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Oxidative Aging Characterization of Pyro-Oil Modified Binders Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

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Bhagat N. T. , Hadole H. P. , Ranadive M. S.

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2023

tom Vol. 17, no 1

140--149

The numerous uses for plastics in various industries have led to an increase in its manufacturing on a global scale over time. The accumulation of plastic waste is a direct result of the daily rise in plastic demand. One of the effective and trending ways of reducing the impact of plastic waste on the environment is to pyrolyze it and use the oil obtained from it as fuel for power generation, heating, extraction of chemicals, or as an asphalt binder modifier. In this study, an attempt was made for the modification of asphalt binder with the oil obtained from plastic waste pyrolysis known as pyro-oil, and to analyse aging properties of the modified binder. This paper deals with the modification of VG30 binder with pyro-oil obtained from High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste and the analysing the effect of aging on the modified binders. Pyro-oil is yielded from the pyrolysis process of HDPE at about 750°C. The modified binders were prepared by adding 1%, 2%, and 3% pyro-oil by total weight of VG30. The effect of aging for the unmodified and modified binders was analyzed using fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The binders were short term aged and the changes in their chemical functionalities before and after aging were analyzed. Results of the FTIR test were used to calculate functional group indices for evaluating the aging characteristics of the modified binders. It was observed that binder chemistry is influenced by aging.

Mineral deposit formation in gas engines during combustion of biogas from landfills and municipal WWTP

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Konkol I. , Cebula J. , Bohdziewicz J. , Piotrowski K. , Sakiewicz P. , Piechaczek-Wereszczyńska M. , Cenian A.

2020

tom Vol. 27, nr 3

347--356

The biogas produced in municipal wastewater-treatment plants (WWTP) should be cleaned before it can be used as a fuel in internal combustion engines. Efficient running of such engines is possible only subject to using high quality biogas and lubricating oil. Otherwise, biogas impurities in course of complex chemical reactions may form deposits on various engine parts as well as seriously contaminate the lubricating oil. In this paper, mineral deposits containing high concentration of bismuth, silicon, sulphur, calcium and zinc are studied. Silicon deposits demonstrating strong friction properties are formed during combustion of volatile silica compounds. As these deposits build up, abrasion problems, ignition failure and even engine failure result. The bismuth containing deposits comes from bearings degradation, zinc and calcium were derived from the additives present in commercially available lubricating oil, while lead, aluminium, copper, nickel, iron and chromium were introduced by engine wear phenomena. The highest bismuth content was located at the engine cylinder heads and the lowest at the exhaust elements, whereas highest calcium content was registered on the pistons. Silicon containing deposits are highest in the exhaust and lowest at the engine head. Zinc deposits are highest at the piston.