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1 Pomorania Antiqua

1 2020

1 Kowalski A. P.

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Antropologia pierwotnej kultury Gotów. Nazwy pojemników i naczyń

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Kowalski A. P.

tom Tom XXIX

s. 57-72

Archaeological research on the pottery production of the Goths communities is being developed successively. This mainly applies to the Wielbark and Chernyakhov cultures and related groups. The article is devoted to the names of vessels and containers in the Gothic language. The basis of the research is the Gothic Bible by Ulfila. This lexicon contains the names of pottery vessels (kas, digan, aurkeis), clay paste (þaho), potter (diʒulaz), names of vessels made of glass (stikls) and metal (ƕair, katils, mes). The latter were imported items and therefore belong to the layer of later borrowings. The names describing organic containers are the most durable. They show the most similarities with other Germanic languages. They have an established Indo-European etymology. The article contains hypotheses concerning the correlation between linguistic and archaeological data. Organic containers used in the household had stable and archaic terminology. They were common, made for a long time, although they are not often discovered by archaeologists. Imported vessels, made of rare raw materials, served to display prestige and belonged to luxury goods. They were a sign of a lifestyle adopted by local elite. The Goths passed metal and glass vessels along with their names to other peoples, mainly to the Balts and the Slavs. They played the role of intermediaries in the transmission of cultural goods from the territories of the Roman provinces to the areas of eastern Barbaricum.