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Evolution of the definition of energy security and local component (clusters) in the theoretical perspective

100%

Bałamut A. , Ruszel M.

tom No. 2 (13)

3--13

Energy security is primarily associated with access to energy resources at an affordable price. Due to the increasing number of changes taking place in the environment, security should be perceived by states, entre-preneurs and local communities as a process that requires continuous cooperation of all its stakeholders in both the short and long term at the local, national and international level. It is therefore worth paying attention to energy clusters whose goal is to develop distributed energy, which serves to improve local energy security. In the face of the changing environment, local energy independence becomes more important. The initiative consists in generating, transmitting, storing and using energy locally. For this reason, the aim of the article is to answer the research questions: does today's view of energy security take into account the behavioral component? Do energy clusters, in terms of definition, take into account local actors, their interests, needs and opportunities? The article aims to verify the research hypothesis that energy clusters suggest the need to modify the definition of energy security taking into account the local component with its potential and social needs. The article can be a starting point for further analysis in the field of ensuring energy security at the local level.

Tworzenie nadbudowy wyzysku ekonomicznego w świetle teorii dysonansu poznawczego.

72%

Pytlik M.

Nowa Krytyka

2015

tom 35

95-113

The most important legacy of Marxist philosophy is dialectical and historical materialism. One of exemplifications of how social psychology is inspired by this legacy is the theory of cognitive dissonance by Leon Festinger (1957) as a dialectical moment in human’s mind. This dialectics signifies that dissonances in cognition direct towards consonances in an infinite process of practical exploration coducted by individuals entangled in social relations and, at the same time, their creators. Cognitive dissonance, an unpleasant affect of contradiction between subjectively significant cognitive and behavioral elements, always tends to be reduced by either material praxis (behavioral component) or shift in consciousness’ content (cognitive element). Individuals privileged by exemption from physical work, disposing private propriety of means of production and capturing surplus value are in position of cognitive dissonance with the principles of primary commune’s social functioning. As multiple research in field of psychology has shown, it is more plausible to justify the contradictory and morally inappropriate behavior than to adjust to immoral deeds the behavior itself. Hence, privileged individuals make a shift in consciousness, creating new contents of cognition. These contents, justifying privileged position in social order, may or may not be transmitted from individual to social consciousness and become a part of ideological superstructure. Cognitive dissonance does not touch the falsehood or reality of subsequent edition processes of these new contents, but determines the plausibility of their appearance.