Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Strach przed zarazą i jego religijno-kulturowe implikacje w dziejach Warmii i Mazur

100%

Jodkowski M.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2022

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nr 4 (385)

85-96

EN

The article deals with the fear that manifested itself in the history of Warmia and Masuria. Its particular significance was evident when confronted with the plague, which spread easily, decimating the local population. Panic manifestations were observed especially during the plague and cholera epidemics. The lack of proper recognition of the disease generated erroneous control decisions, which exacerbated negative attitudes among local communities. Extraordinary circumstances led to the disruption of traditional rhythms of life and customs, especially regarding the handling of the sick and the dead. The plague, interpreted in a religious spirit, was associated with punishment sent by God. In order to propitiate or atone for it, shrines were founded, vows were taken, pilgrimages were made, processions were initiated, and chapels and crosses were erected. The authors of several monographs that dealt with these problems focused on the course of the epidemic, the ordinances of state authorities, and methods of treatment, especially in the perspective of the medical knowledge of the time. These publications, however, treated the issue of fear that accompanied the spread of the plague merely marginally. The research method is an analysis of the existing literature on diseases in order to demonstrate the importance of fear as an efficient cause in the history of the community.

2

Role of cholera toxin in Vibrio cholerae infection in humans - a review

88%

Pal P.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2014

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tom 17

EN

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of Asiatic cholera, is a gram-negative motile bacterial species acquired via oral ingestion of contaminated food or water sources. Cholera has spread from the Indian subcontinent where it is endemic to involve nearly the whole world seven times during the past 185 years. V. cholerae serogroup O1, biotype El Tor, has moved from Asia to cause pandemic disease in Africa and South America during the past 35 years. A new serogroup, O139, appeared in south Asia in 1992, has become endemic there, and threatens to start the next pandemic. The facultative human pathogen V. cholerae represents a paradigm that evolved from environmental non-pathogenic strains by acquisition of virulence genes. The major virulence factors of V. cholerae, cholera toxin (CTX) encoded by the ctxAB genes residing in the genome of filamentous lysogenic bacteriophage (CTXɸ) and toxin coregulated pilus (TCP) encoded by vibrio pathogenicity island (VPI). CTX, a potent stimulator of adenylate cyclase, causes the intestine to secrete watery fluid rich in sodium, bicarbonate, and potassium, in volumes far exceeding the intestinal absorptive capacity, by ADP-ribosylation of the alpha subunit of the GTP-binding protein. Thus intestinal infection with V. cholerae results in the loss of large volumes of watery stool, leading to severe and rapidly progressing dehydration and shock. Without adequate and appropriate rehydration therapy, severe cholera kills about half of affected individuals. Today, cholera still remains a burden mainly for underdeveloped countries, which cannot afford to establish or to maintain necessary hygienic and medical facilities. During the last three decades, intensive research has been undertaken to unravel the virulence properties and to study the epidemiology of this significant human pathogen. This review provides an overview of the role of CTX in the occurrence of this disease in humans.

3

Epidemia cholery w Krakowie w 1866 roku. Analiza demograficzna i przestrzenna

75%

Wnęk K.

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tom 37

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nr 3

93-117

EN

The article presents the causes and effects of the epidemic of cholera that broke out in Cracow in 1866. The presentation is based on archival material collected when the epidemic was raging and when it was over. The basic source are tabular sheets and responses to a questionnaire sent to physicians by the Sanitary Commission just after the epidemic was over in 1867. The notes prepared by Cracow physicians are a splendid source for the research of that kind as they were made shortly after the epidemic. The article also presents a description of how the epidemic was approaching Cracow and its probable route along which it reached the city. The article includes various views on the aetiology of the epidemic and on various methods of curing it. In the article there is an analysis of the mortality rate according to sexes, faith and the place of treatment. The epidemic has been depicted as it was evolving in time and space; in order to make the depiction the author has used some geostatistical methods, including the method of hierarchical clustering. The incidence of cholera and its mortality rate have been presented on two maps, on which the clusters have been marked too. According to the research, in the case of Roman Catholics the disease attacked mainly the poor and malnourished social groups, who lived in poor housing conditions or were homeless. In the Jews the disease attacked various social groups, not only the poorest. The ability to survive has been analysed in two religious groups of Cracow: the Roman Catholics and the Jews. The results have not confirmed the statistical higher resistance of the Jews to cholera, which might have been suggested by the first data of the graph. In another part of the article Cox regression has been used to verify which factor was responsible for a higher mortality caused by cholera. The method of backward (stepwise) approach has not confirmed that such factors as sex, social class, faith or place of treatment influenced the probability of death. Among those factors the most doubtful one is the place of treatment, i.e. a hospital or a dwelling place, which has been rejected in the last step of the analysis. It may be the result of the fact that the sample was not big enough. The epidemic of 1866 was relatively mild, and the city council was well prepared; it was also important that there were many highly-qualified physicians engaged in the battle against the epidemic and access to medicines was not difficult.

4

Epidemia cholery w guberni płockiej w 1894 r.

71%

Piotrowicz D.

Studia Mazowieckie

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2022

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tom 17

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nr 2

69-85

EN

In the Płock Governorate in the 19th century, the cholera epidemic occurred 11 times, the last of which was the most tragic. The epidemic broke out at the end of May and lasted until September 16, 1894. The aim of the article is to present its course and effects as well as ways of fi ghting the plague.

PL

Gubernię płocką w XIX w. cholera nawiedziła 11 razy, z których ostatni raz był najtragiczniejszy. Epidemia wybuchła pod koniec maja i trwała do 16 września 1894 r. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jej przebiegu i skutków oraz sposobów walki z zarazą.

5

Entwurf zu einem chemischen Apparate mittelst welchem das Miasma der asiatischen Cholera... aufgefangen... und die Krankheit ... geheilt werden kann

63%

Matejak M. , Dobrowolska E.

|

tom 79

6

Cholera powracajacym zagrozeniem dla zdrowia ludzi

63%

Roszkowska A. , Gawel J. , Mizak Z.

Życie Weterynaryjne

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2008

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tom 83

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nr 09

747-749

7

Antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim, alone and in combination, against Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype E1 Tor serotype Ogawa isolates

63%

Mandal S. , Pal N. K. , Chowdhury I. H. , Debmandal M.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2009

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tom 58

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nr 1

57-60

EN

In this communication, the ciprofloxacin-trimethoprim (Cp-Tm) combination showed synergistic (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration, FIC index 0.399) and additive (FIC index 0.665-0.83) effects against Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa isolates having Cp MICs 10 μg/ml and Cp 0.66 μg/ml, respectively, following agar dilution checkerboard method. The time-kill study results demonstrated synergy between Cp and Tm against both groups of isolates providing 2.04 log₁₀ (for strain with Cp MIC 0.66 μg/ml) and 3.12 log₁₀ (for strain with Cp MIC 10 μg/ml) decreases in CFU/ml between the combination and its most active compound. Thus, the findings of the present study suggest an introduction of Cp-Tm combination treatment regimen against drug resistant cholera and this in turn will help in combating the drug resistance of V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa.

8

Pastereloza indykow, cholera [Avian pasteurellosis]

63%

Ramza J.

Polskie Drobiarstwo

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2003

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nr 07

31-32

9

Tajemnica chorobotwórczości Vibrio chloreae przecinkowca cholery w sto lat po śmierci Roberta Kocha

63%

Stypulkowska-Misiurewicz H.

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nr 4

10

Vibrio cholerae 0139 Bengal etiologiczny czynnik VIII pandemii cholery

63%

Pancer K. , Stypulkowska-Misiurewicz H.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

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1996

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tom 35

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nr 1

67-78

11

Criminal law provisions that guarantee the food safety in Poland, including the European Union’s regulations

63%

Szwejkowska M. , Truszkowski W. , Zębek E.

Themis Polska Nova

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2016

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nr 1(10)

173-182

EN

Gałąź gospodarki, jaką stanowi produkcja i obrót żywnością przynosi istotny zysk ekonomiczny, ta branża wydaje się generować najwyższe przychody i być bardzo dochodowa. Z drugiej strony – oprócz zysków – przemysł żywnościowy może być źródłem zagrożenia dla ludzi, zdrowia publicznego i bezpieczeństwa powszechnego na niebywałą skalę. Stąd niezwykle ważne jest dochowywanie wysokich standardów bezpieczeństwa przez producentów i podmioty wprowadzające żywność do obrotu. Celem artykułu jest analiza rozwiązań prawnych dotyczących sankcjonowania przestępnych zachowań związanych z obrotem żywnością.

12

Epidemia cholery w 1893 roku w Białymstoku w świetle raportu lekarza miejskiego Mikołaja Głowackiego

63%

Wróbel M.

Studia Podlaskie

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2019

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tom 27

93-123

EN

The aim of the article is to discuss the circumstances and the course of the epidemics of cholera in Białystok in 1893, the anti-cholera precautions taken by the town and sanitary authorities, as well as medical care, on the basis of the report prepared for the needs of Governorate authorities by Białystok town physician, Mikołaj Głowacki.

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie uwarunkowań i przebiegu epidemii cholery w Białymstoku w 1893 r., oraz powziętych przez władze miejskie i sanitarne środków przeciwcholerycznych i opieki medycznej, na podstawie raportu, sporządzonego na potrzeby władz gubernialnych przez białostockiego lekarza miejskiego Mikołaja Głowackiego.

13

Immunogenicity of recombinant bacterial antigens expressed as fusion proteins in transgenic rice seeds

51%

Zaman S. , Islam S. M. T. , Khan M. K. , Alam M. M. , Uddin M. I. , Baby N. I. , Islam S. , Bhuiyan T. R. , Qadri F. , Seraj Z. I.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2017

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tom 98

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nr 4

14

Pandemia : zagrożenie o zasięgu światowym

51%

Michalski Z. C.

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tom nr 3

18--27

15

Końska pułapka

51%

Holdys A.

Wiedza i Życie

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2012

|

nr 02

16

Koch i jego dokonania - rys historyczny

51%

Zwolska Z.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

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2010

|

tom 49

|

nr 3

139-150

17

Robert Koch [1843-1910]

51%

Wisniewski J. M. , Bielecki J. E.

Kosmos

|

2010

|

tom 59

|

nr 1-2

17-26

18

Jadalne szczepionki pochodzenia roślinnego

51%

Rakoczy-Trojanowska M.

|

2002

|

nr 54

19

Podróże z ryzykiem

51%

Machura J.

Trybuna Leśnika

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2012

|

nr 07-08

20

Pogromca bakterii

44%

Jagielski T. , Golec K.

Wiedza i Życie

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2010

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nr 05

56-63