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Środki ochrony roślin o budowie chiralnej

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Morzycka B. , Morzycki J. W.

tom [Z] 57, 9-10

855--876

The agrochemical industry is continuously searching for new active compounds to combat pests. The main aim of this research is to develop new substances with lower application rates, increased selectivity and decreased undesired ecological impact. Most synthetic agrochemicals with chiral structure are marketed as racemates even though the desired biological activity may be derived from only one enantiopure isomer. However, some newly introduced compounds are marketed as the most biologically active stereoisomers. When agrochemicals have chiral structures, efforts should be made to define the mode of action, toxicity, and metabolic pathway of each enantiopure isomer. If there are large differences in the biological activities of individual stereoisomers, it is desirable to use only the most active one. In this review article some stereochemical aspects of several groups of important agrochemicals including aryloxypropanoate herbicides, acylanilides, triazine herbicides, ureas and cyanoacrylates, triazole fungicides, morpholine derivatives, organochlorine insecticides, pyrethroid insecticides, pheromones and antifeedants, and organophosphorus compounds, will be discussed.