Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Binocular summation evaluated by early and late visual evoked potentials

100%

Czaińska M. , Przekoracka-Krawczyk A. , Naskręcki R. , van der Lubbe R.

Optica Applicata

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2018

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tom Vol. 48, nr 1

137--148

EN

The visual evoked potential technique makes it possible to explore the visual system with a high temporal resolution, thereby providing information about different phases of binocular integration. The aim of the study was to characterize the amplitude, latency and scalp distribution of pattern-reversal gratings visual evoked potentials related to binocular viewing. 12 adult participants without any pathology of the visual system were examined by electroencephalography (EEG), with three viewing conditions: the dominant eye, non-dominant eye, and both eyes. They were tested with reversed checkerboard patterns presented with a frequency of 1.02 Hz. The amplitudes of visual evoked potentials were calculated to detect the effect of binocular integration. The strongest binocular summation was observed on the N75 component. P100 component was also affected by binocular viewing, mainly above parieto-occipital cortex. In the later time window binocular summation was reflected in changes in amplitude of N145 component over the right parieto-occipital region. The obtained results suggest that binocular summation is not limited to occipital cortex as its influence was also observed above parieto-occipital regions. Changes in amplitude of N75 component looks to be a good predictor of binocular summation.

2

A super depth of field height measurement based on local disparity

88%

Cui L. , Liu Y. , Yu M. , Jiang G. , Fan S. , Wang Y.

Optica Applicata

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2015

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tom Vol. 45, nr 2

205--214

EN

A super depth of field height measurement method is proposed to measure the object height with the optical stereoscopic microscope. The quasi-Euclidean epipolar rectification algorithm is utilized on the original stereoimage to obtain rectified stereoimages and calibrate two camera parameters. Then, feature points are obtained by the SURF (speed up robust feature) algorithm and their corresponding disparities are calculated. The disparity-depth of field curve is fitted by combining the step height values of a stepper motor. Moreover, through local disparity value got from feature points on the object, the relative shift height is calculated through regression analysis. Finally, according to binocular vision geometry, the thickness of the object can be calculated. Experimental results show that the measurement error in Z direction is from 1.51% to 7.71%, which indicates that the proposed method is able to measure the height of a microobject beyond depth of field within a tolerant error.

3

Examination and optical correction of the vision system following the procedure of cataract removal

88%

Debinska E. , Styszynski A. , Naskrecki R.

Optica Applicata

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2006

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tom Vol. 36, nr 4

s. 601--607

EN

The main goal of this thesis was a comprehensive assessment of the condition of the vision system following cataract surgery and implantation of posterior chamber artificial lens and assessment of the postoperative astigmatism, considering the dynamics of reduction of the postoperative astigmatism in the early postoperative period (3 months after the surgery). Also, the assessment of binocular vision of the operated patients was carried out. The results obtained were related to the currently used procedure methods, i.e., phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract removal. The thesis is realized in cooperation with the Ophthalmic Department of the Province Hospital in Poznañ (Szpital Wojewódzki w Poznaniu), Poland.

4

Stereovision system with active vergence and gaze control mechanism

88%

Szewczyk P.

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

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2011

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tom R. 57, nr 11

1344-1347

EN

The paper describes a prototypical stereovision system with active vergence and gaze control mechanism. The model and mechanical construction enable the accurate positioning of cameras. Increase in the measurement resolution of the binocular vergence angle in the selected range of depth is specified. The vergence control mechanism uses a kinematic chain with 3-DOF joints. In order to obtain a linear characteristic of the measurement system, there was performed the optimisation process of the kinematic chain parameters.

PL

W artykule przedstawiony jest opis prototypowego układu stereo-wizyjnego z aktywnym systemem zmiany kąta widzenia oraz zbieżności osi optycznych kamer. Zmiana kąta zbieżności osi optycznych kamer wraz z obrotem głowicy umożliwia koncentrację systemu na pewnym, dowolnie wybranym obiekcie w rzeczywistej przestrzeni trójwymiarowej. Prowadzi do nałożenia pól widzenia obu kamer i niewielkich wartości dysparycji bliskich zeru dla wybranego, śledzonego obiektu umożliwiając szybką segmentację obrazu. Zaprezentowano model oraz konstrukcję mechaniczną umożliwiającą dokładne pozycjonowanie kamer, a także zwiększenie rozdzielczości pomiarowej kąta zbieżności w wybranym przedziale mierzonej głębi. W mechanizmie kontroli zbieżności osi optycznych kamer zastosowano łańcuch kinematyczny wykorzystujący złącza o trzech stopniach swobody, a następnie dokonano optymalizacji parametrów tego łańcucha tak, aby zapewnić możliwie linową charakterystykę przetwarzania układu pomiarowego.

5

Fixation disparity curve in dyslexic adults

75%

Brenk-Krakowska A. , Szady M. , Naskrecki R.

Optica Applicata

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2012

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tom Vol. 42, nr 4

805--820

EN

Dyslexia is a worldwide disorder in children and adults. The visual characteristics of dyslexics has been studied with variable results. One area of interest is fixation disparity (FD). This is a measure of alignment of the oculomotor system during binocular fusion. A graphical plot of the FD as it changes as a function of induced prisms before the eyes results in a forced vergence fixation disparity curve (FDC). The associated phoria is defined as the prism needed to return the FD to the ortho position. We performed FD evaluations and compared FDC characteristics with a group of 50 subjects: 25 dyslexic adults and 25 typically reading adults. The comparisons suggest that exo FD and the absolute amount of associated phoria tend to be higher in dyslexic adults. Moreover, they experience more instability of FD compared to the controls. They also have more limited convergence range and total vergence range. Both instability in motor responses and reduced vergence ranges indicate that binocular instability is likely to occur in dyslexic adults.

6

Visual function after bilateral implantation of multifocal versus monofocal IOLs in children below 5 years of age

75%

Prost M. E.

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2019

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tom 6

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nr 3

192-197

EN

Background: Since pediatric ophthalmologists still prefer to implant monofocal IOL and experience with multifocal IOL implantation in children is limited. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate visual results after bilateral implantation of multifocal versus monofocal IOLs in children aged 1–5 years with congenital cataract. Methods: Children between 1 and 5 years of age with bilateral cataract who underwent cataract removal implantation of an multifocal IOL – Lentis Mplusx , Oculentis GmbH, Germany (55 children – group A) or monofocal IOL – C-flex Aspheric Monofocal, Rayner Intraocular Lenses Limited, UK (55 children – group B). The distance corrected visual acuity, distance corrected near visual acuity, binocular function using the Worth 4-dot test, stereopsis using the TNO test were evaluated. Results: At the final follow-up visit after 12 months, the mean best corrected distant visual acuity was not significantly different between groups A and B but the best corrected near visual acuity, binocular vision and stereopsis were significantly better in patients from group A as compared to group B. Conclusion: Implantation of a multifocal IOL in children aged 1–5 years with bilateral cataract provides a better level of near vision and considerably improves the development of stereopsis in comparison with children after monofocal IOL implantation.

7

Awareness among medical students regarding the binocularity level in the course of future specialty choice

75%

Fedoryak X. , Simiera J. , Loba P.

Medycyna Pracy

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2020

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tom 71

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nr 1

9-16

EN

BackgroundVision standards exist in many occupations with particular reference to medical science. The presence of a sufficient level of binocular vision is especially important in surgical specialty to perform visually demanding procedures. The purpose of this study was to reveal the level of awareness of one’s binocular status among medical students, and the significance of having binocular vision in terms of specialty choice.Material and Methodsself-constructed questionnaire was given to all subjects enrolled in the study. The first group comprised 53 students from the second and third year of the Medical University of Lodz, who then underwent an ophthalmological examination with binocularity assessment. The second group included 57 students of the last years of the Medical Faculty, who did the same survey and outlined how the ophthalmology course improved their knowledge of stereoacuity and vision requirements for the chosen specialty. Statistical analysis was performed using Person’s χ2 test.ResultsOverall, 32% (N = 17) of the students from the first group and 84% (N = 48) from the second group stated to be familiar with the term “binocularity” and its importance in performing surgical procedures. The awareness of the existing occupational contraindications related to low visual acuity and binocularity was declared by 16% (N = 9) and 54% (N = 31) of the subjects included in each group, respectively. University lectures were indicated as the main source of knowledge by 28% (N = 15) of the individuals from the first group and by 59% (N = 39) from the second group. The ophthalmology course was considered to be sufficiently covering the basics needed for the future doctor by 34 resident physicians (60%).ConclusionsThe medical students’ awareness of their own binocular status appears low. There is a strong need for implementing at least some quality standards for visual assessment to decide if a given student has an adequate eye function to participate in surgical procedures.

8

Alegoria w powieściach W. Goldinga jako perspektywa rozwoju etycznego według E. Honinga

51%

Muszyńska M.

Podstawy Edukacji

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2015

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tom 8

61-71

EN

The author attempts to describe the inspiration that comes from several concepts of various authors who are literary critics (E. Honing, L.L. Dickson), the researchers studying metaphors (P. Crisp) and studying creativity (G. Rose) and psychoanalysts who indicate educational gains, resulting from a “good analytic hour” in which the “binocular vision” occurs, coming from the allegorical “cognitive epistemology” and leading to sublimation conceived as a higher state of understanding of itself and the reality (H. Loewald, J. Miller). Among the many concepts of allegories presented earlier in her book “Allegories in aesthetic spaces of pedagogy. Duality in expositions of the ironic allegorist – qualitativeresearch” she chooses, for the purpose of this article only a single one. It is the concept of thinking about allegorical interpretation of works of William Golding.

PL

Autorka artykułu podejmuje próbę opisania inspiracji dla edukacji etycznej, jaka płynie z kilku koncepcji, których autorami są literaturoznawcy (E. Honing, L.L. Dickson), badacze metafor (P. Crisp) i twórczości (G. Rose) oraz psychoanalitycy, wskazujący edukacji zysk, jaki może spowodować „dobra godzina analityczna”, w której pojawia się „widzenie binokularne”, wychodzące od alegorycznej „królewskiej drogi do empatii epistemologicznej” (A. Margulies) i prowadzące do sublimacji pojmowanej jako wyższy stan rozumienia siebie i rzeczywistości (H. Loewald, J. Miller). Spośród wielu koncepcji alegorii, które przedstawiła w swojej książce pt. Alegorie w estetycznych przestrzeniach pedagogiki. Dwoistość w ekspozycjach ironicznego alegoryka – badania jakościowe wybiera jako przykład, dla potrzeb tego artykułu, tylko jedną. Jest nią koncepcja myślenia o sposobie interpretacji alegorycznych dzieł W. Goldinga.