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Articulatory Motor Skills, Physical Status and Efficiency of Respiratory Muscles in Children with Speech Impediments

100%

Zwierzchowska A. , Bieńkowska K. I. , Jurczak P.

nr 1

5-19

The analysis of current research in the aspect of neurophysiological processes and development of speech functions shows that there is a relationship between the general physical status of a child and his or her perception of their body. This concerns especially the functions in the area of fine and gross motor skills, and speech sound production. This research represents the continuation of theoretical considerations on the importance of body perception, integration and sensorimotor coordination in the context of the development of realization efficiency. The aim of the study was to evaluate the differences and relationships between physical status, the functional efficiency of respiratory muscles and articulatory motor skills in children with severe and profound hearing impairments (n = 17) after cochlear implantation compared to hearing children with speech impediments (n = 29). All the participants were subjected to speech therapy at the Centre for Diagnostics, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Hearing, Voice and Speech Disorders in the John Paul II Provincial Hospital of Podkarpacie in Krosno. The presented results confirmed that the motor skills of respiratory muscles expressed in their functional efficiency combined with the changing physical status have an effect on the state of articulation, regardless of the etiopathogenesis of possible defects in this field. Therefore, the search for optimal methods of speech therapy in the field of speech impediments should include exercises integrated with respiratory muscle improvement to develop coordination motor skills. Efficient and strong respiratory muscles are an essential part of the speech executive organ which is involved in speech sound production.

КОРЕКЦІЙНО-РОЗВИВАЛЬНА МЕТОДИКА ПОДОЛАННЯ ЗАЇКАННЯ У ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ

86%

Кравченко А. , Харченко А.

nr 5(59)

388-394

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of relevant publications and current speech therapy techniques and programs in the context of the research problem; describes the main stages of the experimental research, the purpose of which was to develop and test the effectiveness of remedial and developmental techniques, oriented to overcome stuttering in preschool age children. The methodological basis of the study were the fundamental principles of psychology, neuropsychology and speech therapy place of speech in psycho-pedagogical process, about brain organization of speech process, as well as modern scientific views about the structure of the speech defect of children with stuttering. The system of correction of stuttering in preschool children included complex correctional and developmental tools (breathing exercises, articulation exercises, logarithmic, acupressure in combination with traditional speech therapy sessions), designed to relieve tension of the muscles of the vocal apparatus, the formation of skills of correct breathing skills and a smooth and rhythmic speech by imitation. The developed method showed high efficiency in overcoming the designated speech pathology and approximated the functional state of different components of speech norms: leveled speech breathing, steadied the pace and rhythm of speech, there have been shifts in overcoming laryngospasm; however, there were marked positive changes in the mood of children and the growth of motivation of pre-school children for visiting the speech therapy practice – that can recommend the correctional and developing technique for application in practice of individual and group work with stuttering children in preschool and special educational institutions, health care institutions and rehabilitation centers. In addition, theoretical development of the technique can be used to educate speech therapists, preschool educational institutions teachers and parents of stuttering children. Our research does not exhaust the problem solving, a complex negotiation of stuttering in preschool age children. It can be continued in the direction of studying the peculiarities of stuttering correction in primary school age children.