Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Kadlub na odlievanie záveskov z Tekovských Lužian

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Bartík J. , Čambal R. , Ozdín D.

Zborník Slovenského národného múzea Archeológia

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2023

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nr 117

25-35

EN

The contribution presents a casting mould made of greywacke sandstone for spear-shaped pendants, found in Tekovské Lužany on the surface of a low plateau. The artefact analysis and regional spread of archaeological cultures suggest that the mould was created in the Middle or Late Bronze Age.

2

Przemiany osadnicze w międzyrzeczu rzek Szkło i Lubaczówki w epoce brązu i wczesnej epoce żelaza

100%

Jabłkowska A.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2020

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nr 41

71-94

EN

The article is a settlement and culture study, in which, after collecting all available sources and their chronological verification, a deep analysis of habitat preferences was carried out in individual cultural units in the area of the Szkło and Lubaczówka rivers in the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. The research performed on settlement and culture study aims to show new results and fill the gap existing in the literature within the San basin in terms of understanding the cultural and settlement variability in the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age (other neighbouring mesoregions already have such studies).

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Determination of usage and absolute chronology of a pit feature at the Early Bronze I Ashkelon Marina, Israel, archaeological site

88%

Godfrey-Smith D. I. , Shalev S.

Geochronometria

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2002

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tom Vol. 21

163-166

EN

A study of the luminescence properties of one of several pit features removed from the Ashkelon Marina EB1 (Early Bronze I) archaeological site during a 1998 excavation unequivocally determines their function in antiquity. The features are shallow (Ł 50 cm) cup-shaped pits preserved in the ground. A hardened and reddened layer of earth Ł 3cm thick forms the shape of each pit, and a thin layer of white calcite is observed to lie upon the hardened earth. The pit is filled with soft buff coloured, quartz-dominated sediments, indistinguishable from the sediments which underlie it. This feature, and several others at the site, are suspected to be putative fire pit installations, over which crucibles for the melting of copper had been placed. However, the lack of any direct association of copper residues or artifacts found at the site with any of the pit features leaves this hypothesis unproven. Previous investigations, which included X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, optical mineralogy studies, and FT-IR spectral measurements, have been unable to confirm the association of the pit features with fire. Calibrated radiocarbon dates place the use of the site at 5500-5300 BP. We applied optical dating and thermoluminescence (TL) dating to the hardened red layer and the overlying fill sediments, in order to determine the last time of firing and/or exposure to sunlight of the two components of the feature. The premise driving our investigations is the fact that heated sediments will give the correct TL age. In contrast, unheated sediments will give an incorrect TL age far in excess of the depositional age, but will give a correct optical dating age. The TL analyses yielded ages of 5160 š380 years for the hardened rim and 24,600 š1600 years for the fill. Optical dating of the fill yielded an age of 5260 š380 years, which is in excellent agreement with the TL age on the rim. These results fulfil the hypothesized results precisely. On this basis, we conclude that the pit features at the Ashkelon Marina archaeological site were fire pits used in early copper smelting technology.

4

Teoria centrum-peryferii Immanuela Wallersteina i jej recepcja w archeologii. Studium przypadku: egejski system-świat w epoce brązu

88%

Ciesielska A.

Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia

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2017

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tom 22

9-28

PL

This paper present the work of Nick Kardulias concerning the Egean World – System In the Bronze Age. It is paradoxical that the application of the Wallerstein’s model is the most popular and the most useful in Bronze Age studies. In the current article I assess the Kardulias’ work, his worldsystems approach to Aegean societies in the third and second millennia BC. He writes that ] in this era of the studied area societies developed complex economies based on accumulation of substantial agricultural surpluses, craft specialization, and intricate distribution systems.

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Dwa zabytki brązowe z południowo-wschodniej Lubelszczyzny

88%

Kłosińska E. M.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2020

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nr 41

159-164

EN

The article describes two bronze artefacts discovered without context in the Lublin region. The first one is a fragment of a knife blade found in Kornie. This item can be associated with the onset of the Lusatian culture. The second artefact, the cheekpiece of the Kamyševach type, probably comes from the Carpathian Basin from the Thraco-Cimmerian environment in the late Bronze Age.

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Oznaczenia radiowęglowe zbiorowych grobów ciałopalnych trzcinieckiego kręgu kulturowego z Polski Środkowej

88%

Muzolf P.

Materiały i Sprawozdania Rzeszowskiego Ośrodka Archeologicznego

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2020

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nr 41

57-70

EN

The article presents new radiocarbon determinations obtained for collective graves from the Trzciniec cultural circle (TCC) in Central Poland. The dated graves were associated with the Konstantynów group and belong to the late phase of the TCC. As a result of the research carried out on this form of burial, it was possible to distinguish two types of graves and locate their concentrations in Central Poland in the zone where the materials of the Konstantynów group occur. The established dates, together with the technological and stylistic analysis of ceramic materials, make it possible to determine two time horizons in the late phase of the Trzciniec culture circle.

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Praveké a včasnodejinné výšinné lokality v Dlhej nad Oravou a v Komjatnej

88%

Lofajová Danielová B. , Furman M.

Zborník Slovenského národného múzea Archeológia

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2023

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nr 117

81-113

EN

This paper shows the results of the archaeological survey (incl. metal detector prospection) of newly discovered hillside settlements in Dlhá nad Oravou, site Banský (district of Dolný Kubín) and in Komjatná, site Hlavačka (district of Ružomberok). In both sites, we have documented a cultural layer with ceramic finds and we have discovered several metal objects. The Dlhá site was quite probably continuously used from the Late Bronze Age (or end of the Younger Bronze Age) up to the final stage of the Hallstatt period (or the beginning of the La Tène period). Consequently, we have unequivocally confirmed the settlement in the period of the Púchov culture in LTC2–LTD. The Hlavačka site in Komjatná was inhabited only in the period of the Púchov culture (in its La Tène phase). The description of both sites complements the knowledge about the Orava prehistoric and protohistoric settlement. The Dlhá nad Oravou site is the first archaeological location in the concerned cadastre.

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Some new 14C data to the bronze age in the Slovakia

75%

Görsdorf J. , Marková K. , Furmánek V.

Geochronometria

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2004

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tom Vol. 23

79-91

EN

The data come from samples from the archaeological site Včelince (Slovakia). It is a settlement of a multicultural character. The stratigraphy of the layers VII .I assigns chronological sequence: the Hatvan culture, Hatvan-Otomani Horizon of the Hatvan culture, Otomani/Füzesabony culture circle, the Koszider Horizon, Piliny culture. There were applied animal bones for the samples of 14C. They came from the pits as well as from the layers dated by typology, horizontal and vertical stratigraphy. The 14C data confirm the chronological order indicated by the stratigraphical observations in the site. It is the very first 14C measurement in the case of the Hatvan culture in Slovakia. Mesurment of the earliest layer of the Hatvan culture in Včelince provides the data (Bln 5560: 3710š38 BP) which is comparable with the data of the earliest Hatvan culture in Hungary. A part of the teritory of Slovakia can not be excluded from the process of its origin also in spite of the data mentioned above. As the dates are coming from tratigraphically and typologically clearly defined contexts, they are of high importance for the Bronze Age archaeology of the region.

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New finds of antler cheekpieces and horse burials from the Trzciniec Culture in the territory of western Little Poland.

75%

Przybyła M. M.

Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia

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2020

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tom 15

103-138

EN

The subject of this paper are the new discoveries of antler cheekpieces of horse harness at Trzciniec Culture sites in Morawianki, Miechów and Jakuszowice (Little Poland, Poland). It also addresses the issue of double horse burials being parts of sepulchral complexes, with barrows at their centres. The article tackles the problem of the occurrence of such burials and cheekpieces in the Danubian regions, the steppe zone of Eastern Europe and in the territory of Greece. It also considers the function of cheekpieces, as parts of horse gear used for harnessing a horse to a chariot

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Skarb przedmiotów brązowych odkryty w Słupsku, pow. loco

75%

Rembisz-Lubiejewska A.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2015

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tom LXVI

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nr 66

318-320

EN

The group deposit recovered in autumn of 2013 in an arable field in Gdańska street in Słupsk (Fig. 1) includes three fragments of a brooch, a chisel and two sickles (Fig. 2). Brooches with two oval, slightly domed, undecorated plates (Fig. 2:1) are classified to the type alte Plattenfibel. During Bronze Age period V double-plate two part brooches are the most widespread in Western and Middle Pomerania, and in central Mecklenburg, where they start being manufactured, presumably as a result of Nordic influences (Z. Bukowski 1998, p. 339). Chisels with a round-sectioned socket and a narrow blade (Fig. 2:2) date to Bronze Age periods IV and V (Z. Bukowski 1998, p. 314–315). Due to the similarity of the form of specimens recovered in Pomerania, Greater Poland and Mecklenburg, the provenance and typological position of these chisels cannot be established and they must be regarded as local (E. Sprockhoff 1956, p. 101; Z. Bukowski 1998, p. 314). Bronze sickles (Fig. 2:3.4) are simple forms with an integral rivet on the handle. Almost all of these specimens have been found in hoards dating to Bronze Age period V. In Pomerania chisels of this type are recorded in the Odra estuary and in the belt extending between Koszalin and Puck (M. Gedl 1995, pl. 44B; Z. Bukowski 1998, p. 327). This range suggests a local provenance of these sickles, leading to their classification as Pomeranian type (J. Kostrzewski 1958, p. 150, 356, lists 42, 43). In the earlier literature group deposits of damaged objects used to be interpreted as hoards of itinerant bronzesmiths, their occurrence mostly linked to the reduced influx of raw bronze at the end of Bronze Age period IV and to the hoarding of bronze scrap for recasting (J. Kostrzewski 1953, p. 201). However, it is also possible that the deposition of damaged objects was a form of hoarding goods by their owners, rather than their makers. The aim of ritually destroying and disposing of these objects may have been dictated by the wish to sustain, or to acquire, a suitable social rank (R. Bradley 1990, p. 145; Z. Bukowski 1998, p. 257, 264; W. Blajer 2001, p. 288; A. Rembisz 2009, p. 24).

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Próba interpretacji wyników analizy składu chemicznego pod kątem lokalizacji odlewów z epoki brązu z wykorzystaniem "odwzorowania Sammona"

51%

Sałat R. , Krokosz J.

Odlewnictwo - Nauka i Praktyka

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2004

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tom R. 6, nr 1

23-31

PL

Wskazano możliwości w zakresie zastosowania współczesnej techniki komputerowej do interpretacji wyników analizy składu chemicznego odlewów z epoki brązu pod kątem ich lokalizacji, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem rzutowania z przestrzeni wielowymiarowej w przestrzeń dwu i trójwymiarową z wykorzystaniem "odwzorowania Sammona". Przytoczono teoretyczne podstawy tego elementu sieci neuronowej. Opisano metodykę badań i stwierdzono, że wykorzystane oprogramowanie daje szerokie możliwości w tym zakresie. Ocena wyników badań jest bardzo precyzyjna i może być zastosowana w innych dziedzinach zajmujących się badaniami, wszędzie tam, gdzie duża ilość wyników jest trudna do interpretacji metodami klasycznymi. Przytoczony przykład potwierdza tezę, że sztuczne sieci neuronowe /w tym przypadku "odwzorowanie Sammona" / z powodzeniem mogą być wykorzystane w tych przypadkach, gdzie ludzki umysł ma problemy z właściwą oceną dużej ilości danych oraz z ich prawidłowym i jednoznacznym przetworzeniem dla obserwatora.

EN

The following paper presents modem possibilities of interpretation of chemical analysis of castings made in the Bronze Age and their localization using current computer techniques. By means of Sammon mapping we attempted to project the data from the multi-dimensional space into two- or three-dimensional ones. A theoretical basis for this type of neural network, as well as the used methods are described below. The applied software has proven to offer wide possibilities in this respect. The obtained results are accurate, which suggests that this method can also be used in those fields of science where classical methods of data interpretation are not sufficient for a large number of collected parameters. We conclude: the presented example supports the thesis that the artificial neural network (i.e. Sammon mapping) can be a good tool for the proper data interpretation, as well as their processing for the observer.

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Wykonanie rekonstrukcji odlewanej bransolety z epoki brązu

51%

Wildhirt E. , Garbacz-Klempka A. , Żak P. L. , Stolarczyk T. , Długosz P.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2013

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tom Vol. 13, iss. 3 spec.

185--190

PL

W epoce brązu ozdoby, drobne wyroby artystyczne wykonywano metodą wytapianych modeli. Biżuteria miała funkcję użytkową i estetyczną, ale także świadczyła o statusie społecznym i bogactwie, była oznaką władzy oraz produktem wymiany na inny towar. Celem artykułu jest omówienie zagadnień związanych z wykonaniem odlewu zrekonstruowanej bransolety z epoki brązu. Analizie poddano proces wykonania odlewów w epoce brązu oraz porównano go ze współczesnymi metodami odlewania. Zaprezentowano projekt, model wykonany dzięki inżynierii odwrotnej oraz przedstawiono gotowy odlew odtworzonej bransolety z epoki brązu z użyciem metody wytapianych modeli. Podczas wykonywania bransolety wykorzystano metodę szybkiego prototypowania. Podstawą rekonstrukcji były oryginalne zabytkowe fragmenty form odlewniczych z epoki brązu pozyskane w wyniku współpracy Wydziału Odlewnictwa AGH z Muzeum Miedzi w Legnicy. Przeprowadzone badania mikroskopowe i defektoskopowe umożliwiły dokładne poznanie technologii oraz umożliwiły wykonanie bransolety, m.in. zrobienie pomiarów, które następnie posłużyły do wykonania trójwymiarowej rekonstrukcji gotowego wyrobu. W efekcie otrzymano odlane bransolety z brązu, które przybliżają kształty ozdób produkowanych w epoce brązu.

EN

In the Bronze Age ornaments, fine art products made by Lost Wax. It had jewelry and aesthetic function, but also the supply of social status and wealth, was a sign of power and Exchange product to another product. The purpose of the article is to discuss issues related to the implementation of the newly refurbished casting bracelets to the bronze age. The implementation process were analysed castings in bronze and compares it with the modern methods of casting. To learn the design, made by reverse engineering and are ready to cast the bronze bracelets recorded using the Lost Wax method. During the execution of the bracelets rapid prototyping method. The basis for the reconstruction of the former original antique molds fragments of bronze age obtained as a result of the cooperation of the Faculty of Foundry Engineering with the Museum of Copper in Legnica. Microscopic and defectoscopic examination have made it possible for accurate knowledge technology and have made it possible to make bracelets, make the measurements, which are then used to perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the finished product. As a result, received ready cast bracelet, events that approximate the shapes of ornaments produced in the Bronze Age.

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Gabinet zabytków w Instytucie Archeologii UMK : małe muzeum

51%

Połeć H. , Raś M.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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tom Vol. 67, nr 8

678--680

EN

In the Archaeology Institute of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń there is a room fitted with a interesting way. The cabinet of relics is a unique scientific idea of presenting objects that were acquired during excavations. In the cabinet there are numerous gathered relics that were found in the Polish land. The oldest are dated to 100 000years. The objects were made of different materials, including wood, metal, or antlers, bones and clay.

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Badania "Skarbu" z Roska: odlewy kultu czy ukryty majątek odlewnika z epoki brązu

51%

Machajewski H. , Sałat R. , Warmuzek M. , Kozakowski S. , Krokosz J.

Odlewnictwo - Nauka i Praktyka

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2005

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tom R. 7, nr 2

73-83

PL

Przedstawiono fakty związane z odkryciem " Skarbu " z Roska k. Wielenia i dokonano wstępnej analizy warunków odlania tych odlewów. Omówiono badania wytypowanych odlewów ważne z punktu widzenia ich jakości. Przeprowadzono badania radiograficzne, badania składu chemicznego z uwzględnieniem klasyfikacji za pomocą sztucznej sieci neuronowej, tj. odwzorowania Sammona, badania metalograficzne i za pomocą mikroskopu skaningowego oraz opracowano wnioski.

EN

The facts connected with the discovery of the "Treasure " from Roska near Wielen are presented and the initial analysis of the conditions of pouring those castings has been made. Examinations of the selected castings important from the point of view of their quality have been carried out. Those were the following examinations: radiography, chemical composition including classification by means of artificilal neural network (Sammon mapping), metallography and SEM. Finally the relevant conclusions have been drawn.