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Content available Bibliografia dzieł Samuela Przypkowskiego
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his article presents the literary output of Samuel Przypkowski. An outstanding philosopher and Arian activist, he wrote over fifty works during his life. These were primarily letters of a religious, philosophical and political nature. In Przypkowski’s outputs there were also biographies, as well as songs praising the house of Radziwiłł. Aside from Zbigniew Morsztyn, Samuel Przypkowski is one of the most prominent Arian poets. Until now, no exact bibliography of his entire legacy has been published. The purpose of the article was to collect, organize, and indicate the location of all possible manuscripts and places of printing. The article also includes texts that we only know from correspondence, since they have been destroyed. The article allows the rapid location of any given work, its possible editions as well as translations or summaries
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Zofia Kossak, author of excellent historical novels, outstanding books for young readers and many other fine literary works, liked to describe landscapes, with the mountains being her favourite landscapes. She sensed their sacred dimension, as it were, and symbolic meanings. She “read” them as cultural texts and described their colours, scents and sounds with a large dose of sensuality, which made her descriptions dynamic. As a result, they still seem to be moving and the people included in them always travel across space and inside their inner selves. Space is described in a sensual manner true to reality, because the writer knew it from experience; enchantment but also realism can be found in all descriptions and plots — constructed in a way that would make it possible to show this space as much as possible, at various times of day and year. This is precisely the case of Złota wolność (Golden Liberty), a novel about the 17th century, the action of which takes place in the regions of Nowy Sącz, the Island Beskids and the Pieniny. The protagonists of the novel, Sebastian and Piotr Pielsz, brothers from Czarny Potok, are Polish Brethren, fighting for the affection of one girl, Hanka, whose heart is won by the younger brother, Piotr, a brave Winged Hussar who fought under Chodkiewicz at the Battle of Kircholm. All this is happening against the background of lush highland nature described with admiration, at various times of the year.
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The paper focuses on the lost Shrovetide songs by Arian preacher and writer Jan Stoiński. They were still known in the times of F.S. Bock or K. Sandius, but subsequent historians and bibliographers only researched them on the basis of the works of their predecessors. They have recently been discovered in Andrzej Lubieniecki’s silva rerum (manuscript of the Remonstrant Library 527, p. 682–691). The songs were probably written down in Lubieniecki’s book several years before 1667 and given the title indicating the detailed circumstances of the works’s creation: in 1667, in Lithuania, Łostaje estate – the property of “Mrs. Koszkielowa” (Kosküll, Koschkull), who went on to marry Albrycht Arciszewski; the songs were written in reaction to the drunkenness of “Mr. Wolan,” an Evangelical Christian. Pieśni mięsopustne is composed of six stichic poems in octosyllabic verse, written in preacher-like rhetorical form. Song I constitutes an introduction, with the poet addressing “Christians living in excess” and announcing that his mission is to remind them that eternal happiness needs to be earned through virtuous conduct and good deeds and to warn them not to engage in devious speculation or abuse God’s mercy. The songs include references to Shrovetide customs, especially through harsh criticism of alcohol abuse. An important element of their persuasive character consists in debunking the arguments of sinners attempting to make excuses for their wrongdoings (e.g. by referring to the figure of the Penitent Thief), which is accompanied by condemnation of bad attitudes, preaching, and calling for repentance. Interestingly, despite criticism aimed at the Catholic approach to fasting, the songs do not condemn or scold any particular denomination.
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Artykuł prezentuje znane dawnym historykom, a współcześnie uznawane za zaginione pieśni zapustne Jana Stoińskiego. Zostały one odnalezione w sylwie Andrzeja Lubienieckiego (Biblioteka Remonstrantów w Rotterdamie, rkps 527, s. 682–691). Noszą tam tytuł „Pieśni mięsopustne”, towarzyszy mu określenie okoliczności powstania utworu (na Litwie w Łostajach, w domu pani Koszkielowej w 1650 r.). Na cykl składa się sześć pisanych ośmiozgłoskowcem utworów, utrzymanych w kaznodziejskiej retoryce. W artykule przedstawiono przeglądowo ich tematykę i zacytowano wybrane fragmenty.The paper presents Shrovetide songs by Jan Stoiński, known among past historians but in the recent times believed to be lost. They were discovered in Andrzej Lubieniecki’s silva rerum (manuscript of the Remonstrant Library 527, p. 628–691), where they appear under the title Pieśni mięsopustne [“Carnival Songs”]. The circumstances surrounding the creation of the work are described as well (it was written in Łostaje estate, Lithuania, in the house of Mrs. Koszkielowa in 1650). The cycle is composed of six pieces written in octosyllabic verse and preacher-like rhetorical form. The paper provides a review of their thematic content and citations of selected fragments.
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Content available Barbarzyńcy według Salwiana z Marsylii
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In De gubernatione Dei, Salwian of Marseilles assesses barbarians in a negative and positive manner. One might even get the impression that Salwian delivers a eulogy in honor of the barba- rians. The knowledge which Salwian communicates about the subject of barbarians is general in character, even sketchy. This knowledge comes from a certain rhetorical and literary canon, which was circulated at that time. Salwian does not give any more information on the topic of the barbarians directly from him. Although Salwian specifies the negative characteristics of individual barbarous nations, he is not especially interested in showing a negative image of them. Salwian shows barbarians in a rhetorical contrast to Roman Catholics. The pagan or Arian barbarians are portrayed in many cases as better than Roman Catholics and their guilt is shown to be lesser.
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A historical novel Złota wolność by Zofia Kossak‑Szczucka, connects the beginning ofthe 17th century with modern times. It was written right after the May Coup and became an argument in political‑ideological polemics. However, it did not lose the character of a proper historical novel, but when it is read against the background of the journalism of those days, it acquires the characteristics of a great comparison of the two eras. The author of the article conducted a comparative analysis of a novel and journalism of a conservative journal „Czas”, in which Zofia Kossak published her novel. Historical politics practiced in the journal by distinguished journalists, references to historical School of Krakow and its generalizations, make it possible to recreate the ideological concept of a novel: respect for the rule of “the strong hand”, opposition to anarchy and the spirit of “rebellion”, reluctance towards “sejmocracy” and “party favouritism”. The author emphasizes the role of great leaders: Stanisław Zółkiewski and Karol Chodkiewicz, as well as an “ideologist” of changes, a Jesuit Piotr Skarga. The choice of this person enhances the meaning of Catholic axiology. As for the two hetmans, one can notice allusive references to Józef Piłsudski. A separate part in the novel is dedicated to the history of the Arian movement, shown at the moment of its disintegration and internal quarrels. Zofia Kossak presents the history of the Arians as an analogy to party fights in the 1920s. The main characters of the novel, i.e. “Christians”– the Pielszów Brothers – are located in the middle of the most important historical events of the era: in the Zebrzydowski’s rebellion and wars – the Livonian War and the Moscow War – under the leadership of both hetmans. Kossak’s novel can be interpreted in a broad context as a historically motivated warning against the disintegration of an independent country, involved in political fights between parties. According to the author, in order to rescue both the past and the present, authority should be strengthened and social reforms ought to be introduced. The shape of rules can be determined by a strong and authoritarian individual, but supported by national, religiously motivated unity. 
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