Nowa wersja platformy, zawierająca wyłącznie zasoby pełnotekstowe, jest już dostępna.
Przejdź na https://bibliotekanauki.pl
Ograniczanie wyników
Czasopisma help
Lata help
Autorzy help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 56

Liczba wyników na stronie
first rewind previous Strona / 3 next fast forward last
Wyniki wyszukiwania
Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  benefit
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
first rewind previous Strona / 3 next fast forward last
EN
The bill concerns a compensation for people repressed during the Polish People’s Republic and for activists of the anti-communist opposition. In this way, the bill implements the provisions of the Constitution concerning the special care of veterans of the fight for independence by the Republic of Poland. The draft provides for the equalization of the retirement or disability benefit for these people to the amount of PLN 2,400. Pursuant to Article 67 of the Constitution the shaping of the amount and rules of social security fall under the responsibility of the legislator.
EN
Within the last decades Great Britain has developed a specific model of welfare state. The “from-cradle-to-grave” model is close to the hearts of Labour Party’s politicians and supporters, on the other hand Conservative Party’s governments have been trying to limit welfare state’s reach since 1979. Cameron’s cabinet introduced a significant reform of the system, depriving many Brits of their benefits and lowering the number of people eligible to claim one. It is advisable to consider if these policies go hand in hand with the idea of sustainable development in the socio-economic context.
EN
If they suffer privation, which means that they are unable to meet their basic needs on their own, parents are entitled to claim maintenance from their children. On the other hand, the difficult life situation caused by privation, linked with lack of self-sufficiency, is one of the reasons to claim social welfare benefits. Therefore, the same circumstances constitute the basis for financial support from both the family and the public social system. Because the laws do not explicitly define the order in which maintenance ought to be paid, this study attempts to establish the relation between the family’s and the State’s financial obligations. Based on the legal-dogmatic and analytical methods, this article presents: the essence of the right to maintenance and its forms in the Polish Social Welfare Act, the duties of the administrative bodies in bringing actions for maintenance, the consequences of failure in fulfilling maintenance obligations and of unjustified relinquishment of maintenance claims from family members. In the conclusion, the authors stress the primacy of family obligations over the State’s ones, and formulate recommendations for social welfare authorities as regards enforcing the fulfilment of family financial obligations.
EN
The objective of this article is to present the regulation of providing the functionaries of the Internal Security Agency with the pension and sickness benefit in the light of the right to social security guaranteed by the Constitution. For the past few years, Poland has undergone profound changes with regard to the system of social insurance, which primarily has affected the insurance side of the country’s system. The decision as to the actual changes stems from the demographic challenges which determine the economic efficiency of the system. Considering the issue of social justice, the legislator has taken specific legislative actions which result in diametrical changes with reference to normalizing the right to pension for functionaries of the Uniformed Services, inclusive of the Internal Security Agency. Legislative work is being carried out with regard to changes in remuneration rules during the functionaries’ incapacity for work. The author of this article takes into account the constitutional conditionings of the aforementioned modifications in the insurance system.
EN
The governmental support program “Family 500+” can be treated as an instrument of income redistribution. Its purpose is to co-finance families with children with a monthly cash benefit, paid in cash, regardless of the income received, for each second and subsequent child. The article analyzes the impact of transfers from the program on income disparities and the extent of poverty. On the basis of data on poverty rates and income inequality measured by the Gini coefficient, it is stated that the program performs redistributive functions, which results in declining poverty, both extreme and relative in almost all types of households and socioeconomic groups, as well as decreasing the Gini coefficient. The stronger redistributive effect is, however, hampered by the too-even allocation of resources from the benefit. The program does not effectively solve the problems of any social group, leaving many people out of the target groups of support in extreme poverty.
PL
Miasta odwróciły się do rzek „plecami”. Tracą w ten sposób korzyści, które mogłyby dzięki nim uzyskać.
EN
Background The paper is aimed at indicating the similarities and differences in use of benefits supporting work–life balance (WLB) between women and men working in Polish small/medium and large enterprises. Material and Methods The sample included 556 workers (311 women, 245 men), aged 20–68 years old employed on the basis of employment contracts for at least a year in Polish enterprises. The respondents completed a questionnaire on the use of benefits guaranteed by the Polish Labour Code, referring to their current workplaces. Results Women took maternity leaves and returned to the same work position after using childcare leaves more often than men. Men took leaves on demand more often than women. Our results also showed that in comparison to women working in smaller enterprises, those working in large enterprises were more likely to use almost all the analyzed WLB benefits – paid days off to take care of others, educational leaves, leaves on demand, maternity leaves and return to the same work position after childcare leave, reduction of business trips when pregnant or having young children and breastfeeding breaks. The size of enterprise, however, did not differentiate the take-up of benefits among the studied men. Conclusions Our analysis brought unexpected results on the lack of common availability of the WLB benefits guaranteed by the law in the case of employees who worked on the basis of employment contracts. We also found that women used most of child rearing benefits guaranteed by the law more often than men, which might reflect still a traditional division of child care responsibilities in Poland. Med Pr 2017;68(5):575–581
EN
The article analyzes the activities of charitable organizations in Russia. The author explores the mo­tives for carrying out charitable activities. Based on the results of the in-depth interview, the priority areas for the activities of charitable organizations in Russia, the requirements that the state should establish in relation to charitable organizations, as well as the specifics of interaction between the state and charitable organizations, are determined. The article also explores the fundamentals of legislative regulation of charitable activities in Russia.
EN
Genetically modified (GM) sugar beets offer several advantages for growers, food industry, consumers and for the agricultural environment. Transgenic beets tolerant to total herbicides (tHT) are discussed and their advantages, based on field experiments, are presented along with prospects, limits and putative risks.
16
57%
EN
This paper aims to review the existing body of research, both theoretical and empirical, conducted in the last fifteen years on the transparency and communication policies of central banks. In the first section, selected definitions of the transparency of the a monetary policy proposed in leading academic papers on the topic are presented. Further sections present a set of instruments which can improve the communication policy. The last section presents the most important research conducted in the last decade or so in Poland and abroad with the main objective of determining the relationship between a transparent monetary policy and the development of prices and expectations of the financial market. Particular emphasis was placed on research aimed at comparing different economies in terms of transparency of their monetary policies using transparency indices specifically developed for this purpose.
PL
Celem artykułu jest przegląd światowego dorobku naukowego z ostatnich kilkunastu lat w zakresie przejrzystości oraz polityki komunikacyjnej banków centralnych zarówno w zakresie zagadnień teoretycznych, jak i prowadzonych badań empirycznych. Praca składa się ze wstępu, trzech części oraz podsumowania. Na wstępie przedstawiono wybrane definicje przejrzystości polityki pieniężnej zawarte w najważniejszych pracach naukowych poświęconych tej tematyce. Następnie wskazany został zestaw instrumentów poprawiających politykę komunikacyjną. W ostatniej części przedstawiono najważniejsze badania prowadzone w ciągu ostatnich kilkunastu lat w kraju i na świecie, których głównym celem było określenie związku pomiędzy przejrzystością polityki pieniężnej a kształtowaniem się cen i oczekiwań na rynku finansowym. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono także na badania, których zadaniem było porównywanie gospodarek światowych w obszarze transparentności polityki monetarnej za pomocą specjalnie do tego stworzonych indeksów.
EN
The impact of grazing has been discussed in many organisms, and it has been shown that it has considerable influence on the structural variation of vegetation, resulting in its tussocky appearance. Such spatial heterogeneity results in plants formations that facilitate other species by providing safe sites against predation and physical stress. On the Trnovski gozd plateau in western Slovenia, a secondary habitat of the rare, monotypic endemic umbelliferous species, Hladnikia pastinacifolia, was colonized by a relatively isolated population of the wide spread opilionid species, Phalangium opilio. We hypothesized that in this stony pasture, the impact of the structurally heterogenous vegetation that results from low-intensity grazing benefits both species on hot summer days. For this purpose, we classified vegetation formation types (VFT) and measured temperature and relative humidity in places settled by Ph. opilio individuals during their daily rest. According to the predominant species, we recognized six VFTs: Carlina acaulis, Ruta divaricata, Koeleria pyramidata, Juniperus communis, understory vegetation and grazed turf. Only the spiny C. acaulis and unpalatable R. divaricata facilitated H. pastinacifolia, while also acting as nurse plants. On the other hand, Ph. opilio preferred the understory, but also settled on the other VFTs, except Ruta. During the highest daily temperature of about 38°C, Ph. opilio avoided the grazed turf. Temperature preferences refer to frequencies of individuals rather than to absolute temperature values. The frequencies were independent of sex and the VFTs. emales were more frequently found in tussocks showing higher temperature profiles (Juniperus, Koeleria). During the hot daytime, Ph. opilio was most sensitive to relative humidity, and less so to temperature, whilst the height of settlement varied in adjusting these two environmental factors. The distribution of males significantly differed between the subsequent morning, midday and evening series, but not between the morning and evening ones, while in females it differed between all the three time series. In habitats, such as stony dry pastures, low grazing intensity can maintain persistent populations of H. pastinacifolia and Ph. opilio even in extremely hot weather. Such grazing is the most convenient measure for protecting both species, especially the highly endangered Hladnikia. The major threat to such habitats is afforestation by Pinus nigra, which deserves additional management. We found that in stony pastures, low grazing intensity assures the structural heterogeneity of vegetation required to maintain persistent populations, of both H. pastinacifolia and Ph. opilio.
EN
The Program "Family 500+" was intended to partially cover the expenses related to bringing up a child. Paying parents PLN 500 every month without the need to document the way they were spent determines the obvious question whether it is an additional component of remuneration for work. A detailed analysis showed many common features between the childcare benefit for remuneration for work and proposed changes to the Program.
PL
Program „Rodzina 500+” miał na celu częściowe pokrycie wydatków związanych z wychowywaniem dziecka. Przekazywanie rodzicom w odstępie comiesięcznym 500 zł bez konieczności udokumentowania sposobu ich wydatkowania determinuje oczywiste pytanie, czy jest to dodatkowy składnik wynagrodzenia za pracę. Poprzez szczegółową analizę wykazano wiele cech wspólnych pomiędzy świadczeniem wychowawczym a wynagrodzeniem za pracę oraz zaproponowano zmiany w Programie.
first rewind previous Strona / 3 next fast forward last
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.