.). Milt was collected 24 hours after injection from individuals (n=9) belonging to each group. The control group (control, n=9) consisted of the males which were given 0.9% NaCl at 0.5 ml kg⁻¹ b.w. The highest values of TVM and VOM were observed after Ovaprim (5.88±1.62 ml and 19.24±3.56 ml kg⁻¹ b.w. respectively) and CPE stimulation (5.39±1.19 ml and 19.61±3.32 ml kg⁻¹ b.w. respectively). The lowest TVM and VOM values were observed after LHRHa injection (2.46±0.89 ml and 8.95±3.13 ml kg⁻¹ b.w. respectively) and those values were statistically different from values recorded after Ovopel (P<0.05), Ovaprim (P<0.001) and CPE (P<0.001). A significant increase in spermatozoa motility (P<0.05) was observed following hormonal stimulation as compared to the control, regardless of the type of hormonal agent applied. The values of osmolality were similar in all the groups with no significant differences between them (288–300 mOsm kg⁻¹, P>0.05). The highest spermatozoa concentrations in the control were 10.26±1.70 · 10⁹ ml⁻¹, and the lowest values were 5.47±0.99 · 10⁹ ml⁻¹, P<0.001, observed after Ovaprim stimulation. The highest TSP and TNS values were recorded after CPE injection (42.84±11.72 · 10⁹ and 160.4±65.67 · 10⁹ kg⁻¹ b.w. respectively), while the lowest were obtained following stimulation with LHRHa (23.57±8.56 · 10⁹ and 85.72±30.56 · 10⁹ kg⁻¹ b.w. respectively). Those differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Considering the large volume of milt (TVM and VOM) and the large number of spermatozoa (TSP and TNS), chub spermation can be successfully stimulated with Ovaprim or CPE injections.

PL

Przeanalizowano wpływ Ovopelu [(D-Ala⁶, Pro⁹NEt)-mGnRH+metoklopramid] w dawce 0.5 granulki kg⁻¹ m.c., Ovaprimu [(D-Arg⁶, Pro⁹NEt)-sGnRH+domperidon] w dawce 0.25 ml kg⁻¹ m.c., analogu gonadoliberyny (LHRHa) w dawce 50 μg kg⁻¹ m.c. oraz ekstraktu przysadki mózgowej karpia (CPE) w dawce 2 mg kg⁻¹ m.c. na całkowitą objętość pozyskanego mlecza (TVM, ml), objętość w przeliczeniu na kg masy ciała (VOM, kg⁻¹ m.c.), ruchliwość plemników [%], osmolalność plazmy nasienia (mOsm kg⁻¹), koncentrację plemników (×10⁹ ml⁻¹), całkowitą ilość plemników (TSP, ×10⁹) oraz ilość plemników w przeliczeniu na kg masy ciała klenia Leuciscus cephalus (L.). Mlecz pobierano po 24 godz. od wykonania iniekcji od każdego osobnika (n=9) z każdej grupy. Grupę kontrolną (kontrola, n=9) stanowiły samce, którym aplikowano 0.9% NaCl w dawce 0.5 ml kg⁻¹. Najwyższe wartości TVM i VOM stwierdzono po podaniu samcom Ovaprimu (odpowiednio: 5.88±1.62 ml i 19.24±3.56 ml kg⁻¹m.c.) oraz CPE (odpowiednio: 5.39±1.19 ml i 19.61±3.32 ml kg⁻¹m.c.), natomiast najniższe po stymulacji LHRHa (odpowiednio: 2.46±0.89 ml i 8.95±3.13 ml kg⁻¹m.c). Stwierdzone wartości były istotnie niższe od wartości po stymulacji Ovopelem (P<0.05), Ovaprimem (P<0.001) i CPE (P<0.001). Po stymulacji hormonalnej zaobserwowano istotny wzrost odsetka plemników ruchliwych (P<0.05) w porównaniu z kontrolą i to bez względu na zastosowany środek hormonalny. Wartości osmolalności kształtowały się w każdej grupie na zbliżonym poziomie, nie różniąc się istotnie (288–300 mOsm kg⁻¹, P>0.05). Najwyższą koncentrację plemników stwierdzono w kontroli (10.26±1.70 · 10⁹ ml⁻¹), natomiast najniższą po stymulacji Ovaprimem. Stwierdzone wartości 5.47±0.99 · 10⁹ ml⁻¹ były istotnie najniższe (P<0.001). Najwyższe wartości TSP i VOM stwierdzono po iniekcji CPE (odpowiednio: 42.84±11.72 · 10⁹ i 160.4±65.67 · 10⁹ kg⁻¹m.c.), natomiast najniższe po stymulacji LHRHa (odpowiednio: 23.57±8.56 · 10⁹ i 85.72±30.56 · 10⁹), a zaobserwowane różnice były istotne (P<0.05). Biorąc pod uwagę objętość pozyskanego mlecza (TVM i VOM) oraz ilość wyprodukowanych plemników (TSP i TNS), do indukowania spermacji klenia można polecać zarówno Ovoprim, jak i CPE.

2

Metal concentrations in chub, Leuciscus cephalus, from a submontane river

100%

Krywult M. , Klich M. , Szarek-Gwiazda E.

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tom 38

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nr 1

EN

Background. Fish are often used as indicators of pollution levels in water environments. The omnivorous chub inhabiting rivers of Europe, including their more polluted parts, is a potentially suitable indicator. The information published, however, on the metal accumulation in the tissues of chub living in varyingly polluted waters (both polluted and unpolluted environments) is scarce. The presently reported study was conducted to examine the metal concentrations in selected tissues of chub living in a natural submontane river. Materials and Methods. Sediment samples (0–5 cm layer) and chub, Leuciscus cephalus (L.), were collected from the upper (stations 1–4) and lower (stations 5–8) sections of the Biała Tarnowska River in summer 2003. Fish age was determined from the otoliths. The AAS method was used to determine metal concentrations (Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn) in sediment and chub tissues (spleen, liver, and muscle). Results. According to the values of the geochemical index (Igeo), the river sediments were not polluted by Pb, Cu, and Zn, while in various degrees polluted by Cd. Despite the low metal concentrations, the mean Cd and Cu concentrations were higher (c. 2× and 4×, respectively) in the upper part of the river compared to the lower section, while concentration of Pb and Zn were similar in the two areas. Chub accumulated the greatest amount of Cu in the liver, while the bulk of Cd, Pb, and Zn was found in the spleen. In the upper part of the river, elevated concentrations of trace elements in selected tissues of chub were found: Cu (spleen, muscle), Cd (spleen), Zn (muscle). The pollution status of the river, on the basis of trace element contents in the sediment, was also determined. Conclusion. The obtained results indicated tissue-specific metal accumulation in chub. Selected chub tissues are sensitive to Cd and Cu contents in the river sediment.

3

Bryozoan species Hyalinella punctata Hancock in gut content of chub Leuciscus cephalus (L.)

84%

Markovic G. , Karan-Znidarsic T. , Simonovic P.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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tom Vol. 57, nr 1

201-205

EN

Bryozoans are widely distributed benthic invertebrates which form colonies both in running and stagnant waters. There are 19 freshwater species of Bryozoa in Europe, and only three have been recorded in Serbia so far. Statoblasts (the dormant stages of these colonial animals) are relatively frequently found in the gut contents of fish, but those of the Hyalinella punctata species (Phylactolaemata) have not been registered. Statoblasts of H. punctata were determined for the first time in the gut content of chub Leuciscus cephalus sampled from the Zapadna Morava River (West Serbia, Danube River basin) in late summer and autumn. The intactness in form supports their viability after the passage through intestines, implying that the fish may be a vector of the dispersal of H. punctata in new aquatic habitats, as well as a risk factor in the transmission of certain salmonid fish disease agents into fish farms and natural habitats.

4

Gonadogenesis in chub Squalius [Leuciscus] cephalus [L. 1758]

67%

Hliwa P. , Zyla A. , Krol J.

Folia Biologica

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2009

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tom 57

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nr 3-4

115-120

5

Bryozoan species Hyalinella punctata Hancock in the gut content of chub Leuciscus cephalus L.

67%

Markovic G. , Karan-Znidarsic T. , Simonovic P.

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nr 1

201-205

EN

Bryozoans are widely distributed benthic invertebrates which form colonies both in running and stagnant waters. There are 19 freshwater species of Bryozoa in Europe, and only three have been recorded in Serbia so far. Statoblasts (the dormant stages of these colonial animals) are relatively frequently found in the gut contents of fish, but those of the Hyalinella punctata species (Phylactolaemata) have not been registered. Statoblasts of H. punctata were determined for the first time in the gut content of chub Leuciscus cephalus sampled from the Zapadna Morava River (West Serbia, Danube River basin) in late summer and autumn. The intactness in form supports their viability after the passage through intestines, implying that the fish may be a vector of the dispersal of H. punctata in new aquatic habitats, as well as a risk factor in the transmission of certain salmonid fish disease agents into fish farms and natural habitats.

6

Effects of temperature on survival, deformations rate and selected parameters of newly hatched larvae of three rheophilic cyprinids (genus Leuciscus)

67%

Kupren K. , Mamcarz A. , Kucharczyk D.

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tom 25

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nr 3

EN

Experiments were conducted to determine full range of tolerated and optimal water condition for eggs incubation of three species from genus Leuciscus i.e: dace Leuciscus leuciscus (L.), ide Leuciscus idus (L.), and chub Leuciscus cephalus (L.). Spawners were caught from rivers of the northern (Pasleka River drainage) and central (Pilica River drainage) parts of Poland. Fertilized eggs were incubated under controlled conditions at ten different constant temperatures ranging from 4.5 to 29.0℃. The optimal temperature ranges for the incubation of dace, ide and chub eggs were 7.5 to 12.3℃; 15.7℃ and 19.0 to 23.0℃, respectively (considering hatching percentage, incidence of abnormalities and size of hatched larvae), which are close to the water temperature during spawning season. This study also reveals that embryos of studied species can adapt to increasing water temperature due to global warming up to 23.0℃ (dace and ide) and 27.5℃ (chub). Besides, some inter-population differences in the response to temperature were observed.

PL

Przeprowadzono badania określające zakres temperatur tolerowanych i optymalnych dla inkubacji ikry trzech gatunków należących do rodzaju Leuciscus: jelca Leuciscus idus (L.), jazia Leuciscus idus (L.) i klenia Leuciscus cephalus (L.). Tarlaki pozyskano z Polski północnej (rzek dorzecza Pasłęki) oraz centralnej (rzek dorzecza Pilicy). Zapłodnioną ikrę inkubowano w warunkach kontrolowanych, w szerokim zakresie stałych temperatur wynoszącym od 4,5 do 29.0℃. Biorąc pod uwagę procent wyklucia, odsetek zdeformowanych larw oraz ich rozmiar optymalnymi warunkami inkubacji dla ikry jelca i klenia okazały się zakresy odpowiednio 7.5–12.3℃ i 19.0–23.0℃. Dla jazia była to temperatura 15.7℃. Uzyskane wartości temperatur optymalnych są zbliżone do temperatur występujących podczas tarła. Przeprowadzone badania ujawniają również, że rozwijające się embriony badanych gatunków są w stanie tolerować temperaturę wody sięgającą 23.0℃ (jelec, jaź) oraz 27.5℃ (kleń). W trakcie doświadczenia zaobserwowano również pewne międzypopulacyjne różnice w badanych parametrach.

7

What is the best level to investigate fish parasites like a indicator of environmental stress?

67%

Gelnar M. , Dusek L. , Sebelova S.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

8

An instance of agreement between environmental and genetic diversities: chub, Leuciscus cephalus, populations in the Rhone catchment

67%

Bouvet Y. , Brohon B. , Pattee E.

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nr 1-2

EN

According to heterozygosity, allele number, and Correspondence Analysis, the chub populations of the lentic Saone River were genetically homogeneous while those of the lotic Rhone River (including flowing sections and standing backwaters) were diverse. These two groups of populations were distant by 150 km.

9

The time of spawning and seasonal variations in the length-weight relationship and condition of chub, Leuciscus lepidus [Heckel, 1843] in Lake Beysehir [Turkey]

67%

Karabatak M.

Acta Hydrobiologica

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1997

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tom 39

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nr 1-2

EN

The chub showed a peak in spawning in June. The weight and condition (K) at the same lengths and the length-weight regression (W=ɑLᵇ) coefficients of the sexes did not differ statistically for the same season, but they were slightly higher in females (except for b). Both sexes reached the maximum weight, K, and ɑ values in spring when the gonads were ripening. Those values decreased considerably in summer owing to spawning activity. The value of regression coefficient b was lowest in spring, and highest in summer (overall b was close to 3.0, except for females in spring).

PL

Szczyt tarła przypadł w czerwcu. Ciężar i kondycja (K) przy jednakowej długości ciała oraz współczynniki regresji (W=ɑLᵇ) u obu płci nie różniły się istotnie w poszczególnych sezonach, jednak były nieco wyższe dla samic (z wyjątkiem b). Samce i samice osiągały najwyższe wartości K i ɑ na wiosnę, kiedy dojrzewały gonady. Wartości tych współczynników wyraźnie malały w lecie (efekt tarła). Współczynnik b był najmniejszy na wiosnę, a największy w lecie (ogólnie był bliski 3.0, z wyjątkiem wartości dla samic wiosną).