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1 Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

1 2014

1 Włodarczyk E.

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Laicyzacja szkół publicznych w województwie wrocławskim w latach 1945–1961 jako przejaw nietolerancji religijnej w Polsce Ludowej

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Włodarczyk E.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

2014

tom XII

nr 4

73-89

The article deals with the problem of laicization of schools owned by the state, which were based in Wrocław Province within the period between the end of the Second World War and the year 1961, in which the following were passed: Act on development of the educational and rearing system of 15 July, Order of the Minister of Education of 19 August, concerning running of catechetic centres, and Instruction of the Minister of Education of 21 November, relating to the mode or realizing the Order of the Minister of Education of 19 August 1961 (as above). The problem area which the author undertakes to discuss concerns the State-Church relations, that is – specifically – how the communist authorities influenced teaching of religion by clergymen or lay persons in state schools, as well as how that was received by the Church and society. The idea of transferring the teaching of religion from schools to catechetic centres poses a most significant problem with regard to both legal and historical contexts. Laicization of schools offered one of the pretexts for turning the clergy away from any functions performed by them in state-run schools until then. The communist authorities did their best to separate the Church from society, to maximally decrease its significance (functions and tasks), and – in that way – to influence the nation so that it should become anti-clerical. In her article, the author also discusses the legislation, that is formation and bringing into life regulations which directly relate to teaching religion in schools, and their interpretation by the then authorities. Furthermore, she describes obeying to those regulations of law by the clergy, as well as execution of acts of disregard for them by relevant organs.