Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Opis gęsty - antropologia i film

100%

Włodek P.

Kwartalnik Filmowy

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2013

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nr 82

230-235

PL

Zgodnie z opinią recenzentki, książka Sławomira Sikory "Film i paradoksy wizualności. Praktykowanie antropologii" (2012) przybliża zagadnienia antropologii wizualnej jeszcze niezbyt szeroko opisanej w Polsce. Autor omawia zarówno historię filmów antropologicznych (od ich zarania w 1895 r.), teorię i rozwój samej antropologii i jej wizualnej odmiany, ale również odwołuje się do kina dokumentalnego, przywołując jednocześnie kolejne definicje dziedziny oraz – na przykładach analiz filmowych – narzędzia i metody badań antropologicznych. Sikora podkreśla zarówno interdyscyplinarny potencjał antropologii, jak i jej akademicką samozwrotność. Celem książki zdaje się zarówno historyczne i definicyjne zakotwiczenie dziedziny (nawet jeśli ową definicją okazuje się właśnie brak definicji, a raczej procesualność, migotliwość i stała zmienność), upomnienie o jej równorzędną rolę w obszarze nauki, jak i przybliżenie najważniejszych filmowych dokonań antropologii wizualnej.

EN

According to the reviewer Sławomir Sikora’s book "Film i paradoksy wizualności. Praktykowanie antropologii" ("Film and Paradoxes of Visuality. Practicing Anthropology", 2012) introduces issues of visual anthropology that are still not widely known or described in Poland. The author discusses both the history of anthropological films (from their beginning in 1895), the theory and development of anthropology and its visual subdiscipline, but also refers to documentary cinema, evoking both the subsequent definitions of the discipline and using the examples of film analysis – tools and research methods of anthropology. Sikora highlights both the interdisciplinary potential of anthropology, as well as its academic reflexivity. The purpose of the book seems to be both historical and definitional anchoring of the discipline (even if this definition turns out to be precisely the lack of definition, but rather a process, or a kind of flickering and constant volatility), a reminder of its equal role in the world of science, as well as highlighting the most important film achievements of visual anthropology.

2

Ciała w glorii. Z antropologicznego archiwum estetyzacji

80%

Nowak E.

Estetyka i Krytyka

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2017

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nr 2(45)

103-118

EN

Archaic texts and artifacts shows that human appearance, physiognomy, figure, charm, motoric, and body functioning was perceived as ‘significant’ in peculiar contexts. They are worth recalling. Among others, biometric identification and mantic were practiced in ancient Mediterranean cultures. In the Middle Ages, human body became meaningful when celebrating in isolation from its everyday functionalities. Its ‘glory’ only appeared in light of eschatology. Nowadays, splendid ‘ideal’ bodies detach themselves from both transcendent as well as immanent meanings (i.e., psyche, interiority). They seem to be empty, as Giorgio Agamben emphasizes.

3

O dílčích typech filosoficko-antropologického pojetí člověka a křižovatkách antropologického myšlení

80%

Petrucijová J.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 5

687-703

EN

The author defines three basic approaches to the conception of man which appear in the history of Western thought: essential, existential and interpretative. In the context of each approach she points to particular types of reflection of the human. Essentialism takes the form of either the kind that connects the common generic basis of man with reason (theoretical and practical), or the kind that connects the basis of humanity with the senses (observational and object-practical) and thus with naturalness. In the context of the existential approach the particular conceptions are viewed from the outlook of the principle What or who is the aim of going beyond the self, in which the basis of the individual is realised. Special attention is given to the particular types of the interpretative approach, including in general the hermeneutical, post-structuralist and post-modernist conceptions. The author presents a detailed analysis of the reflections on man in selected post-structuralist conceptions.

4

Natura ludzka – jaźń – indywidualność. Filozoﬁczno-antropologiczne i etyczne podstawy koncepcji demokracji Johna Deweya

80%

Nysler Ł.

Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia

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2007

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tom 2

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nr 1

55-75

EN

In this article I reconstruct some crucial concepts of John Dewey's naturalistic philosophical anthropology and ethics to show their importance for the Deweyan concept of democracy. In particular, I focus on such concepts, as “human nature”, “selfhood”, “individuality”, and “self-realization”, and argue that these concepts are indispensable if we want to effectively grasp what Dewey intended in his ideal of democracy. In this way I hope to show the vital significance of Dewey's thought for contemporary controversies in philosophical anthropology, ethics, social and political philosophy.

5

Anna Engelking, "Kołchoźnicy. Antropologiczne studium tożsamości wsi białoruskiej przełomu XX i XXI wieku". Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika

80%

Golachowska E.

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tom 38

340-345

EN

The monograph by Anna Engelking Kolkhoz members. Antropological study of identity in the Belorussian country at the turn of 20th and 21st centuries contains results of the research thet has been carried out for twenty years in Belarus. The author poses questions concerning the identity of Belarussian Kolkhoz members formed by themselves and shows that it is based on clear contrasts: peasant / landlord, Christian / Jew, believing / unbelieving. These contrasts are rooted in the past but the author shows that the contemporary Belorussian country is immersed in the past and earlier social order is still present in people’s minds despite political and economic changes.

6

Austrid, suitsulohe ja Stiltoni juust

80%

Leach E.

Mäetagused

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2012

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tom 51

129–140

EN

French anthropologist, ethnologist and myth researcher Claude Lévi-Strauss adopted from linguistics the structuralist model and cause an epistemological revolution in anthropolgy. His works have proved most influential in the fields of studying kinship relations, classifications and mythology, but also general understanding of history, culture and thinking. Lévi-Strauss believes that the basic characteristics of human nature remain the same in all cultures, while great civilisations emerge as a result of synergy between cultures. His structuralist theory is analysed and commented by the British social anthropologist Edmund Leach.

7

Muutide ja muistendite roll prantsuse antropoloogias

80%

Fournier L. S.

Mäetagused

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2012

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tom 51

49–58

EN

The article introduces research into myths and legends in French anthropology, giving a general theoretical and historical overview of the discipline and its trends. Among the approximately five hundred abstracts, which have recently been published in “Fichier Central des Thèses”, the database of French higher educational institutions, and which include the word “myth” either in the heading or the body of the text, less than 5% are researches into ethnology or anthropology, whereas the others come from the field of literary studies, psychology, sociology, linguistics, politology, etc. This proves that myths cover a considerably wider range of disciplines than anthropological studies. This brief overview presents only a part of the diverse and complicated French myth and legend studies. From the point of view of terminology, it would be essential to establish if all the authors who discuss the notion of the myth mean one and the same thing. The article focuses on anthropology, disregarding research into stories and legends in literary disciplines and myth-critical trends, as well as myth studies carried out by psychologists. Recent studies using myths in a figurative meaning – for instance, politology – have not been included either. Only printed materials have been used, leaving aside cultural activities, including museums, where myths, folk tales and legends find wider response than among the readers of academic publications. The facts presented in the article direct the reader to the key texts, in order to arouse curiosity and interest in this so far poorly studied topic in the era where anthropology is meant to regulate, above all, social and intercultural problems.

8

Kino i twarda rzeczywistosc

80%

Frąc W.

Kwartalnik Filmowy

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2011

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nr 75-76

63-67

EN

Reality in cinema can be considered its fulfillment (in the causal sort of way), and at the same time the impossibility of its fulfillment (within the teleological framework). This notion is confirmed by the variety of film realisms that exist, and also within a more general, aesthetic perspective by the susceptibility of realism to ideological appropriation. The fulfillment of reality in cinema is above all tied up with its anthropological consequences: a meaningful experience of film within existence marked by lack of teleology and the contemplation of the world as an element of understanding and taming of reality. At the same time the impossibility of the fulfillment of cinema in the reality is associated with the ability to overcome the sharpness or harshness of reality, which also addresses an important anthropological need.

9

Sprawozdanie z międzynarodowej interdyscyplinarnej konferencji naukowej pt. Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku

80%

Maslowska E. J.

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2016

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nr 7

129-135

EN

The international interdisciplinary conference The World through the Eyes of the Soul – The Soul in the Eyes of the World. Anthropological and linguistic images of the soul in an intercultural perspective took place in Warsaw on 15–17 October 2015. The event was initiated by the Institute of Slavic Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and organised in collaboration with the Institute of Oriental Studies, University of Warsaw, and the Slavic Foundation. The main idea of the event was to create a forum for discussion among specialists in various disciplines: anthropology, ethnography, philosophy, history of art, linguistics, cultural studies, literary studies, psychology, religious studies, theology, and sociology. Owing to its broad multi-cultural scope, the debate on the conceptualization of the soul across languages and cultures allowed for a variety of perspectives on the different experiences and conceptualizations of the non-material. Presented during the meeting were presented 81 papers (15 of them by young researches), by representatives of 16 foreign and 17 Polish research centres.

PL

Międzynarodowa interdyscyplinarna konferencja naukowa Świat oczyma duszy – dusza w oczach świata. Antropologiczno-językowe wizerunki duszy w perspektywie międzykulturowej, która odbyła się w Warszawie 15–17 października 2015 roku, została zorganizowana z inicjatywy Instytutu Slawistyki PAN przy współudziale Instytutu Orientalistyki Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego przez Fundację Slawistyczną. Celem konferencji było ukazanie sposobu konceptualizacji i statusu duszy w różnych językach i kulturach oraz różnych perspektywach badawczych. Dyskutowali specjaliści z różnych dyscyplin naukowych: antropolodzy, etnografowie, religioznawcy, filozofowie, historycy, teologowie, socjologowie. Podczas spotkania przedstawiono 81 referatów (w tym 15 autorstwa młodych badaczy) z 16 zagranicznych i 17 polskich ośrodków naukowych.

10

Egzegeza filozoficzna. Trzy ilustracje

80%

Grabowski M.

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2013

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nr 2(35)

147–166

EN

In this article the author uses the method of philosophical exegesis for the Parable of the Sower and for Jesus ‘answer to the disciples question’ regarding the metaphorical nature of His teachings. The idea of this exegesis is such that biblical symbols are paralleled with philosophical and anthropological concepts. The anthropological project derived from the results of this interpretation is then confronted in two of its details with F. Ebner’s concept of word and D. von Hildebrand’s description of depth. This juxtaposition shows the possibilities of anthropological reflection engendered from a philosophical reading of Bible.

11

Charakter pohřebního ritu jako odraz událostí 19. století na střední Moravě

70%

Šín L. , Vrána J.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2014

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tom 101

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nr 2

149-169

EN

The focus of the research was an anthropological and archeological rescue excavation of the site Majetín - Náves. This research was conducted by workers of Archaeological Centre Olomouc during September end October 2012. The aim of the research was to verify a potentional of this site, which is located on the northern border of the village.

12

Towards a General Theory of Fighting Arts

70%

Cynarski W.

Physical Activity Review

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2017

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tom 5

83-90

EN

Introduction: The fighting arts are an interesting area for researchers from many scientific disciplines around the world. Scientific investigations need to choose appropriate theory, language and methods. The first theory that gives us a special language is the Humanistic Theory of Martial Arts, HTMA. The second is the Anthropology of Martial Arts, AMA. The problem considered in this study is how we should study the martial arts & combat sports & systems, or ‘combatives’; what theoretical framework should we use. It is the author’s proposal for a scientific perspective which should be useful; an elaboration the Humanistic Theory of Martial Arts (HTMA) and definitions, the General Theory of Fighting Arts (GTFA), and the Anthropology of Martial Arts. Methodology: Participant observation, and qualitative content analysis of the literature were used. Methodology of research (in the area of the fighting arts) was also analyzed. Results and Discussion: General Theory of Fighting Arts – GTFA. In the GTFA we can study and explain a broad area of fighting arts and the related problems. These are: 1. Cultural areas of martial arts & combat sports & combat systems (according to AMA and HTMA); 2. Teaching concepts (technical and tactical issues), combat strategy (for self-defence and in combat sports), aspects of real fighting – interdisciplinary; 3. Bio-technical issues – from the perspective of sports sciences. The Research methodology for traditional East Asian martial arts requires its own practice and a high level of sophistication – at best, in more than one martial art. It is a qualitative method of participant observation associated with the experience of metaphysical dimensions. This special method is the ‘shugyo’ (Jap. shūgyō) – psychophysical study and experience from practicing psycho-physical systems. Michael Maliszewski was one of first researchers using this method. Conclusion: The GTFA is the sum of HTMA (humanistic, social and cultural issues), AMA (philosophical, cultural and biological approaches), and a part of Sport Sciences, for coaching, bio-technical and bio-medical issues, the methodology of teaching, etc. The GTFA now created should give us the opportunity to research and explain complicated problems of fighting arts, according to this new, holistic paradigm.

13

Поэтическая антроподицея Леонида Мартынова

70%

Rybalczenko T.

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nr 22/1

31-49

EN

The article reveals the picture of the world in poetry L. Martynov, to identify the concept of man as a demiurge-generation of evolution of space development as a tool of self-nature. The article accented the originality of the poetic philosophy and its proximity leading natural-philosophical and cultural concepts in the philosophy of the twentieth century: а noosphere idea in the philosophy of Russian cosmists, a sinergetics development model and the ecophilosophy the second half of the twentieth century. It installed here stability and correction of natural philosophy and anthropology of Martynov in his poetry from the 1920s to the 1970s.

14

Maritime Migration, Brexit and the Future of European Borders : Anthropological Previews

70%

Follis K.

Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)

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2017

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tom 104

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nr 1

5-18

EN

Since the start of this decade external borders of the European Union have increasingly become sites of hardship, uncertainty, danger and death as hundreds of thousands of people every year attempt to enter Europe to escape war and poverty in North and Sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. The year 2015 saw the arrival of over one million people via maritime routes, an unprecedented number that caused panic among politicians on the continent and unsettled societies of the “old” and the “new” European Union. Neo-nationalist and neo-fascist parties and movements gained significant ground. In June of 2016 voters in the United Kingdom chose to leave the European Union in the Brexit referendum whose erratic consequences will continue to play out for some time to come. The migratory crisis of the previous year fuelled the “Leave” vote by creating the perception that immigration to the EU is unchecked, and that the UK must “take control of its borders.” While it is not yet known what exactly is meant by “taking control,” we can observe that as a result of these events the terms and conditions of migration, mobility and citizenship in Europe are shifting. In this talk I will argue that this is a shift away from what I call the neoliberal-humanitarian consensus towards a new model whose exact shape is as yet undetermined, but whose emergent features are illuminated by recent anthropological scholarship. Drawing on the UK case study I will show that the control of borders and regulation of mobility is undergoing a distinct anti-humanitarian turn. I will explore the significance and prospects of this new anti-humanitarianism and the possibilities of anthropological insight.

15

Nostalgia against melancholy: artistic corporeal representations of the eternal return as a solution. A comparative approach to the work of Jon Mirande and Balthasar Klossowski

60%

Estenaga A. E.

Jednak Książki. Gdańskie Czasopismo Humanistyczne

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2018

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nr 9 "Memory, Melancholy and Nostalgia"

157-172

EN

This paper focuses on the role that nostalgia and memory play in avoiding the melancholy that the idea of death and passage of concrete real time convey to human beings. While archaic societies found collective responses to the issue and believed in the myth of the eternal return and cyclical time, their modern counterparts started to understand time as linear and, as a consequence, had to find other strategies to abolish concrete real time. By analysing art works from the anthropological and comparative approaches of art criticism, it is contended that art has been an important means to resolve the problem, as some of the corporeal artistic representations of the eternal return created during the 20th century demonstrate.

16

Antropologia, ludobójstwo i obrazowanie

60%

André S.

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2016

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nr 93-94 Kino amerykańskie

214-234

PL

Wydaje się, że antropologia długo dojrzewała do podjęcia tematu ludobójstwa albo – patrząc na to z drugiej strony – długo ten temat omijała. Przemiany, jakie zaszły w tej dziedzinie w drugiej połowie XX w. i później, wraz z coraz bardziej znaczącym oddziaływaniem antropologii zaangażowanej, zmieniły tę sytuację. André Singer, antropolog i filmowiec, był w ostatnich latach w różnym charakterze zaangażowany w produkcję trzech filmów – „The Act of Killing” (reż. Joshua Oppenheimer, 2012), “The Look of Silence” (reż. Joshua Oppenheimer, 2014) i “Night Will Fall” (reż. André Singer, 2014) – które wykorzystały ruchome obrazy do sportretowania ludobójstw dokonanych w całkiem odmiennych okolicznościach w Europie i Indonezji. W niniejszym tekście, na podstawie materiału zgromadzonego do wspomnianych filmów, Singer zastanawia się, czy paradygmat antropologiczny przyczynia się bądź czy mógłby się przyczynić do lepszego zrozumienia tych fenomenów.

EN

It seems that anthropology needed time to take up the topic of genocide or from another point of view, avoided the subject altogether. Transformations that took part in the discipline during the second half of the 20th century and later on, together with the growing importance of engaged anthropology, changed this. In recent years André Singer, an anthropologist and filmmaker, was involved in various capacities in the production of three films: “The Act of Killing” (dir. Joshua Oppenheimer, 2012), “The Look of Silence” (dir. Joshua Oppenheimer, 2014) and “Night Will Fall” (dir. André Singer, 2014) – which used moving images to portray genocide carried out in completely different circumstances in Europe and in Indonesia. In this text Singer is looking at whether the anthropological paradigm can contribute to the better understanding of these phenomena.

17

“There can be no ecology without an adequate anthropology” (LS 118). Which man can take care of our common home?

60%

Piola A.

Studia Koszalińsko-Kołobrzeskie

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2016

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nr 23

107-120

EN

One of the underlying thesis of Laudato si’ is the close link between anthropology and ecology. Pope Francis calls for an ecological conversion, which involves an adequate anthropology based on an authentic interpretation of man’s creation in God’s likeness. Only the man who sees himself and acts as guardian, and not as a tyrant, can take care of our common home.

PL

Jedną z najważniejszych tez encykliki Laudato si’ jest ścisły związek pomiędzy antropologią i ekologią. Papież Franciszek wzywa do ekologicznego nawrócenia, które wiąże się z właściwą antropologią opartą na autentycznej interpretacji stworzenia człowieka na obraz Boga. Tylko człowiek, który postrzega samego siebie i działa jako strażnik, a nie jako tyran, może zaopiekować się naszym wspólnym domem.

18

IMAGE AND IMAGO: A RATIONAL DEFENSE OF A THEOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF GENDER

60%

Klofft C. P.

Studia Gilsoniana

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2014

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tom 3: supplement

523-535

EN

Modern and Post-Modern discourse espouses a subjective understanding of gender. As a result, confusing new problems erupt in discussions as practical as marriage and as theoretical as questions of human meaning and purpose. Catholic theology, drawing primarily from the personalistic approach to gender contained in Pope John Paul II’s Theology of the Body, provides a consistent account of gender that is also compatible with the best evidence available in support of a purely rational approach. A defense of this approach could lead to a better understanding of ourselves and our relationships, to the betterment of culture as a whole.

19

Podróż nie tylko sentymentalna – „Japoński wachlarz” Joanny Bator w perspektywie antropologicznej

60%

Karwowska M.

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2016

|

tom LXXI

179-186

EN

Joanna Bator as a scholarship winner of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) and the Japan Foundation visited Tokyo three times. Published in 2004 (reprint 2011), L’éventail japonais (ang. The Japanese Fan) is the result of Bators Asian travels. L’éventail japonais is a personal and subjective recording of the experience of cultural otherness that feels an European, Polish writer while working as a lecturer at the University of Tokyo. In this book, Joanna Bator use an original creative technique she calls: zuihitsu, ie “as the brush guides.” The book therefore constituted a sort of collection or set of travel pictures which emerge an image of Japan.The sentimental threads presents in the book serve as a pretext for further discussion concerning anthropological problems and constitute a record of experience of Ego Cogito in the foreign cultural system of signs.

20

A preliminary report on the excavations of tomb AS 91 at Abusir South (autumn season 2016)

60%

Peterková Hlouchová M. , Bělohoubková D. , Sůvová Z. , Havelková P.

Pražské egyptologické studie (Prague Egyptological Studies)

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2017

|

nr 19

53-65

EN

This article summarises the excavations of tomb AS 91, uncovered during the autumn season of 2016 at AbusirSouth. The mastaba was highly damaged and its superstructure had almost completely disappeared. Three shafts were detected in the mastaba core. Shafts 1 and 2 were rather shallow, but to the contrary, Shaft 3 was considerably deeper, and at its bottom, an unfinished burial chamber was hewn. The burial had been looted, but a few fragmentarily preserved human bones, a fairly high number of animal remains, and even two Barn Owl skeletons were collected there. The archaeological report is supported by an archaeozoological analysis of the animal remains and by an anthropological study of the fragmentary human bones.