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Evaluation of the effectiveness of the monitoring methods in the aspect of the population and distribution of the brown bear (Ursus arctos)

100%

Wielogorska K. , Gruszczynska J.

2019

tom 18

nr 4

Brown bear Ursus arctos predation on livestock in the Cantabrian Mountains, Spain

100%

Clevenger A. P. , Campos M. A. , Hartasanchez A.

tom 39

nr 3

The sites of 87 brown bear Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 attacks on livestock (horses, cattle, sheep, goats) were investigated in the Cantabrian Mountains, Spain. Ninety percent of livestock predation occurred between May and October, while attacks were most frequent during the months of May and July. There was no difference in overall attack rates between the first and second part of the year, nor among livestock type or age-class. Bears were not selective predators of livestock type or age-class, but had a slight tendency to attack more cattle and adult animals. Bear tracks and scats were found at slightly more than half of the sites visited, while bed construction and food-caching behaviour was rarely detected. Attacks were initiated most times on the neck and the head region. Muscle tissue and soft organs were most preferred body parts consumed by brown bears.

Evidence of non-hibernation in Cantabrian brown bears

84%

Nores C. , Ballesteros F. , Blanco J. C. , Garcia-Serrano A. , Herrero J. , Palomero G.

nr 3

203-209

Evidence of non-hibernation in brown bears Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758 on the Iberian Peninsula has existed since the Middle Ages. We systematically monitored brown bears in the Cantabrian Mountains (Northern Spain) by recording tracks and sightings from 1998 to 2007 to document hibernation behaviour. Our results indicate that females with yearlings and solitary yearlings were more active in winter than bears over two years old. Intensive snow tracking and direct observations of five family groups indicated that they travelled, fed and defecated in winter, which are activities not compatible with the physiological state of hibernation. Also, based on tracking data, the maximum period between two consecutive locations of active family groups in winter was less than that needed by bears to emerge from a state of hibernation (6 days). We conclude that the family groups which we monitored in winter did not hibernate.

Large carnivores in the Carpathian Mountains: status and conservation problems

84%

Okarma H. , Dovchanych Y. , Findo S. , Ionescu O. , Koubek P. , Szemethy L.

tom 59

33-39

Sequencing mtDNA of the cave bear Ursus spelaeus from the Bavarian Alps is feasible by nested and touchdown PCR

67%

Kuhn R. , Schroder W. , Rottmann O.

nr 1

Ancient DNA from bones of the extinct Ursus spelaeus Rosamueller et Hainroth, 1794 found in the Bavarian Alps has been amplified by PCR. Two out of five samples yielded a distinct band of 135 bp originating from the mtDNA control region. A combination of nested and touchdown PCR supported the amplification. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences revealed four transitions compared to the French cave bear sequence, the only cave bear data known so far (Genbank database X80259, AF121779). The consensus distant matrix tree clustered the two cave bears next to the brown bear Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758.