Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Assessment of the Biogas Yield of White Mustard (Sinapis alba) Cultivated as Intercrops

100%

Słomka A. , Wójcik Oliveira K.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, nr 7

67--72

EN

Popularization of intercrops in agriculture, resulting in an increased sequestration of carbon dioxide may bring additional benefits, becoming a source of biomass constituting a feedstock for biogas production. The residue formed in the course of biogas production, i.e. digestate, is also an alternative or a valuable supplement for mineral fertilizers necessary to maintain the proper condition of the agricultural soil. Therefore, the application of substrates from the intecrop biomass enables to improve the quality of soil, without sacrificing the main crop, by preventing the leaching of nutrients; it also reduces the risk of plant diseases, has a significant influence on diversification of energy sources, and contributes to solving the issue of excessive greenhouse gases emission. The aim of the work was to investigate the biogas and methanogenic potential of white mustard (Sinapis alba) and estimate the biogas efficiency of its biomass (the above-ground part) per hectare of arable land. The studies were conducted on the plants cultivated on experimental plots located in Emilianów and Wierzbica (Lubelskie Voivoideship). The cultivation of plants was conducted simultaneously, as stubble crop. The studies indicated a significant quantitative and qualitative differentiation of plant biomass collected from particular plots. The C:N ratio, which constitutes the basic factors governing the correct course of methane fermentation, in the case of the shoot biomass of the considered plants, ranged from 13.5:1 to 19.9:1, depending on the location. The biomass efficiency of mustard biomass ranged from 0.6 t d.m. ha-1 to 0.8 t d.m. ha-1, whereas its biogas potential amounted to 350–440 m3 t-1 d.m. Therefore, one hectare of intercrop mustard yields 264–280 m3 of biogas and the produced digestate can be recirculated to the soil, increasing the amount of biogenic substances and enriching it with humic substances.

2

Qqualitative characteristics of white mustard and tansy phacelia grown as stubble catch crops depending on soil cultivation and sowing methods

75%

Wilczewski E.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

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2019

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tom 18

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nr 4

3

Macroelement content in potato tubers as affected by manuring with undersown catch crop, and production system

63%

Plaza A. , Makarewicz A. , Gasiorowska B. , Cybulska A. , Gorski R. , Rzazewska E.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Agronomy

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2017

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tom 20

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nr 4

4

Effects of weather conditions on yield of tansy phacelia and common sunflower grown as stubble catch crop

63%

Wilczewski E. , Skinder Z. , Szczepanek M.

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nr 4

EN

In our study conducted in north-central Poland in 2001-09 in the lessive soil of a very good rye complex, a relationship between the yielding of tansy phacelia and common sunflower grown as stubble catch crop and the weather conditions that prevailed during the growing period were estimated. The yield of the tested plants grown as stubble catch crop was significantly dependent only on the total precipitation occurring in the period from the beginning of July to the end of August. A good plant supply in water in one of those two months was sufficient to cultivate the catch crop successfully, and optimal total precipitation from the beginning of July to the end of August was 142 mm for tansy phacelia and 150 mm for common sunflower.

5

Comprehensive analysis of soil nitrogen removal by catch crops based on growth and water use

63%

Yasutake D. , Kondo K. , Yamane S. , Kitano M. , Mori M. , Fujiwara T.

International Agrophysics

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2016

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tom 30

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nr 3

6

Ocena energetyczna technologii uprawy pszenicy jarej

63%

Majchrzak L. , Piechota T.

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2013

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tom R. 17, nr 3, t. 2

255--261

PL

Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2011-2012 w RZD Brody należącym do Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu. Doświadczenie założono metodą bloków losowanych w 4 powtórzeniach. Celem badań była ocena wielkości i struktury nakładów energetycznych poniesionych w następstwie zastosowania międzyplonu i zróżnicowanych systemów uprawy roli w uprawie pszenicy jarej. Do analizy nakładów energetycznych ponoszonych na uprawę pszenicy zastosowano metodykę energochłonności skumulowanej. Na podstawie wyników przeprowadzonych obliczeń stwierdzono, że zastosowanie międzyplonu ścierniskowego z gorczycy białej wysiewanego po podorywce powodowało zwiększenie nakładu energii skumulowanej o 13,7%, a w przypadku wysiewu międzyplonu w siewie bezpośrednim o 31,5%. Zastąpienie uprawy orkowej agregatem uprawowym zmniejszyło nakłady energii skumulowanej o 9,3%. Wyliczona wartość wskaźnika efektywności energetycznej była najniższa przy uprawie pszenicy jarej w technologii orkowej i różniła się istotnie od wartości uzyskanych w pozostałych technologiach.

EN

A field study was carried out in 2011-2012 at the Research Station Brody belonging to Poznan University of Life Sciences. The experiment was assumed with blocks randomized in four repetitions. The objective of the study was to determine the size and structure of energy inputs incurred as a result of catch crop and varied field cultivation systems of spring wheat production use. It was found that the use of catch crop from white mustard sown after skimming resulted in the increase of the accumulated energy input by 13.7 per cent and in direct sowing technology by 31.5 per cent as compared to the treatment where catch crop was not cultivated. Replacement of plow tillage with a cultivation aggregate decreased accumulated energy inputs by 9.3 per cent. The value of energy efficiency index was the lowest at spring wheat in plow technology and there was significant difference as compared to the other technology.

7

The effect of plant mulches on soil moisture in vegetable cultivation

63%

Zaniewicz-Bajkowska A. , Kosterna E. , Rosa R. , Franczuk J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Horticulture

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2012

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tom 15

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nr 2

8

Economic effects of summer catch crops application in sweet corn cultivation

63%

Rosa R.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2014

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nr IV/3

EN

The work presents the results of investigations conducted in 2004- 2007 to evaluate the residual effect of summer catch crops ploughed as green manures on productive-economic effects of sweet corn cultivation. The experiment was carried out in east-central Poland (52°03’N, 22°33’E). The following summer catch crops were grown: phacelia, amaranth, sunflower, serradella and faba bean. The catch crop seeds were sown in 2004-2006 at three dates: on the 21stJuly, 4th and 18th August. The effect of summer catch crops was compared to FYM applied at the rate of 40 t·ha-1. The catch crops biomass (roots + above ground parts) and FYM were incorporated in the third decade of October. Sweet corn seeds (6 kg·ha-1) were sown in mid-May, in the years 2005-2007, at the between – and inter- row spacing of 65 × 20 cm. Sweet corn ears were hand-harvested at the stage of milk maturity of kernels, at the turn of August and September. During the harvest marketable yield of ears (t·ha-1) and number of marketable ears per 1 ha were determined. Economic evaluation of sweet corn cultivation under diversified organic fertilization was conducted according to the standard gross margin method. The calculation was based on the 2014 prices. The highest yield and number of ears were obtained after catch crops with faba bean and phacelia sown on the 21st July and after FYM. Delaying the sowing date of catch crops resulted in a decrease in the successive yielding effect. The highest gross margin (25267.66 PLN·ha-1 and 0.56 PLN per 1 ear) and profitability index (332%) were achieved in the sweet corn cultivation after catch crop with faba bean sown on the 21st July. Compared to the plot with FYM, a higher level of gross margin and profitability index were obtained after all catch crops sown on the 21st July and the 4th August. Irrespective of investigated factors, profitability index was on a very high level amounting to 211-332%.

9

Fertilization value of papilionaceous plants in the cultivation of white cabbage and onion. I. Yield

63%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Rosa R. , Zaniewicz-Bajkowska A.

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nr 2

10

The content of some micronutrients in rendzina soil cultivated using different tillage systems and catch crops

51%

Kraska P.

Polish Journal of Agronomy

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2011

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nr 04

11

The occurrence of fungi on the stem base and roots of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in monoculture depending on tillage systems and catch crops

51%

Kraska P. , Mielniczuk E.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2012

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tom 65

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nr 1

EN

The present study was carried out in the period 2006- 2008 based on an experiment established in 2005. The study evaluated the effect of conservation and plough tillage as well as of four catch crops on the level of infection by fungal pathogens of the stem base and roots of the spring wheat cultivar ‘Zebra’ grown in monoculture. The species composition of fungi colonizing the stem base and roots of spring wheat was determined. The split-plot design of the experiment set up on rendzina soil included plough tillage and conservation tillage with autumn and spring disking of catch crops. The experiment used four methods for regeneration of the spring wheat monoculture stand using the following: undersown red clover and Westerwolds ryegrass crops as well as lacy phacelia and white mustard stubble crops. Plots without catch crops were the control treatment. Red clover and Westerwolds ryegrass catch crops as well as lacy phacelia and white mustard stubble crops had a significant effect on the decrease in the stem base and root infection index of spring wheat compared to the control without catch crops. The disease indices in the tillage treatments under evaluation did not differ significantly from one another. The stem base and roots of spring wheat were most frequently infected by fungi of the genus Fusarium, with F. culmorum being the dominant pathogen of cereals. Compared to conservation tillage, in plough tillage the pathogenic fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana was not found to occur on the stem base and roots. The Westerwolds ryegrass catch crop promoted the occurrence of F. culmorum, both on the stem base and roots of spring wheat.

PL

Badania przeprowadzono w latach 2006-2008, na bazie doświadczenia założonego w 2005 roku. W pracy oceniano wpływ uprawy konserwującej i płużnej oraz czterech międzyplonów na stopień porażenia przez patogeny grzybowe podstawy źdźbła i korzeni pszenicy jarej odmiany Zebra uprawianej w monokulturze. Określono skład gatunkowy grzybów zasiedlających podstawę źdźbła i korzenie pszenicy jarej. Schemat doświadczenia założonego na glebie rędzinowej metodą split-plot uwzględniał uprawę płużną, uprawę konserwującą prowadzoną z jesiennym oraz z wiosennym talerzowaniem międzyplonów. Uwzględniono cztery sposoby regeneracji stanowiska w monokulturze pszenicy jarej: w postaci wsiewek międzyplonowych koniczyny czerwonej i życicy westerwoldzkiej oraz międzyplonów ścierniskowych facelii błękitnej i gorczycy białej. Obiekt kontrolny stanowiły poletka bez międzyplonów. Wsiewka międzyplonowa koniczyny czerwonej oraz międzyplony ścierniskowe gorczycy białej i facelii błękitnej wpłynęły istotnie na zmniejszenie indeksu porażenia podstawy źdźbła i korzeni pszenicy jarej w porównaniu z kontrolą bez międzyplonów. Wskaźniki chorobowe w ocenianych obiektach uprawowych nie różniły się istotnie między sobą. Podstawa źdźbła i korzenie pszenicy jarej najczęściej były porażane przez grzyby z rodzaju Fusarium, z dominującym patogenicznym dla zbóż F. culmorum. W uprawie płużnej w porównaniu z konserwującą, nie stwierdzono występowania na podstawie źdźbła i korzeniach patogenicznego Bipolaris sorokiniana. Wsiewka międzyplonowa życicy westerwoldzkiej sprzyjała występowaniu F. culmorum, zarówno na podstawie źdźbła jak i korzeniach pszenicy jarej.

12

Tuber quality of edible potato fertilized with catch crops and barley straw

51%

Plaza A. , Ceglarek F.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska. Sectio E. Agricultura

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2009

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tom 64

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nr 3

13

The effect of soil extracts from a monoculture of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under different tillage systems on the germination of its seeds

51%

Kraska P.

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nr 1

EN

The present experiment was carried out in the period 2006–2008. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of aqueous soil extracts from the soil of a spring wheat monoculture on seed germination energy and capacity, the length of the first leaf and of the longest radicle as well as the number of radicles. Moreover, the content of 0-dihydroxyphenols in the soil was compared in the last year of the study. The soil used to prepare the solutions came from a field experiment established on medium heavy mixed rendzina soil. Spring wheat, cv. Zebra, was grown using plough tillage and two conservation tillage methods in the presence of undersown crops (red clover, Westerwolds ryegrass) and stubble crops (lacy phacelia, white mustard). Germination energy of the seeds watered with the soil extracts from the ploughed plots was significantly higher than this trait in the seeds watered with the extracts from the conservation tillage treatments with spring disking of the catch crops. Germination energy and capacity of spring wheat in the control treatment watered with distilled water were significantly higher compared to the other treatments under evaluation. Spring wheat watered with the aqueous extract prepared from the soil obtained from the plough tillage treatment produced a significantly longer first leaf compared to the treatments in which both conservation tillage methods had been used. The shortest leaf and the lowest number of radicles were produced by the seedlings watered with the soil extract from the treatment with the white clover stubble crop. Radicle length was not significantly differentiated by the soil extracts under consideration. The content of 0-dihydroxyphenols in the rendzina soil determined during the spring period was higher than that determined in the autumn. The content of 0-dihydroxyphenols in the soil was lower in the conservation tillage treatments with autumn incorporation of the catch crops than in the plots in which plough tillage and conservation tillage with spring disking of the catch crops had been used. The type of catch crop used did not have a significant effect on the soil content of these compounds. At the same time, it was found that the treatments in which the catch crops had been sown tended to have higher contents of these compounds compared to the plots without catch crops.

14

The effect of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) catch crop on content of selected components of nutritive value of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata (Sturtev.) L.H. Bailey)

51%

Zaniewicz-Bajkowska A. , Rosa R. , Kosterna E. , Franczuk J. , Buraczynska D.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2010

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tom 09

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nr 4

EN

Organic manuring have significant influence on the sweet corn growth. Important element of sweet corn agrotechny can be catch crops cultivated on the ploughing down. A field experiment was carried out at the Zawady Experimental Farm near Siedlce. There was investigated the effect of green manures applied as sunflower catch crops on changes in the content of dry matter, ascorbic acid, total sugars and monosaccharides in sweet corn . The sunflower was sown at three dates: the 21st of July, 4th of August and 18th of August. The effects of catch crop green manures was compared to the effect of farmyard manure (40 t·ha-1) and the control. Sweet corn cultivated in control and after catch crops sown on the 18th of August content more dry matter in kernels then cultivated after farmyard manure. Catch crops sown on the 21st of July and 18th of August reduced ascorbic acid content in corn compared to farmyard manure and the catch crop sown on the 4th of August. Sweet corn cultivated following farmyard manure and catch crops sown on the 21st of July and 4th of August had a higher content of total sugars compared with corn following the sunflower catch crop sown on the 18th of August. An average content of monosaccharides in sweet corn after sunflower catch crop sown on the 21st of July was higher than in corn cultivated following farmyard manure.

PL

Na wzrost kukurydzy cukrowej istotny wpływ ma nawożenie organiczne. Ważnym elementem jej agrotechniki mogą być rośliny międzyplonowe uprawiane na przyoranie. Eksperyment przeprowadzono w RSD w Zawadach k. Siedlec. Badano wpływ nawozów zielonych ze słonecznika wysiewanego 21 lipca, 4 i 18 sierpnia na zawartość suchej masy, kwasu askorbinowego, cukrów ogółem i redukujących w kukurydzy cukrowej. Efekty stosowania nawozów zielonych porównano z obornikiem (40 t·ha-1) oraz obiektem kontrolnym. Kukurydza uprawiana w kontroli i po międzyplonie posianym 18 sierpnia charakteryzowała się wyższą zawartością suchej masy w ziarniakach od uprawianej po oborniku. Uprawa kukurydzy po międzyplonach posianych 21 lipca i 18 sierpnia wpłynęła na spadek ilości kwasu askorbinowego w ziarniakach w stosunku do uprawy po oborniku i międzyplonie posianym 4 sierpnia. Kukurydza uprawiana po oborniku oraz międzyplonach posianych 21 lipca i 4 sierpnia charakteryzowała się wyższą zawartością cukrów ogółem od uprawianej po międzyplonie posianym 18 sierpnia. Zawartość cukrów redukujących w kukurydzy po międzyplonie posianym 21 lipca była wyższa niż po oborniku.

15

The secondary effect of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) catch crop in sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) cultivation

51%

Rosa R. , Zaniewicz-Bajkowska A. , Kosterna E. , Franczuk J.

Folia Horticulturae

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2010

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tom 22

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nr 2

16

Sideral fertilizers applied in the form of summer catch crops in the cultivation of white cabbage. Part III. Effect of fertilization with catch crops and straw as compared to farmyard manure and only mineral fertilization on the nutritive value of white cabbage

51%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Zaniewicz A. , Franczuk J. , Wadas W.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

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1994

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tom 41

17

Sideral fertilizers applied in the form of summer catch crops in the cultivation of white cabbage. Part IV. Effect of fertilization with catch crops on the soil moisture in their growth period and during the growth of white cabbage cultivated after them

51%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Zaniewicz A. , Franczuk J. , Wadas W.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

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1994

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tom 41

18

Fertilization value of papilionaceous plants in the cultivation of white cabbage and onion. II. Selected elements of nutritive value

51%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R. , Rosa R. , Zaniewicz-Bajkowska A.

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nr 2

19

Sideral fertilizers applied in the form of summer catch crops in the cultivation of white cabbage. Part II. Effect of the fertilization with catch crops, straw and mineral elements as compared to farmyard manure on yield of white cabbage

44%

Jablonska-Ceglarek R.

Scientific Papers. Series Vegetable Plants

|

1994

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tom 41