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  1. 11 Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
  2. 3 Archives of Materials Science
  3. 3 Materials Science Poland
  4. 2 Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
  5. 2 Composites Theory and Practice
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  1. 1 2023
  2. 2 2022
  3. 2 2021
  4. 2 2020
  5. 5 2019
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  1. 5 Maziarz W.
  2. 4 Dutkiewicz J.
  3. 4 Hong S.-J.
  4. 4 Madavali B.
  5. 3 Ahn B.
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1
Content available remote Effect of ball milling on the kinetics of thermal decomposition of lead carbonate as observed by the differential scanning calorimetry
100%
Książek K. , Górecki T. , Żaba M. , Górecki C. , Wacke S.
Prace Naukowe. Chemia i Ochrona Środowiska / Akademia im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie
|
2005
|
tom Vol. 10
167-170
EN
The effect of the intensive milling in a planetary ball mill on the kinetics of thermal decomposition of lead carbonate PbCO3 has been studied. It has been found, that the ball milling diminishes the heat effect accompanying the early stage of the thermal decomposition of investigated material. This suggests, that intensive ball milling causes at least partial decomposition of PbCO3 into PbO and CO2. The qualitative observations of the mass loss of the milling products during the DSC experiments support this supposition.
2
Content available remote Effect of milling time and addition of alumina powder on the structural properties and fracture surface of nanocrystalline Al
100%
Razavi Tousi S. S. , Yazdani Rad R. , Salahi E. , Razavi M.
Materials Science Poland
|
2009
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tom Vol. 27, No. 3
875--884
EN
The effects of milling time and the addition of alumina reinforcement on the structural evolution of Al matrix were investigated. By analysing the cross section of powder, cold welding mechanism for both monolithic and composite powders was studied. Results show that presence of the alumina powder has a marked effect on variation of apparent density, preferred orientation, impurity content and thus lattice parameter of Al by milling time. The reduction of the grain size to the nanometeric scale changes the fracture mechanism of Al particles completely, from dimpled into intergranular, though alumina addition does not seem to have notable influence on the fracture mechanism.
3
Content available Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Tensile Deformation Behavior of Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Alloys Manufactured by Complex Milling Process
100%
Kim Y.-K. , Kim J.-H. , Gwon J.-H. , Lee K.-A.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2017
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tom Vol. 62, iss. 2B
1335--1340
EN
This study attempted to manufacture an ODS alloy by combining multiple milling processes in mechanical alloying stage to achieve high strength and fracture elongation. The complex milling process of this study conducted planetary ball milling, cryogenic ball milling and drum ball milling in sequential order, and then the microstructure and tensile deformation behavior were investigated after additional heat treatment. The oxide particles distributed within the microstructure were fine oxide particles of 5~20 nm and coarse oxide particles of 100~200 nm, and the oxide particles were confirmed to be composed of Cr, Ti, Y and O. Results of tensile tests at room temperature measured yield strength, tensile strength and elongation as 1320 MPa, 2245 MPa and 4.2%, respectively, before heat treatment, and 1161 MPa, 2020 MPa and 5.5% after heat treatment. This results indicate that the ODS alloy of this study gained very high strengths compared to other known ODS alloys, allowing greater plastic zones.
4
Content available Optimization of Palm Oil Boiler Ash Biomass Waste as a Source of Silica with Various Preparation Methods
100%
Bukit B. F. , Frida E. , Humaidi S. , Sinuhaji P. , Bukit N.
Journal of Ecological Engineering
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2022
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tom Vol. 23, nr 8
193--199
EN
Several studies have synthesized silica from waste. The silica synthesis method from agricultural waste aims to produce high purity silica with low contaminants at an affordable cost. This study synthesized silica from oil palm boiler ash (OPBA) by means of various methods, such as ball milling, coprecipitation, and modification with methyl trichlorosilane (MTCS). XRD characterization results showed that the OPBA synthesized with ballmill and coprecipitation method has the smallest particle size of 14.90 nm. Morphology showed the OPBA obtained by using the ballmill method, the OPBA synthesized with ballmill and coprecipitation method, as well as the OPBA synthesized with ballmill, coprecipitation, and modified with methyl trichlorosilane as spherical particles. At the same time, the FTIR results show an absorption peak which is a characteristic of silica confirmed by the XRF results, where silica content is dominant.
5
Content available Green Fabrication of Nanoscale Energetic Molecular Perovskite (H2dabco)[Na(ClO4)3] with Reduced Mechanical Sensitivity
88%
Hu L.-s. , Du Z. , Liu Y. , Gong S. , Guang C. , Li X. , Yang Z. , Jia Q. , Liang K.
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
|
2021
|
tom Vol. 18, no. 3
369--384
EN
High-energy-density molecular perovskite energetic materials with high detonation performance have attracted much attention, but poor safety performance has limited their potential applications. In this paper, nano sodium perchlorate-based molecular perovskite (H2dabco)[Na(ClO4)3] (nano DAP-1) was fabricated by green ball-milling technology. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized and the results showed that nano DAP-1 with nearly spherical morphology has a narrow particle size distribution, < 1 μm. The thermal decomposition properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The exothermic peak of nano DAP-1 thermal decomposition was 330.0 °C, a decrease of 51.7 °C compared with that of raw DAP (381.7 °C). The apparent activation energy (Ea) of nano DAP-1 was calculated to be 160.9 kJ·mol–1, which is lower than that of raw DAP-1 (168.6 kJ·mol–1). Mechanical sensitivity studies showed that nano DAP-1 (H50: 64 cm) exhibited a lower impact sensitivity than that of the raw DAP-1 (H50: 51 cm). This work provides a simple and effective way for improving the thermal decomposition properties and safety performance of molecular perovskite energetic materials.
6
Content available Effect of Milling Time Parameter on the Microstructure and the Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 Alloys
88%
Sharief P. , Madavali B. , Koo J. M. , Kim H. J. , Hong S. , Hong S.-J.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2019
|
tom Vol. 64, iss. 2
585-590
EN
Nanostructured thermoelectric materials receiving great attention for its high thermoelectric performance. In this research, nanostructured n-type Bi2 Te2.7 Se0.3 alloys have prepared using high energy ball milling and followed by spark plasma sintering. Also, we have varied ball milling time to investigate milling time parameter on the thermoelectric properties of n-type Bi2 Te2.7 Se0.3 powder. The powders were discrete at 10 min milling and later particles tend to agglomerate at higher milling time due to cold welding. The bulk fracture surface display multi-scale grains where small grains intersperse in between large grains. The maximum Seebeck coefficient value was obtained at 20-min milling time due to their lower carrier density. The κ values were decreased with increasing milling time due to the decreasing trend observed in their κL values. The highest ZT of 0.7 at 350 K was observed for 30-min milling time which was ascribed to its lower thermal conductivity. The Vickers hardness values also greatly improved due to their fine microstructure.
7
Content available A Facile Method for the Production of Sn-Ag Alloy by High Energy Ball Milling
88%
Sharma A. , Ahn B.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2020
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tom Vol. 65, iss. 4
1329--1333
EN
In this study, we have developed Sn-Ag alloy by a simple high energy ball milling technique. We have ball-milled the eutectic mixture of Sn and Ag powders for a period of 45 h. The milled powder for 45 h was characterized for particle size and morphology. Microstructural investigations were carried out by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction studies. The melting behavior of 45 h milled powder was studied by differential scanning calorimetry. The resultant crystallite size ofthe Sn(Ag) solid solution was found to be 85 nm. The melting point of the powder was 213.6°C after 45 h of milling showing depression of ≈6°C in melting point as compared to the existing Sn-3.5Ag alloys. It was also reported that the wettability of the Sn-3.5Ag powder was significantly improved with an increase in milling time up to 45 h due to the nanocrystalline structure of the milled powder.
8
Content available Effect of Y2O3 Nanoparticles on Corrosion Study of Spark Plasma Sintered Duplex and Ferritic Stainless Steel Samples by Linear Sweep Voltammetric Method
88%
Shashanka R. , Chaira D. , Kumara Swamy B. E.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2018
|
tom Vol. 63, iss. 2
749--763
EN
The microstructure and corrosion properties of spark plasma sintered yttria dispersed and yttria free duplex and ferritic stainless samples were studied. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) was carried out at 1000°C by applying 50 MPa pressure with holding time of 5 minutes. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) tests were employed to evaluate pitting corrosion resistance of the samples. Corrosion studies were carried out in 0.5, 1 and 2 M concentration of NaCl and H2SO4solutions at different quiet time of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 seconds. Yttria dispersed stainless steel samples show more resistance to corrosion than yttria free stainless steel samples. Pitting potential decreases with increase in reaction time from 2 to 10 seconds. Similarly, as concentration of NaCl and H2SO4 increases from 0.5 M to 2 M the corrosion resistance decrements due to the availability of more Cl¯ and SO42¯ ions at higher concentration.
9
The influence of ball milling conditions on the solid state reactions in Fe50Ge50 powder mixtures.
88%
Kubalova L. M. , Oleszak D. , Antolak A. , Jartych E. , Fadeeva V. I. , Kulik T.
Archives of Materials Science
|
2004
|
tom Vol. 25, nr 4
531-538
EN
Solid state reaction and evolution of phase composition by milling of Fe50Ge50 powder mixture using two types of mills - Fritsch P-5 and figh energy MAPF have been studied. X-ray diffraction, Moessbauer spectroscopy and differential scanning methods were used for analysis of milling products. In different mills the chemical interaction between Fe and Ge occured in different ways. Final mechanically alloyed phase was nanocrystalline FeGe (B20) however the process of FeGe formation was completed after 100 h MA in Fritsch and after 2 h MA in MAPF.
10
TEM and HREM structure characterization of ball milled intermetallic compounds.
88%
Maziarz W. , Lityńska L. , Dutkiewicz J.
Archives of Materials Science
|
2005
|
tom Vol. 26, nr 1-2
45-51
EN
Phase transitions and structure changes of several intermetallic alloys of gamma-TiAl and ß-NiAl base subjected to ball milling were investigated. It has been shown that in the case of gamma-TiAl alloys the ball milling process allows to obtain the fully amorphous phase after 60 hrs of milling, whereas in ß-NiAl alloys the formation of ß phase was observed already in the early stages of milling and only refinement of crystallite size down to nanometer scale was observed after the longest milling times. TEM observations revealed an amorphous band like structure with a high degree of chemical homogeneity in gamma-TiAl alloys milled for 60 h. However, dark field observations allowed to identify very small crystals of he size of a few nanometers within the amorphous matrix. The structure of ß-NiAl alloys has a nanocrystalline character with mean crystallite size close to 10 nm. The HREM studies allowed to identify both the individual nanocrystals of gamma-TiAl phase within the amorphous matrix and to estimate their size as well as the lamellar alpha2/gamma/alpha2 nanostructure. HREM observations of ß-NiAl alloys confirmed the presence of B2 intermetallic solid solution. The size of crystals varies across the sample and can be estimated between 2 and 7 nm, what is in a good agreement with the X-ray data.
11
Content available Reduction of Thermal Conductivity through the Dispersion of TiC Nanoparticles into a p-Type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 Alloy by Ball Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering
88%
Nagarjuna C. , Madavali B. , Lee M.-W. , Yoon S.-M. , Hong S.-J.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2019
|
tom Vol. 64, iss. 2
551--557
EN
The dispersion of nanoparticles in the host matrix is a novel approach to enhance the thermoelectric performance. In this work, we incorporate the TiC (x = 0, 1 and 2 wt.%) nanoparticles into a p-type Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 matrix, and their effects on microstructure and thermoelectric properties were systematically investigated. The existence of TiC contents in a base matrix was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The grain size decreases with increasing the addition of TiC content due to grain boundary hardening where the dispersed nanoparticles acted as pinning points in the entire matrix. The electrical conductivity significantly decreased and the Seebeck coefficient was slightly enhanced, which attributes to the decrease in carrier concentration by the addition of TiC content. Meanwhile, the lowest thermal conductivity of 0.97 W/mK for the 2 wt.% TiC nanocomposite sample, which is ~16% lower than 0 wt.% TiC sample. The maximum figure of merit of 0.90 was obtained at 350 K for the 0 wt.% TiC sample due to high electrical conductivity. Moreover, the Vickers hardness was improved with increase the addition of TiC contents.
12
Content available remote Determination of grindability characteristics of zeolite
88%
Ipek H. , Goktepe F.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
|
2011
|
tom Vol. 47
183-192
EN
In this study grindability of zeolite was studied. The work index of zeolite was determined for three different test sieves. In terms of work indexes, there was insignificant difference between the test sieves. Additionally, the breakage rate and distribution parameters were also determined. The fastest breakage rate was obtained for -1700+1180 µm feed sizes and found breakage distributions functions were non-normalisable.
13
Content available Brazeability and Microstructure of Ag-28Cu Microjoining Filler Produced by High Energy Ball Milling
88%
Sharma A. , Chae M. J. , Ahn B.
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
|
2020
|
tom Vol. 65, iss. 4
1323--1327
EN
In this paper, we have studied the evolution of morphology and brazing behavior of Ag-28Cu alloy filler processed by high energy ball milling. The milling of the powder mixture was carried out for 40 h. The structural and morphological analyses were performed by the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The melting temperature of the braze filler was determined by differential thermal analysis. The filler wetting properties were assessed from the spread area ratio measurements on various Ti substrates. The results indicate that the ball milling can effectively depress the filler melting point and enhance the brazeability. The milled powder mixture showed Ag(Cu) solid solution with a crystallite size of 174-68 nm after 40 h. It was shown that the high energy ball milling can be a potential method to develop low temperature brazing fillers for advanced microjoining applications.
14
Content available Solid-State Mechanochemical Synthesis of Kaolinite-Urea Complexes for Application as Slow Release Fertilizer
88%
AlShamaileh E. M. , Al-Rawajfeh A. E. , Alrbaihat M. R.
Journal of Ecological Engineering
|
2019
|
tom Vol. 20, nr 9
267--276
EN
This study investigated a mechanochemical (MC) process for synthesizing a slow-release urea fertilizer by cogrinding the starting materials of (NH2)2CO and amorphous kaolinite in a planetary ball mill. The tests with kaolinite contents ranging from 25 to 75 wt. %, milling time ranging from 1 (h) to 3 (h) and mill rotational speeds from 200 to 700 rpm were performed to evaluate the incorporation of (NH2)2CO and release of nitrogen into the solution. The analyses conducted using XRD, TGA, FT-IR and KNDU (Kjeldahl Nitrogen Determination Unit) indicated that the MC process was successfully applied to incorporate (NH2)2CO into the amorphous kaolinite structure. The release of nitrogen from the system (kaolinite-(NH2)2CO) when dispersed in water for 24 h reached up to 20% at 25% wt of kaolinite. Moreover, under the milling speed conditions for the system (kaolinite–(NH2)2CO), release of nitrogen reached between 25 and 40%. These results indicated that the MC process can be developed to allow amorphous kaolinite to act as a carrier of nitrogen nutrients to be released slowly for use as fertilizer.
15
Content available Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine HMX/TATB Explosive Co-crystals
88%
An C. , Li H. , Zhang Y. , Ye B. , Xu C. , Wang J.
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
|
2017
|
tom Vol. 14, no. 4
876--887
EN
An explosive co-crystal of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) was prepared by the ball milling method. The raw materials and co-crystals were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy. Impact and friction sensitivity of the co-crystals were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the HMX/TATB co-crystals are spherical in shape and 100-300 nm in size. The co-crystals are different from anintimate mixture of HMX/TATB and they exhibit a new co-crystal structure. HMX/TATB co-crystals are formed by N-O···H hydrogen bonding between −NO2 (HMX) and −NH2 (TATB). The drop height of ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals is 12.7 cm higher than that of ultrafine HMX, whilst the explosion probability of friction is 20% lower than that of ultrafine HMX. Ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals are difficult to initiate under impact and friction conditions.
16
Content available Effect of heat treatment on breakage rate function of ulexite
75%
Ipek H. , Sahan H.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
|
2013
|
tom Vol. 49, iss. 2
651--658
EN
The kinetics of batch grinding and heat treated of ulexite using different size fractions (–3350+2360, –2360+1700, –1700+1180, 1180+850, –850+600, –600+425, –425+300, –300+212 and – 212+150 micrometers was determined using a standard Bond ball mill. It was found that breakage of ulexite follows the first order behavior for all feed sizes with the correlation coefficients equal to approximately 98%. The dry grinding of the single-sized fraction and heat treatment of ulexite showed that heat treatment samples were ground much faster than the original ulexite samples.
17
Content available Brazeability and Microstructure of Ag-28Cu Microjoining Filler Produced by High Energy Ball Milling
75%
Sharma A. , Chae M. J. , Ahn B. , Sharma A. , Chae M. J. , Ahn B.
|
|
tom 65
|
nr 4
18
Content available Reduction of Thermal Conductivity through the Dispersion of TIC Nanoparticles into a p-Type BI0.5SB1.5TE3 Alloy by Ball Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering
75%
Nagarjuna C. , Madavali B. , Lee M.-W. , Yoon S.-M. , Hong S.-J.
|
19
Content available Effect of Milling Time Parameter on the Microstructure and the Thermoelectric Properties of n-Type BI2TE2.7SE0.3 Alloys
75%
Sharief P. , Madavali B. , Koo J. M. , Kim H. J. , Hong S. , Hong S.-J.
|
20
Content available remote Effect of ball milling on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and development of Al-hBN nanocomposites by powder metallurgy route
75%
Ghosh A. , Shukla U. , Sahoo N. , Ganguly S. , Shrivastava P. , Kumar L. , Alam S. N.
Materials Science Poland
|
2023
|
tom Vol. 41, No. 1
68--93
EN
This study reports on the exfoliation of bulk hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) by high-energy ball milling and the development of Al-hBN (alumninum-hexagonal boron nitride) nanocomposites by the powder metallurgy (PM) route via the incorporation of the exfoliated hBN in the Al matrix as a nanoreinforcement. The effect of ball milling on the morphology, crystallite size, lattice strain, and thermal stability of hBN powder have also been reported in this paper. Commercially available bulk hBN was ball milled for up to 30 hours in a high-energy planetary ball mill in order to exfoliate the hBN. Although no new phases were formed during milling, which was confirmed by the XRD (x-ray powder diffraction) spectra, ball milling resulted in the attachment of functional groups like hydroxyl (OH) and amino (NH2) groups on the surface of the hBN, which was confirmed by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) analysis. HRTEM (high resolution transmission electron microscopy) analysis confirmed the synthesis of hBN having few atomic layers of hBN stacked together after 20 hours of milling. After 20 hours of milling, the hBN particle size was reduced from ~1 μm to ~400 nm, while the crystallite size of the 20-hourmilled hBN powder was found to be ~18 nm. Milling resulted in a flake-like structure in the hBN. Although milling involved both exfoliation as well as reagglomeration of the hBN particles, a significant decrease in the diameter of the hBN particles and their thickness was observed after a long period of milling. The average thickness of the 20-hour-milled hBN flakes was found to be ~32.61 nm. HRTEM analysis showed that the hexagonal structure of the milled hBN powder was maintained. Al-based nanocomposites reinforced with 1%, 2%, 3%, and 5% by weight hBN were fabricated by PM route. The Al-hBN powder mixtures were cold-compacted and sintered at 550◦C for 2 hours in argon (Ar) atmosphere. The maximum relative density of ~94.11% was observed in the case of Al-3 wt.% hBN nanocomposite. Al-3 wt.% hBN nanocomposite also showed a significant improvement in hardness and wear resistance compared to the pure Al sample that was developed in a similar fashion. The maximum compressive strength of ~999 MPa was observed in the case of Al-3 wt.% hBN nanocomposite and was approximately twice that of the pure Al sample developed in a similar fashion.
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