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Talent Detection and Competitive Progress in Biathlon - A National Example

100%

Carlson R.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

2011

tom 18

nr 4

290-295

The main purpose of this study was to explain later years' success among Swedish biathletes. Sportive talent is regarded an interactional process within the frame of Bronfenbrenner's ecological model for human development. The national team (the elite group) consisting of 13 individuals was investigated along with a control group - matched in pairs in variables age, sex and athletic performance. All athletes were graduates from the upper secondary education sport schools (RIG sport academies). Data was collected via interviews and observations during training and world cup competitions. Based on quadruples of a year elite biathletes were more often born early in a year compared to controls. Hence, the prevailing system for division in competition classes based on age during adolescence could favour early developers. The elite group athletes revealed more positive experiences from sport academy years - in particular concerning the acting and behaviour of coaches in terms of individualisation in training and reciprocity in communication. Furthermore, controls were more often injured and experienced greater difficulties to carry out sufficient training. The results indicate the negative impact of competition classes based on age per se during adolescence and competence issues referring to sport academy coaches.

ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ СТАН КАРДІОРЕСПІРАТОРНОЇ СИСТЕМИ СТУДЕНТІВ, ЩО СПЕЦІАЛІЗУЮТЬСЯ В БІАТЛОНІ В БАЗАЛЬНИХ УМОВАХ

86%

Приймак С.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

2017

nr 9(73)

108-120

In modern theory and practice of physical education and sports, sports pedagogy, one of the main areas of training future specialists is to ensure proper management of sports and pedagogical improvement on the basis of objectivization of knowledge about the structure of activity and functional state of the organism. The purpose of the article was to study the functional state of the cardiovascular system of students specializing in biathlon. Methods.Analysis, synthesis, comparison, classification, specification, synthesis of scientific sources on the research problem; study of pedagogical experience, normative legal acts to clarify the essence of the basic concepts of research; pulsometry, tonometry, photoplethysmography, spirography, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Biathlon students with a relative equilibrium of regulation (eutonium) of cardiovascular activity have a certain tendency to para-, sympathetic dominance, depending on gender. The patterns of the relationship between HRV and pulse wave parameters in women have a lower level of probable significance (p≤0.05), which indicates a relatively lower influence of the para-, sympathetic components of regulation of the tone of peripheral vessels. Conclusion.The revealed patterns indicate the dominance of men in the aerobic component of the functional provision of activities, unlike women, in which this tendency is manifested to a lesser extent, which, in turn, determines the propensity to a greater humoral (ergotropic) and sympathetic regulation of cardiovascular activity. Further research is aimed at determining the functional state of cardioghemodynamics and the autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm of students specializing in biathlon, depending on the personality’s temporal peculiarities. Taking into account the above-mentioned regularities of functional support of the activity will allow teachers, trainers, and specialists in physical culture to optimize the process of sports and pedagogical training of students in biathlon, depending on gender.