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1
Content available Growth, adaptation and aging of the skeletal system
100%
Weinans H.
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
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1999
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tom nr 3
729-741
EN
Our skeletal system requires a certain amount of maintenance in order to withstand the external loading appropriately for a long period. This maintenance is performed by specializae cells; i.e., osteoclasts and osteoblasts, which continuously resorb and rebuild the bony matrix in small packages. It is presently not known how these cells are being signalled such that they undertake appropriate actions and resorb damaged (weak) bone and replace it with a new. It is well recognized that mechanical loading has an important effect on the cellular events. Mechanical load distribution in bony structures can be calculated using the finite element method. In addition, the effects on growth, adaptation and degeneration due to this loading can be incorporated into these models as well. That gives the opportunity to study the interaction between biological and mechanical aspects in bone tissue. In this study a few examples of such an interaction are simulated numerically and their biological or clinical consequences are discussed.
PL
Nasz układ kostny, aby dobrze znosić przez pewien czas obciążenia zewnętrzne, wymaga pewnej dozy podtrzymywania. Podtrzymywanie to przeprowadzane jest przez pewne wyspecjalizowane komórki, tzn. komórki kościogubne (osteoklasty) i komórki kościotwórcze (osteoblasty). Komórki te w małych porcjach ciągle wchłaniają i przebudowują substancję międzykomórkową. Aktualnie nie wiadomo jak te komórki otrzymują sygnały nakazujące podjęcie odpowiednich działań, wchłania uszkodzonej (słabej) kości i zastępowania jej nową tkanką kostną. Uważa się, że obciążenie mechaniczne odgrywa ważną rolę w zdarzeniach komórkowych. Rozkład obciążeń mechanicznych w strukturach kostnych można wyznaczyć przy zastosowaniu metody elementów skończonych. W tych modelach może być ponadto uwzględniony wpływ na wzrost, przystosowanie i degenerację wywołaną obciążeniem. Daje to możliwość badania interakcji pomiędzy aspektami biologicznymi i mechanicznymi w tkance kostnej. W niniejszej pracy podano kilka przykładów symulacji numerycznej takiej interakcji oraz przedyskutowano konsekwencje biologiczne czyli kliniczne.
2
Content available remote A mathematical model of bone remodelling under overload and its application to evaluation of bone resorption around dental implants
100%
Tanaka E. , Yamamoto S. , Nishida T. , Aoki Y.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
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1999
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tom Vol. 1, nr 1
117-121
EN
This paper deals with the formulation of a mathematical mosel allowing us to describe mechanical bone remodelling process and rapid bone resorption under overload. For this purpose, physiological signal transmission processes of remodelling from mechanical stimuli to the change of bone density are described by n +1 sequential evolution equations with n+1 macroscopic internal state variables. In the normal physiological situation, the value of internal variable K-th step approaches the value of the variable in the (k-1)-th step, but under overload conditions the target value in the k-th step reduces to a value much smaller that in the normal situation, which represents the loss of physiological balance. The value of the internal variable in the last step specifies the balance level of bone density. The simulation results showed that this model could describe a timedependent process of bone remodelling inclusing bone resorption. Finally, the proposed model was applied to problems of bone resorption around artificial implants. The simulation results predicted the bone resorption qualitatively.
3
Content available The effect of chronic exercise on a biomarker of bone resorption in healthy adults
100%
Yusni Y. , Rahman S.
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
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2019
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nr 3
270-276
XX
Background. Long-term exercise contributes to the inhibition of osteoblast cell activity and to the decrease of bone resorption. Objectives. The research objective was to analyze the chronic effect of regular, long-term physical activity and physical inactivity on carboxyterminal collagen cross-linking telopeptide levels (CTx) and calcium levels in healthy adults. Material and methods. This study was a prospective cohort study. Fifty-four men and women, aged 17–26 years, were divided into 2 groups of 27 people each: exercise and non-exercise. This research was carried out from April 2015 to April 2016 at the Faculty of Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Aceh, Indonesia. Bone resorption can be determined by measuring the carboxyterminal cross-linking telopeptide of collagen (CTx). The data were analyzed using Student’s t-test and regression correlation analysis with a significance level of 5%. Results. The highest levels of CTx were found in the non-exercise group; the lowest levels of CTx were in the exercise group (1.6 ng/mL and 0.30 ng/mL, respectively). This difference in CTx levels between groups was statistically significant (0.52 ± 0.22 ng/mL vs 0.72 ± 0.28 ng/mL; p = 0.005). Calcium was significantly higher in the exercise group than in the non-exercise one (9.67 ± 0.30 vs 9.01 ± 0.21 mg/dl; p = 0.006). There was a negative correlation between calcium levels and CTx in the exercise group (r = 0.038; p = 0.001). Conclusions. Regular exercise led to lower CTx levels and increased calcium levels. The increase in calcium is an effect of the decrease in CTx in healthy adults. Regular exercise decreases bone resorption and increases bone calcium
4
Are chondroclasts and osteoclasts identical?
63%
Wlodarski K. H. , Brodzikowska A. , Kuzaka B.
Folia Biologica
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2014
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tom 62
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nr 2
5
Content available remote Influence of the implant cervical topography on the crestal bone resorption and immediate implant survival
63%
Heinemann F. , Bourauel C. , Hasan I. , Gedrange T.
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tom 60
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nr 8
99-105
6
Bone as a source of organism vitality and regeneration
51%
Mackiewicz Z. , Niklinska W. E. , Kowalewska J. , Chyczewski L.
Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
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2011
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tom 49
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nr 4
7
The influence of caffeine on the biomechanical properties of bone tissue during pregnancy in a population of rats
51%
Olchowik G. , Chadaj-Polberg E. , Tomaszewski M. , Polberg M. , Tomaszewska M.
Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
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2011
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tom 49
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nr 3
8
Content available remote Antiinflammatory effect of BPC 157 on experimental periodontitis in rats
51%
Keremi B. , Lohinai Z. , Komora P. , Duhaj S. , Borsi K. , Jobbagy-Ovari G. , Kallo K. , Szekely A. D. , Fazekas A. , Dobo-Nagy C. , Sikiric P. , Varga G.
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tom 60
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nr 7
9
Effect of estrogen replacement therapy on serum cytokines [Il-1alpha,Il-6, TNF-alpha] in overiectomized rats
51%
Rahnama M. , Tomaszewski T. , Swiatkowski W.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
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2002
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tom 46
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nr 2
10
Novel model of stimulation of periosteal osteogenesis and of perichondreal chondrogenesis by oncogenic virus Mu-MSV and its application in bone research
38%
Wlodarski K. H. , Wlodarski P. K. , Luczak M. , Galus K.
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tom 42
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nr 3
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