Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Beta-laktamazy paleczek z rodziny Pseudomonadaceae

100%

Laudy A. E. , Starosciak B. J.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

2000

|

tom 39

|

nr 2

99-132

2

Wystepowanie beta-laktamaz typu ESBL i IBL u paleczek Pseudomonas aeruginosa

100%

Wolska M. K. , Bukowski K. , Jakubczak A.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2001

|

tom 53

|

nr 1

45-51

PL

Aktywność enzymów o rozszerzonym spektrum działania (ESBL) wykrywano metodą dwóch krążków wg Jarliera i wsp. (8). Indukowane ß-laktamazy (IBL) wykrywano testem dwóch krążków wg Sandersów (15). Wśród pałeczek Pseudomonas aeruginosa znaleziono 8 (18,6%) szczepów produkujących ß-laktamazy o rozszerzonym spektrum działania (ESBL) i 31 (72%) szczepów wytwarzających ß-laktamazy indukowane (IBL).

EN

The aim of the study was to determine extended spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) and inducible ß-lactamases (IBL) among Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. A total of 43 strains isolated humans (6), hospital sink (1), fish (15), cattle (5), swine (5), dog (1), redder (1), fur animals (9) were studied. ESBL-producing strains were detected with double disc diffusion test according to Jarlier et al. (8). Clavulonate and tazobactam were used as the inhibitors of ESBL. Inducible ß-lactamases were determined using double disc method according to Sanders (15). Cefoxitin was the inductor of these ß-lactamases. The susceptibility study was carried out using the disc diffusion method according to NCCLS standards. A total of 8 ESBL (18,6 % of all strains) and 31 (72%) IBL producing strains were detected. The obtained results indicate the necessity of monitoring of ESBL- and IBL-producing strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

3

Beta-laktamazy Escherichia coli

100%

Hrebenda J.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

1987

|

tom 26

|

nr 1-2

4

Molekularne podstawy bakteryjnej oporności na ampicylinę

100%

Bondarczuk K. , Sulowicz S. , Piotrowska-Seget Z.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

2014

|

tom 53

|

nr 4

5

Wystepowanie beta-laktamaz typu ESBL u paleczek z rodzaju Serratia

100%

Ulatowska B. , Czajkowski H. , Gospodarek H. , Mikucka A.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2000

|

tom 52

|

nr 1

17-24

PL

Enzymy o rozszerzonym spektrum działania (ESBL) wśród klinicznych szczepów pałeczek z rodzaju Serratia wykrywano metodą dwóch krążków (w niewielkiej modyfikacji). Badania wykazały, że 57,7% szczepów dawało reakcję dodatnią.

EN

Serratia spp. has been identified as an important opportunistic pathogen agent in nosocomial infections. The aim of the study was the determination of extended spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) occurrence among 78 of Serratia spp. strains isolated in 1996-1998 from clinical specimens obtainted from patients of State Clinical Hospital in Bydgoszcz. Identification of Serratia spp. strains was performed in automatic ATB system with ID 32GN strips (bioMérieux). The strains with ESBL activity were detected by double-disc method according to Jarlier et al. (10) with small modifications. Clavulanic acid, tazobactam and sulbactam were used as the inhibitors of ESBLs. Drug-susceptibility was determinated by disc-diffusion method according to NCCLS standards. Forty-five (57,7%) of the strains were ESBL (+). All of them belonged to S. marcescens species. The majority - 91,1% of strains was derived from urine, 3 from wound and 1 from blood. The obtained results indicate the necessity of monitoring of ESBL-producing strains among gram-negative rods from clinical specimen. The aims of such a procedure are to control and to prevent their dissemination within hospital, as well as to avoid therapeutic failures.

6

Wystepowanie beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym [ESBL] i beta-laktamz indukowanych [IBL] u klinicznych szczepow paleczek Gram-ujemnych

100%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

1998

|

tom 50

|

nr 1-2

31-39

PL

W ciągu trzech miesięcy (kwiecień-czerwiec 1997) wyhodowano z próbek materiału klinicznego 200 szczepów pałeczek Gram-ujemnych. Próbki pochodziły od pacjentów hospitalizowanych w różnych oddziałach PSK Nr 1 w Warszawie. Najczęściej izolowano szczepy gatunku Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Wśród pałeczek Gram-ujemnych znaleziono 30 szczepów produkujących ß-laktamazy o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym (ESBL) i 45 szczepów wytwarzających ß-laktamazy indukowane (IBL).

EN

This study was undertaken to check the situation concerning the occurrence of Gram-negative rods producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBL) and inducible ß-lactamases (IBI) in clinical specimens from patients hospitalized in National Clinical Hospital No. 1 in Warsaw. Such determinations were not performed in this hospital so far. During three months (April-June, 1997) 200 strains of Gram-negative rods were cultured. The strains were identified in automatic ATB system using strips with biochemical tests: ID 32 E for enteric rods and ID 32 GN for non-fermenting rods. ESBL-producing strains were detected with double disc diffusion test according to Jarlier et al. (1988). Clavulanate was applied as the inhibitor of ß-lactamases (AMO/CLAV disc). Inducible ß-lactamases were determined using double disc method according to Sanders and Sanders (1979). Cefoxitin was the inductor of these ß-lactamases. 82 strains (41% of all strains) belonging to Enterobacteriaceac family, 92 strains (46%) of Pseudomonadaceae rods and 26 strains (13%) of other Grant-negative rods were isolated. 30 ESBL producing strains (15% of all strains) and 45 strains (22,5%) with IBL activity were detected. The obtained results confirm the necessity of continuous and reliable monitoring of ESBL - and IBL - producing strains among Gram-negative rods isolated from clinical materials. The aims of such procedure are the control and prevention of their dissemination within a hospital as well as the avoidance of therapeutic failures.

7

Zastosowanie nowej metody do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym [ESBLs]

84%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2002

|

tom 54

|

nr 3

225-231

PL

Z próbek materiału klinicznego wyosobniono 260 szczepów Gram-ujemnych pałeczek, które zidentyfikowano jako ESBL-dodatnie metodą dwóch krążków (DDST). Wszystkie szczepy oznaczono za pomocą nowej metody (DD) służącej do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym z użyciem krążka z cefpodoksymem oraz krążka diagnostycznego z cefpodoksymem i kwasem klawulanowym (CD 01). Zgodność wyników oznaczeń dla obu metod dotyczyła 60,4% badanych szczepów.

EN

The aim of performed examinations was to compare results of two methods applied for the detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Two hundred and sixty strains of Gram-negative rods were cultured from clinical specimens obtained from hospitalized patients. These strains were identified as ESBL-positive on the basis of double-disc method (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (1988) results. Identification of strains performed in automatic ATB Expression system (bioMerieux, France). All strains were determined using a novel test for detection of ESBL-type enzymes (DD) according to Appleton (1999). Two discs are applied in this test: with cefpodoxime (CPD) and with cefpodoxime/clavulanate (CD 01, diagnostic disc). Consistent results of two methods (DDST and DD) were obtained in the case of 166 from among 260 of examined strains (60.4%). Consistent results concerned 161 out of 222 examined strains of enteric rods (72.5%) and only 5 from among 38 of other strains (mostly belonging to the group of non-fermenting rods). On the basis of performed investigations it can he stated that the novel method of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) detection (DD) according to Appleton (1999) is more objective and easier for interpretation than the double-disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (DDST), which is widely applied in the routine microbiological diagnostics.

8

Oporność bakterii z rodziny Enterobacteriaceae na antybiotyki beta-laktamowe wynikająca z wytwarzania beta-laktamaz

84%

Nikonorow E. , Baraniak A. , Gniadkowski M.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

2013

|

tom 52

|

nr 3

9

Porownanie wynikow krazkowo-dyfuzyjnych metod stosowanych do wykrywania ESBL-dodatnich szczepow paleczek Gram-ujemnych

84%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Meszaros J. , Luczak M.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2004

|

tom 56

|

nr 1

49-55

PL

Przedmiot badań stanowiło 120 klinicznych szczepów ESBL-dodatnich pałeczek Gram-ujemnych. Aktywność ESBL u tych szczepów wykryto przy zastosowaniu dwóch metod: DDST (metoda dwóch krążków) i DD (metoda krążka diagnostycznego). W teście DD użyto krążków z cefpodoksymem oraz z cefpodoksymem i kwasem klawulanowym (pierwszy wariant - CPD/CD 01). Następnie szczepy sprawdzono pod kątem wytwarzania ESBL stosiyąc kolejne dwa warianty metody krążka diagnostycznego: drugi (CAZ/CD 02) i trzeci (CTX/CD 03). W przypadku kilku szczepów zaobserwowano niezgodności wyników oznaczeń wykonanych za pomocą różnych metod krążkowo-dyfuzyjnych.

EN

Examinations were undertaken to compare the results of disc diffusion tests applied for detection of strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). A total of 120 clinical strains were used in experiments. These strains were determined as ESBL-positive on the basis of consistent results of two methods: the double disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier et al. (1988) and the diagnostic disc test (DD, version CPD/CD 01) according to Appleton (1999). In the next step examined strains were analysed in two further tests, which are variants of DD method: CAZ/CD 02 test with discs containing ceftazidime and ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, and CTX/CD 03 test with the use of cefotaxime and cefotaxime/clavulanic acid discs. ESBL-positive strains first of all belonged to the species E. coli and K. pneumoniae. In the case of seven analysed strains consistent results of determinations were not obtained with the use of different disc diffusion methods. Application of several disc diffusion methods to determine ESBL-positive strains of Gram-negative rods increases the probability of their proper identification.

10

Mechanizmy opornosci paleczek Acinetobacter spp. na antybiotyki beta-laktamowe

84%

Zmudzinski M. , Gospodarek E.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

2007

|

tom 46

|

nr 3

236-273

11

Wystepowanie Moraxella catarrhalis u chorych z zakazeniami drog oddechowych

84%

Jakubicz P. , Leszczynska K.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

1997

|

tom 49

|

nr 1-2

55-60

EN

The study was undertaken to evaluate the incidence of Moraxella catarrhalis in patients with respiratory tract infections. Overall 514 specimens including 370 throat swabs and 114 sputums were examined. The 78 strains isolated basing on morphological and biochemical characteristcs were classified as Moraxella catarrhalis. The sensitivity of the strains to antibiotics was also estimated. The frequency of M. catarrhalis isolation from the throat swabs (15,9%) was higher than from the sputum (13,2%). Selected 25 specimens of sputum were tested simultaneously by quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative method was more sensitive (84% positive findings) than qualitative method (60% positive findings). Resistance to ampicillin was found in 52 (66,7%) strains of M. catarrhalis determined mainly by beta-lactamase production (over 70% strains were producers of beta-lactamase). All strains were sensitive to ofloxacin and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid combination. The frequency of M. catarrhalis isolation was higher in autum - winter period than in summer (May - September). We conclude that M. catarrhalis, beside Streptococcus pyogenes (20,2%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (17,1%), arc the most frequently isolated bacteria in patients with respiratory tract infections.

12

Wykrywanie ekspresji beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym [ESBL] wsrod klinicznych szczepow Klebsiella pneumoniae i Escherichia coli; porownanie E-testu i dwoch testow krazkowych

84%

Andrzejewska E. , Szkaradkiewicz A.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2004

|

tom 56

|

nr 2

161-171

PL

Stosując E-test i dwie techniki krążkowe - DDST i DD wykrywano ESBLs wśród 148 klinicznych szczepów E. coli i 78 szczepów K pneumoniae. Wykazano 100% zgodność wyników uzyskanych przy zastosowaniu w/w metod do wykrywania ESBLs wśród szczepów K pneumoniae. W wykrywaniu ESBLs wśród szczepów E. coli stwierdzono 100% zgodność wyników w E-teście i teście DD, natomiast 75% w metodzie DDST. Dokonano również analizy lekowrażliwości badanych szczepów bakteryjnych.

EN

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of E-test and two disc methods applied for the detection of extended spectrum ß-lactamases. All strains were tested by E-test, by double-disc synergy test (DDST) according to Jarlier (cefotaxim, ceftazidim, aztreonam and clavulanic acid) and also by disc test according to Appleton (Cefpodoxime and Cefpodoxime with clavulanic acid, CPD and CD01 disc). We tested 148 clinical strains of E. coli and 78 strains of K. Pneumoniae. In case of K. pneumoniae, the activity of the ESBLs was detected among 30 strains — both in E-test, Jarlier test and Appleton test. Among E. coli, four strains were found ESBL-positive in the test according to Jarlier but only three strain of these when E-test and Appleton test was used. The results of investigations performed suggest, that E-test and disc methods according both Jarlier and Appleton have the same effectiveness in detection ESBLs among K. pneumoniae strains. However, in case of E. coli, interpretation of results may present a problem.

13

Ocena przydatnosci testu z cefpiromem do wykrywania beta-laktamaz o rozszerzonym spektrum u roznych gatunkow paleczek Gram-ujemnych

84%

Mlynarczyk G. , Mlynarczyk A. , Bilewska A. , Dukaczewska A. , Golawski C. , Kicman A. , Pupek J. , Serafin I. , Luczak M.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2006

|

tom 58

|

nr 1

59-65

PL

Badano występowanie ESBL u 178 pałeczek Gram-ujemnych, u których wykazano przy zastosowaniu czterech metod: DDST, oraz trzech metod CD (z cefpodoksymem, ceftazydymem i cefotaksymem) wykazano brak wytwarzania ESBL. Zastosowanie metody CD z cefpiromem wykazało, że aż 47,5% z tych szczepów wytwarzało ESBL.

EN

Gram-negative bacilli were examined for ESBL production by using four methods: double-disc synergy diffusion test (DDST), and three tests of combined discs with cefpodoxime, ceftazidime and cefotaxime alone and the same cephalosporins with clavulanic acid. Strains determined as ESBL-nega- tive with all these tests were examined by using fifth method with cefpirome. 47,5% from 178 negative in other methods strains, appeared ESBL-positive in this test. The examined strains belonged to 16 different species. Most of them were Enterobacter cloaceae, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumanii. It seems that the combined discs method with cefpirome may be usefull for phenotypic detection of ESBL producing bacteria also in the case of strains where ESBL production is camouflaged with derepressed chromosomal AmpC beta-lactamases.

14

Charakterystyka opornych na fluorochinolony izolatów z gatunku K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis i E. coli wytwarzających beta-laktamazy typu ESBL i AmpC

84%

Rzeczkowska M. , Piekarska K. , Gierczynski R.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2012

|

tom 64

|

nr 4

PL

Analizie poddano 19 losowo wybranych izolatów należących do trzech gatunków: K. pneumoniae (n=7), P. mirabilis (n=3) i E. coli (n=9), wyosobnionych z materiału klinicznego od chorych w jednym z warszawskich szpitali. Badano zróżnicowanie plazmidowo-kodowanych β–laktamaz typu ESBL i AmpC, wytwarzanych przez oporne na fluorochinolony izolaty należące do wymienionych gatunków. Mechanizm ESBL, który dominował głównie wśród przedstawicieli gatunku E. coli, wykryto w przypadku 9 izolatów. Nabyte β-laktamazy AmpC stwierdzono u 6 badanych izolatów, w tym wśród wszystkich izolatów z gatunku P. mirabilis. Ponadto, w przypadku 4 izolatów należących do gatunku K. pneumoniae wykryto zarówno mechanizm ESBL, jak i AmpC. W prezentowanych badaniach geny warunkujące wytwarzanie pAmpC najczęściej należały do rodziny CMY i DHA, zaś geny warunkujące wytwarzanie ESBL – do rodziny TEM, SHV i CTX-M. Ponadto, 13 spośród 19 badanych izolatów poza niewrażliwością na fluorochinolony i cefalosporyny trzeciej generacji charakteryzowało się również opornością na antybiotyki aminoglikozydowe i trimetoprim/sulafametoksazol. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na horyzontalny transfer plazmidów, w których znajdują się geny warunkujące wytwarzanie β-laktamaz typu ESBL i/lub pAmpC.

EN

Introduction: Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are the predominant mechanism for acquired antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. During the past few years, increasing occurrence of plasmid-mediated AmpC β- lactamases (pAmpCs) particularly in K. pneumonia, P. mirabilis and E. coli was reported. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyse of the diversity of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases such as pAmpCs and ESBLs among clinical K. pneumonia, P. mirabilis and E. coli strains in Poland. Methods: A total of 19 clinical Enterobacteriaceae strains (E. coli, n=9; K. pneumoniae, n=7; P. mirabilis, n=3) resistant to third-generation cephalosporin were selected from collection of fluoroquinolone resistant isolates recovered during a 6-months period in regular hospital in Warsaw, Poland. ESBLs and AmpCs were detected by using phenotypic methods: double-disc tests (DDSTs), MAST ID D68C test, sensitivity to cefoxitin, disk potentiation test (DPT) and Tris-EDTA test. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the blaAmpC, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV, genes. PCR-products for these genes were sequenced. To determine the possible clonality of the tested isolates PFGE with the XbaI was performed. Results: Nine of 19 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains tested produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases of TEM, SHV and CTX-M families. These ESBLs were most commonly detected in E. coli. AmpC β-lactamases were produced by 6 tested strains, including 3 isolates of P. mirabilis. The AmpC found in our study belonged to CMY and DHA families. Furthermore, 4 isolates of K. pneumoniae were found to co-produce both ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases. XbaI-PFGE profiles pointed significant differences of tested strains. Conclusion: Horizontal transfer of genes encoding for acquired β-lactamases such ESBL and AmpC seem to play primary role in dissemination of these resistance traits among fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical strains of Enterobacteriaceae in Poland.

15

Lekowrazliwosc i wlasciwosci adhezyjne szczepow Escherichia coli izolowanych z moczu i z krwi

84%

Zalas-Wiecek P. , Gospodarek E. , Piecyk K.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2010

|

tom 62

|

nr 1

43-50

PL

Stwierdzono, że pałeczki E. coli izolowane z moczu istotnie częściej niż izolowane z krwi wytwarzały beta-laktamazy typu ESBL i były wielolekooporne. Z kolei szczepy E. coli wyosobnione z krwi w wyższym odsetku adherowały do cewników lateksowych i cewników z polichlorku winylu.

EN

The aim of this study was comparison of the antimicrobial sensitivity and adhesive properties of E. coli strains isolated from urine and blood samples. This study included 169 of E. coli strains isolated in the Clinical Microbiology Department of dr. A. Jurasz University Hospital in 2003-2006. E.coli strains isolated from urine samples revealed statistically higher production of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and multidrug resistance than strains isolated from blood samples. Stains isolated from the blood adhered to latex and PCV catheters more frequently when compared with strains isolated from urine.

16

Bakteryjne enzymy hydrolizujace wiazania w mureinie

67%

Popowska M. A.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

1998

|

tom 37

|

nr 2

167-198

17

Mechanizmy opornosci Haemophilus influenzae na antybiotyki beta-laktamowe

67%

Wolkowicz T. , Kadlubowski M. , Jagusztyn-Krynicka E. K. , Hryniewicz W.

Postępy Mikrobiologii

|

2009

|

tom 48

|

nr 1

55-66

18

Czy zwierzętom zagrażają superbakterie (NDM-1+)?

67%

Glinski Z. , Kostro K.

Magazyn Weterynaryjny

|

2010

|

tom 19

|

nr 12

19

Wystepowanie i charakterystyka szczepow opornych na antybiotyki oksy-imino-betalaktamowe wsrod szczepow Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica izolowanych w Polsce

67%

Szych J. , Gierczynski R. , Wardak S. , Cieslik A.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2005

|

tom 57

|

nr 2

115-130

PL

Scharakteryzowano 68 szczepów pałeczek Salmonella opornych na antybiotyki oksy-imino-betalaktamowe należących do 6 typów serologicznych, wybranych spośród 239 opornych na ampicylinę szczepów pałeczek Salmonella izolowanych w Polsce w latach 1999-2004 z próbek materialu klinicznego. Stwierdzono, że większość badanych szczepów wytwarzała p-Iaktamazę TEM-1 o pl=5,4 oraz p-laktamazę o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym CTX-M-3 o pl=8,4. Wszystkie badane szczepy S. Thompson i jeden ze szczepów S. Typhimurium wytwarzał enzym SHV-5 o pl=8,2. Jest to pierwsze doniesienie o produkcji SHV-5 przez pałeczki Salmonella w Polsce.

EN

Extended - spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes manifesting considerable hydrolyzing activity on a wide variety of ß-lactam antibiotics including oxyiminocephalosporins and aztreonam. In the study reported here we investigated the types of ESBL produced by Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated from clinical samples in the microbiological laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological units in Poland from 1999 to 2004. Among 239 ampicilline-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated from clinical samples in the microbiological laboratories of sanitary-epidemiological units in Poland, 68 isolates of oximino-beta-lactams resistant of 6 serovars were found. There were 16 epidemiological unrelated strains (6 isolates of S.Enteritids, S isolates of S.Thompson, 3 isolates of S.Typhimurium, onefold isolate of S.Muenster and S. enterica 1,9,12:-:-) coming from different areas of country and 52 epidemiologically related isolates of S. Oranienburg, coming from a prolonged outbreak in an orphanage in Łódź. All the strains were identified as the ESBLs producers . The molecular analysis relevead that most of them expressed CTX-M-3 ESBL which is widely observed in Poland and additional enzyme TEM-1. All tested isolates of S.Thompson and one of three S. Typhimurium isolates were found to produce SHV-5 ESBL. This is the first report regarding the presence of SHV-5 in the genus Salmonella in Poland.

20

Beta-laktamazy o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowym u Gram-ujemnych paleczek rosnacych w warunkach bezwzglednie beztlenowych

67%

Rokosz A. , Sawicka-Grzelak A. , Kot K. , Pituch H. , Meisel-Mikolajczyk F. , Luczak M.

Medycyna Doświadczalna i Mikrobiologia

|

2000

|

tom 52

|

nr 2

129-137

PL

Przedmiotem badań było 100 klinicznych szczepów pałeczek Gram-ujemnych, należących do bezwzględnych beztlenowców (93 szczepy z rodzaju Bacteroides i 7 szczepów z rodzaju Prevotella). Stwierdzono, że znaczna większość szczepów ((95%) wykazuje wrażliwość na piperacylinę, piperacylinę z tazobaktamem, tikarcylinę z kwasem klawulanowym, imipenem i meropenem. Wykryto dwa szczepy gatunku Bacteroides fragilis, wytwarzające ß-laktamazy o rozszerzonym zakresie działania (ESBLs). U badanych szczepów nie znaleziono indukowanych ß-laktamaz (IBL-s).

EN

This study was performed to determine the susceptibility of the clinical strains of Gram-negative strictly anaerobic rods to newer ß-lactam antibiotics. Also, the trial was undertaken to detect strains producing extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) and inducible ß-lactamases (IBLs) among Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. rods isolated from hospitalized patients. One hundred strains of Gram-negative, obligatory anaerobic rods were applied in the study. The strains were identified in automatic ATB system using API 20 A strips. ß-lactamase-positive strains were determined with disc nitrocefin test. ESBL-producing strains were detected with double disc test according to Jarlier et al. (1988). Clavulanate was applied as the inhibitor of these ß-lactamases (AMO/CLAV disc). ESBL-positive strains were confirmed with the use of E test (TZ/TZL strip). Inducible ß-lactamases were determined by double disc method according to Sanders and Sanders (1979). Cefoxitin was the inducer of these ß-lactamases (FOX disc). Among 93 Bacteroides spp. strains and 7 Prevotella spp. strains, 91 strains (91%) produced ß-lactamases. Two ESBL-producing strains (2%) were detected. Strains producing inducible ß-lactamases (IBL) were not found. A high activity of the examined ß-!actam antibiotics against strains of Gram-negative anaerobes was found. The majority of strains were susceptible to piperacillin (95%), piperacillin combined with tazobactam (99%), ticarcillin combined with clavulanic acid (99%), meropenem (97%) and imipenem (99%). The obtained results indicate the necessity of ESBL determination among strains of the genus Bacteroides, isolated from clinical specimens. Newer ß-lactam antibiotics, especially penicillins in combination with ß-lactamase inhibitors and carbapenems, are useful in empiric therapy of infections caused by Bacteroides spp. and Prevotella spp. anaerobic rods.