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Content available remote Phlegmon of the Foot As A Camel Bite Complication
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EN
The great popularity of foreign excursions and travel in exotic directions, as well as increasing popularity of breeding exotic animals at home, is evidence that in daily practice one may observe injuries inflicted by animals atypically occurring in Poland. The study presented and described a rare case of a patient attacked by a camel living in an agro-tourism farm in our country. Thanks to the combination of surgical and conservative treatment complete wound healing was observed, including the skin grafts, with preserved motor function of the foot.
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EN
The goal of present work was to investigate wool quality of camels breeding in the Tunisian part of Sahara Desert. The study was carried out with 10 camel males at the age of three years. The samples of wool were taken from the left mid-side of a shoulder. Due to the low regrowth rate of wool, the samples were not split into the external and internal fractions before a measurement. The individual fibers were classified into three groups: 1) fibers with continuous medulla, 2) fibers with intermittent medulla, 3) fibers without medulla. Then the percentage of each type of fibers was evaluated. Thickness measurement was made using the microprojection method according to Polish Standard PN-72/ /P-04900. At least 600 fibers were measured in each sample. The high fraction of hair from the core constant rate of 78% wool with a thickness of up to 48 |im, and the hair thickness variation of 47% be attributed to the roughness of the wool. The wool of the camels under study should be used for the production of carpets and handicrafts. The occurrence of continuous core both in the thin and thick fibers confirmed the adaptation of camels to a large diurnal temperature variation, as in llamas and alpacas.
PL
Jakość wełny wielbłądów utrzymywanych na obszarze tunezyjskiej Sahary. Analizie poddano wełnę pochodzącą od10 wielbłądów utrzymywanych na obszarze tunezyjskiej Sahary. Próby pobrano z boku za łopatką od samców w wieku 3 lat. Ze względu na mały odrost wełny pomiary zostały przeprowadzone na całym zespole włosowym, nie rozdzielano włókien na frakcję zewnętrzną i wewnętrzną. W trakcie pomiarów grubości poszczególne włókna klasyfikowano do 3 grup: 1) włókna o rdzeniu ciągłym; 2) włókna 0 rdzeniu przerywanym; 3) włókna bez rdzenia. Pomiar grubości dokonywany był metodą projekcyjną za pomocą lanametru na wyodrębnionej frakcji (pęczku). Obliczono procentowy udziału włosów rdzeniowych, bezrdzeniowych i z rdzeniem przerywanym występujących w badanych próbkach. Bardzo duży udział włosów z rdzeniem ciągłym, wynoszący 78% przy grubości wełny dochodzącej do 48 um i zmienności grubości włosów wynoszącej 47%, może świadczyć o szorstkości wełny. Wełna badanych wielbłądów powinna być wykorzystywana do produkcji dywanów 1 rękodzieła ludowego. Występowanie rdzenia ciągłego zarówno we włosach cienkich, jak i grubych wskazuje na przystosowanie do dużej dobowej zmienności temperatury, podobnie jak u lamy i alpaki.
EN
Milk is an important ingredient in our diet as it is very good source of calcium. This study was carried out to investigate the chemical components of milk samples collected from cow, camel and goat in Yobe State, Nigeria. Chemical components as moisture content, dry matter and ash content were determined. The generated data show that goat milk has the highest moisture content (88.41 ±0.20) and ash content (0.75 ±0.01), while Camel milk has lowest moisture content (84.73 ±0.22) and ash content. Dry matter is highest in camel milk (15.27 ±0.22) and lowest in goat milk (11.59 ±0.20).
EN
The basic questions posed in the article were: what characteristics caused Arabs to be perceived by the elites of the Neo-Assyrian Empire as strangers, and whether such classification resulted in their treatment differently from other peoples? Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions and correspondence with the court were analysed to answer these questions. On this basis, three features that together are unique only to Arabs were distinguished: nomadism, camel farming and the presence of queens. These traits are unique to Arabs, so they are strangers par excellence from Assyria’s perspective. Interestingly, these features generally do not result in exceptional treatment. Only in a situation of conflict and defeat of the Arabs can one perceive their specific treatment, marked by exceptional cruelty even for Assyrians. For example, mainly Arab rulers were chained along with wild animals to the gates of the Assyrian capital. Moreover, only Arab women were subjected to tearing unborn children out of their wombs. This shows that Arabs were treated as half-humans against whom the most heinous crimes could be committed because Assyrians were not bound by the standards applicable to other peoples.
EN
The variation between different Egyptian milk species (cows, buffaloes, sheep, goat and camel) in microstructure, shape, size and volume distribution as well as rheological properties, of fat globules was determined. Milk samples were scanned with SEM. The electron micrographs obtained were analyzed using an image analysis computer program. Results showed fat globules of different milk species as an oval shape in a regularity of spatial arrangement and encased in a lipoprotein membrane. Fat globules of different species vary considerably in diameter from those <1 µm to ~18 µm. Buffalo’s globules were the greatest in size (8.7 µm), whereas close size values were found between cow and sheep globules (3.78 and 3.76 µm) as well as goat and camel globules (3.2 and 2.99 µm). On the contrary, the size of buffalo fat globules ranging from 0.1-4.0 µm was obviously less (23.0%) than that of camel (80.6%), goat (73.3%), cow (68.4%) and sheep (55.3%). Fat globules exhibited different patterns according to their sizes and milk type. Small globules, as in camel’s milk, were less spherical than the large ones, as in buffalo’s milk (at α=0.05). An inverse proportional relationship (r=-0.8) was found between spherical diameter and compactness. Most of the fat globules in buffalo’s, cow’s and goat’s milks oriented with obtuse angle, while those for sheep’s and camel’s milks oriented with acute angles. Changes in distribution of fat globules volume, perimeter, surface area, width and length were similar to that of size and significantly (p<0.001) affected by milk species.
EN
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO) activity was measured spectrophotometrically using benzylamine as a substrate, in the serum of healthy males and females of horses, camels, cattle, sheep and goats. The animals were born and raised in the same area, and the blood collection was made on the same day to avoid variations. Also the concentrations of protein and copper were measured in the same samples. There were no significant gender-related differences in SSAO activity between the tested animals regardless of species. Activities of SSAO in either male or female of horse were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the remaining tested animals. The highest activities (expressed as μmole of benzaldehyde production/mg protein/hr) were found in horses (9.592 and 9.458), followed by camels (3.226 and 2.407), cattle (1.014 and 1.648), goat (0.750 and 0.572) and sheep (0.435 and 0.244). Insignificant higher activities of SSAO were noted in all males of the tested animals compared to that in females except in cattle. The results suggest that horses are endowed with a very high activity of this enzyme amounting to 3-21 times higher than that found in large and small ruminants. There were no significant differences between the levels of protein and copper in either sex of all the tested species.
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