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EN
The rough mutants of Gram-negative bacteria are widely used to induce protective antisera but the nature of the target epitope for such antibodies is not precisely defined. Endotoxin is one of several antigens present on the surface of bacterial cells, which are able to elicit specific antibodies. We studied the specificity of antibodies produced against a conjugate of E. coli J5 endotoxin core oligosaccharide with tetanus toxoid. The use of chemically defined antigen for immunisation excludes the possibility of production of antibodies against other cell surface antigens. A comparison of this monospecific anti-endotoxin serum with antiserum against E. coli J5 whole cells was performed in order to distinguish the role that endotoxin core oligosaccharide plays in the interaction with humoral host defences from that of other potentially important Gram-negative bacterial surface antigens. The reactivity of both sera with smooth and rough lipopolysaccharides was determined in ELISA, immunoblotting and by flow cytometry. Both antisera reacted with similar specificity with most lipopolysaccharides of identical or related core type. Less distinct reactions with endotoxins of the antibacterial serum in comparison with the anti-conjugate serum were found in all serological tests. LPS of E. coli O100 that showed the strongest reactions with both sera was used to stimulate IL-6, TNFα and nitric oxide production by the J-774A.1 cell line. Both sera were used to inhibit that stimulation and no inhibitory effects of the examined sera in comparison with non-immune serum were observed.
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nr 2
175-178
EN
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies to the bluetongue virus (BTV) in animals imported to Poland in 2008, the calves born to bluetongue positive cows and Polish-origin animals kept together with imported cattle. From January 1 to December 15, 2008, a total of 25,495 samples of sera was tested using the c-ELISA and direct ELISA. Out of the tested sera, 1,511 (5.92 %) were found to be positive for BTV. The majority of seropositive cattle were imported to Poland from Germany (987; 65.3%) and the Netherlands (290; 19.2%). Maternal antibodies were detected in 129 (8.5%) samples of sera taken from calves born to seropositive dams of German and Dutch origin. The high number of seroreagents was the result of bluetongue vaccination implemented in BTV-infected EU member States in 2008. In conclusion, it can be stated that surveillance studies should be continued to monitor the actual bluetongue status of Poland. However, an ELISA for the differentiation of infected and vaccinated animals should be introduced to laboratory practice to determine the number of BTV post-infected seropositive animals in the population of imported animals.
EN
Background: Lyme disease is a multi-organ disease caused by spirochetes, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, transmitted by Ixodes, with its clinical picture including involvement of the skin, joints, nervous system and heart. Laboratory diagnostic tests for Lyme disease are mainly based on the detection of anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies by means of serological methods. Aim of the work: assessment of the level of antibodies against specific B. burgdorferi s.l. antigens in persons with suspected Lyme disease. Material and methods: the tested group consisted of 98 patients with suspected Lyme disease. During the first phase of the tests, anti-Borrelia burgdorferi IgM/IgG antibodies were marked using ELISA method, and positive and uncertain results were confirmed by Westernblot test (Wb). Results: anti-B. burgdorferi IgM/IgG antibodies were present in 60 patients (61.2%). IgM and IgG antibodies were detected as positive in 8 (8.1%) and 35 (35.7%) patients respectively. IgM and IgG were co-present in 6 persons (6.1%), including 2 persons (2%) with positive results in both classes. All patients with positive IgM (12 persons) had anti-OspC antibodies, and 2 patients had, in addition, anti-p31 antibodies. In patients with positive IgG the results were as follows: antibodies against antigen p17 - 77% of cases, VlsE - 74%, p30 - 46%, p39 - 44%, p83 - 38%, p19 - 31%, OspC/p25- 28%, p31 - 23%, p21 - 8%. Conclusions: laboratory diagnostic tests for Lyme disease must be performed in accordance with the current standards, positive and uncertain results must be confirmed by Westernblot test. Results of lab tests must correlate with patient’s symptoms.
PL
Wprowadzenie: Borelioza z L yme jest wielonarządową chorobą wywoływaną przez krętki Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, przenoszone przez kleszcze Ixodes, której obraz kliniczny wiąże się z zajęciem skóry, stawów, układu nerwowego i serca. Diagnostyka laboratoryjna boreliozy z L yme opiera się głównie na wykrywaniu przeciwciał anty-Borrelia burgdorferi metodami serologicznymi. Cel pracy: ocena poziomu przeciwciał dla specyficznych antygenów B. burgdorferi s.l. u osób z podejrzeniem boreliozy z L yme. Materiały i metody: grupę badaną stanowiło 98 pacjentów z podejrzeniem boreliozy z L yme. W pierwszym etapie wykonano oznaczenie przeciwciał IgM/IgG anty-Borrelia burgdorferi metodą ELISA, a wyniki pozytywne i graniczne potwierdzono testem Western blot (Wb). Wyniki: obecność przeciwciał IgM/IgG anty-B. burgdorferi wykazano u 60 pacjentów (61,2%). Przeciwciała tylko w klasie IgM oraz tylko IgG na poziomie dodatnim stwierdzono odpowiednio u 8 (8,1%) oraz 35 (35,7%) pacjentów. Współistnienie IgM i IgG stwierdzono u 6 osób (6,1%), w tym u 2 (2%) na poziomie dodatnim w obu klasach. U wszystkich pacjentów z pozytywnym wynikiem w klasie IgM (12 osób) obecne były przeciwciała anty-OspC, u 2 pacjentów dodatkowo obecne były przeciwciała anty-p31. U pacjentów z pozytywnym wynikiem w klasie IgG uzyskano następujące wyniki: przeciwciała przeciwko antygenowi p17 - 77% przypadków, VlsE - 74%, p30 - 46%, p39 - 44%, p83 - 38%, p19 - 31%, OspC/p25- 28%, p31 - 23%, p21 - 8%. Wnioski: prowadząc diagnostykę laboratoryjną boreliozy z L yme należy postępować zgodnie z obowiązującymi standardami, wyniki dodatnie i graniczne uzyskane metodą ELISA, należy potwierdzić testem Western blot. Wyniki badań laboratoryjnych muszą korelować z objawami występującymi u pacjenta.
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nr 2
EN
The aim of these investigations was to prepare the antigen and control sera for the ELISA. Positive control sera were obtained from 163 cows showing clinical symptoms of H. bovis infection and negative control sera came from 60 cows free from the infection. The antigen for the ELISA was prepared from H. bovis L1 larvae. Three basic fractions were isolated from whole excretory/secretory antigen by elution from gel and by preparative isoelectrofocusing. Using the Western-Blotting method it was demonstrated that Hy A (22-24 kDa and pI 4-5) had the best antigenic property. As can be seen from these investigations, the developed ELISA antigen for the detection of H. bovis antibodies in cows is highly specific and sensitive.
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