The occurrence of stem and leaf diseases caused by pathogenic fungi was assessed on a shrot rotation willow plantation in Zabierzów Bocheński near Niepołomice. Willow bushes of different age (five, four, two – year) were cultivated on the plantation. The research was conducted in 2006–2007. Stem cancer caused by Cryptodiaporthe salicella as a willow shoot disease occurred with the higest frequency, while the most important leaf diseases were willow rust (Melamspora spp.) and leaf spotting (Drepanopeziza spp.). The oldest bushes of willow were most severely damaged by shoot and leaf diseases. Monitoring of willow diseases is a necessary strategy for the control of sanitary conditions of willows grown as bioenergetic plants.
The Polish energy potential development could in future depend on biomass production. The cultivation area of short rotation willow decreased in last years. One of the main reason was the epidemic occurrence of pests and diseases. The aim of this study was to recognize the main pests and pathogens of short rotation willow and to investigate the possibility of control. Field observation of pests and diseases were conducted in 2007–2009 at Field Experimental Station Winna Góra. Plant protection tests were performed in 2008–2009. The predominant pathogen and the most dangerous was recognized as Melampsora epitae, the casual agent of rust. It could caused plant defoliation and decreased biomass yield. An important disease was also anthracnose, caused by Glomerella cingulata. The pathogen caused leaf necroses and shoot death. Fungicide treatment showed high efficacy in the control of pathogens. The treatment also increased the biomass yield. Among pests the most important were Earias chlorana and Phratora vitellinae. Insecticide treatment reduced leaf damage caused by pests.
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