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EN
In the paper, the problem concerning the numerical modeling of thermal processes in the domain of a biological tissue being in thermal contact with the environment is discussed. The changing ambient temperature causes that the non-steady heat transfer process is con- sidered. The cross-section of the forearm (2D problem) is treated as a non-homogeneous domain in which the sub-domains of skin tissue, fat, muscle and bone are distinguished. From the mathematical point of view, the boundary-initial problem described by the system of energy equations (the Pennes equations), boundary conditions on the external surface of the system, boundary conditions on the surfaces limiting the successive sub-domains and the initial condition is analyzed. At the stage of numerical computations, the Control Volume Method using the Voronoi polygons is applied. In the final part of the paper, examples of computations are shown.
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tom Vol. 69, nr 4-5
389--407
EN
The modeling of bioheat transfer process described by the dual-phase lag equation is considered. The basic equation is supplemented by the appropriate boundary-initial conditions. In the central part of the cylindrical domain the heated sub-domain is located. In this region the additional component determining the capacity of an internal heat source is taken into account. At the stage of numerical computations the generalized finite difference method (GFDM) is used. The GFDM nodes distribution is generated in a random way (with some limitations). The examples of computations for different nodes distribution and comparison with the classical finite difference method are presented. In the final part of the paper the conclusions are formulated.
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88%
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tom Vol. 7, nr 1
57-62
EN
The temperature distribution in the tissue subjected to a flash fire is dependent, first of all on its thermophysical parameters. In particular, the blood perfusion coefficient is dependent on the degree of tissue necrosis described by tissue injury integral. In the paper a bioheat model basing on the Pennes equation and the Arrhenius scheme is presented. .
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75%
EN
Up to the present, the models describing temperature distribution in the biological tissue as a rule based on the Pennes bioheat transfer equation. Taking into account the nonhomogeneous inner structure of tissue the heat conduction proceeding in this domain should be described by the hyperbolic equation. In the paper the algorithm of numerical solution of hyperbolic heat conduction equation is presented. The explicit variant of finite differences method is applied and the results of computations are shown.
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2007
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tom Vol. 6, nr 1
199-204
EN
In this paper the finite element method is used for the numerical simulation of two dimensional transient bioheat transfer process in the human eye. The human eye is modelling as a composition of several homogeneous regions. On the outer surface the heat radiation is assumed, on the inner surface the Robin condition is accepted. In the final part of the paper the results of computations are shown.
EN
In the paper the burned and healthy layers of skin tissue are considered. The temperature distribution in these layers is described by the system of two Pennes equations. The governing equations are supplemented by the boundary conditions. On the external surface the Robin condition is known. On the surface between burned and healthy skin the ideal contact is considered, while on the internal surface limiting the system the body temperature is taken into account. The problem is solved by means of the boundary element method.
7
75%
EN
The thermal wave model of bioheat transfer supplemented by boundary and initial conditions is considered. To solve the problem, the boundary element method (BEM) is proposed. In the final part of the paper examples of numerical computations concerning the determination of the temperature field in a heating tissue are shown.
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Content available remote Phased array optimizing characteristics in HIFU device
75%
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tom Vol. 28, no. 2
109-116
EN
For the high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) phased array frequency distribution pattern size and amount of the elements may affect the performance and cost of the HIFU device. In this paper an inner holed spherical shell with 96 transducer elements was designed basing on the Ebbini pseudo-inverse matrix and Penns bioheat equation. The phased array has a lower grating-lobe level and a higher intensity gain suitable for deep heating. The experiments with the array usung 16 elements show that the phased array design produces a large dynamic scan scale with least elements and a high heat focus.
EN
The dual-phase lag equation is formulated for the case when the thermophysical parameters occurring in this equation are temperature-dependent. The axial-symmetrical domain of biological tissue heated by an external heat source is considered. The problem is solved using the implicit scheme of the finite difference method. At the stage of numerical computations, the analytical relationships taken from the literature describing changes in parameters are taken into account.
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tom Vol. 13, nr 2
33--42
EN
The sensitivity analysis of the transient temperature field in the 2D tissue domain with respect to its thermophysical parameters is discussed. In particular, the influence of tissue specific heat, thermal conductivity, perfusion rate and metabolic heat source on the temperature distribution is considered. In order to determine the influence of variations of these parameters on temperature distribution, the direct approach of sensitivity analysis is applied. The algorithm of modeling of tissue injury withdrawal based on Arrhenius integral is also presented. At the stage of numerical realization the boundary element method is used. In the final part of paper the results obtained are shown.
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tom Vol. 17, nr 2
29--41
EN
The numerical analysis of thermal damage process proceeding in biological tissue during laser irradiation is presented. Heat transfer in the tissue is assumed to be transient and two-dimensional. The internal heat source resulting from the laser irradiation based on the solution of the diffusion equation is taken into account. The tissue is regarded as a homogeneous domain with perfusion coefficient and effective scattering coefficient treated as dependent on tissue injury. At the stage of numerical realization, the boundary element method and the finite difference method have been used. In the final part of the paper the results of computations are shown.
EN
The problem discussed in the paper is numerical modeling of thermal processes in the domain of biological tissue secured by a layer of protective clothing being in thermal contact with the environment. The cross-section of the forearm (2D problem) is treated as non-homogeneous domain in which the sub-domains of skin tissue, fat, muscle and bone are distinguished. The air gap between skin tissue and protective clothing is taken into account. The process of external heating is determined by Robin boundary condition and sensitivity analysis with respect to the perturbations of heat transfer coefficient and ambient temperature is also discussed. Both the basic boundary-initial problem and the sensitivity problems are solved by means of control volume method using Voronoi polygons.
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63%
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tom Vol. 14, nr 4
67--78
EN
In the paper the numerical analysis of thermal processes proceeding in the 2D homogeneous biological tissue subjected to laser irradiation is presented. In particular, the influence of necrotic changes in tissue on the values of the perfusion coefficient and effective scattering coefficient are discussed. The transient heat transfer is described by the bioheat transfer equation in the Pennes formulation. As a model of light distribution in tissue, the first-order scattering approach has been used. At the stage of numerical realization the 1st scheme of the boundary element method has been applied.
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