Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Anthropogenic impact on river basins : temporal evolution of sediment classes and accumulation rates in the northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy

100%

Scanu S. , de Mendoza F. P. , Piazzolla D. , Marcelli M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2015

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tom Vol. 44, No. 1

74--86

EN

In this study, sedimentological and geochronological data from sections of a core (GRT50) collected in the Northern Latium coastal area were compared to data on pluviometric (rainfall) trends, river flows and the temporal evolution of human interventions in the three most important hydrographic basins (Mignone, Marta and Fiora) of this coastal area. The statistical analysis of pluviometric trends identified variations due to a decreasing trend in the Fiora river basin, whereas in the two other locations the decrease was not so significant. Data from the sedimentological analysis of the core confirmed a progressive decrease in the sandy component, which declined from about 30% to the current level of 7% over the last 36 years. There was no significant variation in the sediment mass accumulation rates (MAR), which were characterized by an almost cyclic trend that was probably determined by the most intense floods in the study area. The results revealed that the variations caused by the fluvial processes have affected the water runoff of the Fiora River, and that the consequent decrease in the sand production has been responsible for the recession of beaches in the coastal area between Tarquinia and Montalto di Castro.

2

Geochemical background - an environmental perspective

100%

Gałuszka A. , Migaszewski Z. M.

Mineralogia

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2011

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tom Vol. 42, iss. 1

7--17

EN

This article presents the concept of geochemical background from an environmental perspective. The idea of establishing the typical concentrations of elements in various environmental compartments, proposed by exploratory geochemists almost 50 years ago was important for the detection of anomalous element concentrations, thus providing a basic tool in the search for new mineral deposits. At present, the knowledge of the geochemical background of hazardous elements is essential for: defining pollution, identifying the source of contamination, and for establishing reliable environmental quality criteria for soils, sediments and surface waters. The article presents geochemical methods of evaluation of anthropogenic influence on the environment and discusses the problem of defining and understanding the term “geochemical background” and related terms in environmental sciences. It also briefly presents methods of geochemical background evaluation based on the results of environmental sample analyses. It stresses the role of geochemical background in our understanding of environmental pollution and pollution prevention.

3

Assessment of the Impact of Natural and Anthropogenic Factors on the State of Water Objects in Urbanized and Non-Urbanized Areas in Lozova District (Ukraine)

100%

Loboichenko V. , Leonova N. , Shevchenko R. , Kapustnik A. , Yeremenko S. , Pruskyi A.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2021

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tom Vol. 22, iss. 2

59--66

EN

The paper analyzes the impact of urban areas on the state of water objects which are under the influence of these areas. Furthermore, the temporal regularities of the oscillations in electrical conductivity in a number of water objects in Lozova Town and Lozova District (Ukraine) were obtained using the method of conductometry. It was discovered that there was no significant anthropogenic impact on the studied water objects in Lozova Town and Lozova District of Kharkiv Region. The fluctuations in conductivity are mainly related to surface runoff. It was shown that the water in Lozova Town and Lozova District is characterized by electrical conductivity values in the range from 2000 μS to 3000 μS.

4

Effect of touristic activities on seabirds’ habitat selection on sandy beaches

100%

Costa L. , Rangel D. F. , Zalmon I.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2023

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tom Vol. 52, No. 3

287--298

EN

Seabirds are biological models for habitat selection studies at different spatial scales. In general, seabirds select areas with a higher availability of prey, but human disturbances can modify their spatial and temporal foraging patterns in urban coastal ecosystems. Here we tested the hypothesis that human activities prevent seabirds foraging on beach sectors that are impacted by urbanization and recreational activities. Seabirds were counted while foraging at the interface between the surf zone and foreshore in three sectors with different levels of urbanization in southeastern Brazil. Physical variables, prey abundance, and human stressors, such as the number of people and dogs, were also measured. The brown booby Sula leucogaster foraged mainlyin the least impacted sector, despite the lower abundance of prey and harsher physical conditions. The number of individuals of this species was negatively related to the number of people, indicating a human-induced avoidance behaviour. In turn, the kelp gull Larus dominicanus, asynatropic species, was more abundant in the high impact sector. Our results have implications for the management and conservation of sandy beaches, especially regarding the zoning and selection of priority areas for environmental protection and nature-based ecotourism activities.

5

Anthropogenic impact on river basins: temporal evolution of sediment classes and accumulation rates in the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy

75%

Scanu S. , Paladini de Mendoza F. , Piazzolla D. , Marcelli M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2015

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tom 44

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nr 1

6

Spatial and temporal analysis of landscape dynamics in the Kostanay region under an-thropogenic impacts

75%

Ozgeldinova Z. , Mukayev Z. , Zhanguzhina A. , Bektemirowa A. , Ulykpanova M.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2023

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tom Vol. 49, no 4

80--94

EN

The aim of the work is to develop a method of landscape dynamics under anthropogenic impact. The developed methodology is tested on the territory of Kostanay region, which is one of the main regions of mining industry development, with a focus on iron ore mining and crop production. Space images and field survey results are used as input materials. In general, the work consists of the following six stages: the first stage includes the selection and processing of space images, the second stage includes the calculation of indices based on data from different channels of space images, the third stage includes field work aimed at collecting information for verification of the obtained results on the basis of RS data, the fourth stage includes the calculation of range values, the fifth stage comprises verification of the obtained indices, and the final sixth stage deals with calculation of the integral index of landscape degradation degree and analysis of landscape dynamics under anthropogenic impacts. The calculation of the integral indicator of the degree of degradation of the natural environment of the Kostanay region, based on the degradation of each indicator in the conditions of anthropogenic impact, allowed for identification of landscapes with different degrees of degradation (from weak to very strong). The research confirmed that landscapes with a high degree of degradation under anthropogenic impact are confined to semi-desert landscapes in the south of the study region. The degradation of these landscapes is associated not only with anthropogenic impacts but also with natural and climatic features that influence the development of landscape pollution processes. On the contrary, landscapes with a weak degree of degradation correspond to the forest-steppe and steppe zones, characterized by a high level of economic development and resistance to anthropogenic impacts. The verification of the obtained indicators by the values of the remaining 25% of field points determines the reliability of the obtained results, ranging from 87% to 92%, confirming the correct choice of methods and techniques for obtaining the results, especially the choice of field methods and vegetation and non-vegetation indices for assessing the selected indicators. Subsequently, based on the verified map of degradation of the natural environment, created through space monitoring for a certain period, it is possible to forecast the functioning of the natural environment in the conditions of anthropogenic impact.

7

First record of straight-needle pteropod Creseis acicula Rang, 1828 bloom in the Çanakkale Strait (NE Aegean Sea, Turkey)

75%

Tunçer S. , Öğretmen N. , Çakır F. , Öztekin A. , Oral A. , Suner S. C.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2021

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tom Vol. 50, No. 3

310--324

EN

Pteropods are marine pelagic calcifier mollusks sensitive to chemical changes in seawater due to their highly soluble aragonite shells. Increased acidity (reduced pH) of seawater causes difficulties in precipitating their shells and/or results in their dissolution, which is related to increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations and warming of seawater. They are therefore indicators of environmental changes. In this paper, we present the first record of the straight-needle pteropod Creseis acicula Rang, 1828 bloom in the surface waters of the Ҫanakkale Strait, Turkey (NE Aegean Sea), encountered in July 2020, when the highest sea surface temperatures and pH levels since 2007 were recorded. In coastal zones, such as the Ҫanakkale Strait, anthropogenic activity contributes significantly to environmental changes. Consequently, the increase in pH at elevated temperatures indicates an auxiliary factor (i.e. anthropogenic activity) that triggered the C. acicula bloom, rather than global atmospheric CO2 levels.

8

Challenges and perspectives for human activity in Arctic coastal environments – a review of selected interactions and problems

75%

Jaskólski M. W.

Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development

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2021

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tom 25

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nr 2

127-143

EN

The currently observed increase in human activity in the Arctic accelerates the negative impact on the environment as well as increases the risk of threats to mankind itself. This paper reviews and summarises a selection of studies on the interaction between humans and the environment in the Arctic coastal zone, which is impacted by a warming climate and associated geohazards. The paper presents a general description of human presence in the Arctic, identifies and describes the processes that are threatening the infrastructure, and the anthropogenic processes that have a negative impact on the Arctic. It considers the possible future economic opportunities, and presents the sustainable requirements for modern human activity in the Arctic. The paper demonstrates the urgent need to develop a common, Arctic-wide strategy based on sustainable development. The time has come to change human perception of the Arctic because, in the near future, it may be considered as a refuge for climate change refugees.

9

Assessment of the climate and human impact on estuarine water environments in two estuaries of the Bay of Biscay

75%

Iriarte A. , Villate F. , Uriarte I. , Arranz S.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2016

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tom Vol. 45, No. 4

505--523

EN

The effect of climate variability on estuarine water environments was assessed in two systems of the Bay of Biscay, the estuaries of Bilbao and Urdaibai, with contrasting morphology, hydrodynamic features and anthropogenic influence. To that purpose, the main time scales of variability in relevant environmental factors were established along spatial salinity gradients and, using a combination of multivariate and regression analyses, the contribution of each factor to the total variability, as well as the influence of climate factors in the seasonal and inter-annual estuarine environment variations were assessed. The major seasonal modes of variability in the water environments of both estuaries were accounted for by water temperature together with salinity stratification and/or chlorophyll a. This seasonal variability was associated with climate variability, as shown by the relationship with air temperature and river flow. The major inter-annual modes of variability were also accounted for by water temperature, along with dissolved oxygen and/or chlorophyll a in Bilbao, and chlorophyll a and/or transparency in Urdaibai. These were also associated with climate variability, in this case summer air temperatures. Water quality variables, such as dissolved oxygen and transparency, were found to be sensitive to reveal the effect of long term anthropogenic activities.

10

A two-decade record of variations in suspended sediment in the Warta River, a lowland river in western Poland

75%

Skolasińska K. , Nowak B. , Bradtke K.

Geological Quarterly

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2020

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tom Vol. 64, No. 4

1048--1060

EN

Fluctuations in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) has been investigated in the Warta River(western Poland), based on data obtained for the period 1961-1980 from three gauge stations located in upstream, middle-stream and downstream areas. Over the two decades, the SSC values demonstrated wide fluctuations and an overall increase at each gauge station. No significant correlation was generally observed between SSC and discharge but high SSC was found to follow low discharge and increasing temperature during the summer seasons in some years. Measurements of SSC and discharge were used to estimate total annual suspended sediment load (SSL). SSL values were found to increase downstream along with an increase in discharge. SSC decreases along the river course. However, when it comes to changes over time, SSL variability was mainly determined by SSC changes. The maximum SSC values were primarily caused by anthropogenic factors: the disposal of mine wastewater upstream, river training works, increased urbanisation and the intensification of sewage disposal. Where the river catchment has been greatly affected by anthropogenic factors, a denudation index calculated solely based on SSC and discharge does not appear to reflect the actual denudation rate, and must be treated with caution.

11

Climatic and anthropogenic drivers of zero-flow events in intermittent rivers in Poland

75%

Rutkowska A. , Osuch M. , Żelazny M. , Banasik K. , Klimek M.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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tom no. 57

52--61

EN

River intermittence was studied based on data from hydrological monitoring in Poland. We screened the entire state database and two another data sources applying the criterion for zero-flow event: discharge less than 0.0005 m3∙s-1, and found five intermittent rivers with catchment area from 9.2 to 303.7 km2. We aimed at finding associations between intermittence and climatic driving forces (temperature and precipitation), and between intermittence and anthropogenic activity. We used the Spearman correlation coefficient, circular statistics, and statistical tests for trend. The concentration of zero-flow days, mostly in summer, and the decreasing trend in the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in all catchments at various aggregation levels, and an increasing trend in the total number of zero-flow days and in the maximum length of zero flow events in two rivers, were detected. The strong negative correlation (–0.62 ≤ ρ < 0) between intermittence and the SPEI backward lagged in time showed that intermittence resulted from prolonged deficits in climatic water balance due to increasing evapotranspiration. The reaction of the Noteć catchment, amplified by the anthropogenic pressure (brown coal mines), was reflected in the atypical shape of the rose diagram and in inhomogeneities in river discharges. The results show that the rose diagram can serve as an indicator of the degree of anthropogenic impact on runoff conditions.

12

Application of variational data assimilation algorithms in the ecological monitoring system

75%

Rakhmetullina S. , Turganbayev Y. , Gromaszek K.

Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

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2012

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tom nr 4a

33-35

EN

The article deals with a question of application of variation algorithms in the system of ecological monitoring for the detection of sources of pollution with unknown location.

PL

Artykuł poświęcony jest zadaniu wykorzystania algorytmu wariacyjnej asymilacji danych w systemie monitoringu ekologicznego do wyznaczenia funkcji stanu oceny intensywności znanego źródła oraz detekcji źródeł zakłóceń o nieznanych lokalizacjach.

13

Phytocenotic structure and physico-chemical properties of a small water body in agricultural landscape

75%

Sender J. , Kulak A.

Acta Agrobotanica

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2014

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tom 67

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nr 2

EN

Small water bodies, until recently considered as wasteland, are an essential element of the so-called small water retention. Their main use can vary significantly, but they always play a positive role by increasing water resources and enhancing the natural values of the landscape. Moreover, by increasing biodiversity thanks to plants forming habitats for many species of flora and fauna, small water bodies act as a biofilter, improving water quality. But these small reservoirs belong to the groups of waters that are most exposed to damage, especially within the catchment area. Because of the invaluable role of small farmland water bodies, a study was undertaken to investigate their phytocenotic structure. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the level of threats and to indicate their role in the development of habitat conditions. The investigated reservoir was created in 2007. Before that time, it functioned as a part of the Zemborzycki reservoir, as they were close to each other. Almost the entire surrounding of this small reservoir consisted of farmland. In 2011 a revitalization project was carried out in the reservoir. Plants typical for wetland habitats were mainly introduced, while synanthropic vegetation was removed. Based on chemical and physical analyses, it can be concluded that the investigated reservoir serves as a natural biofilter thanks to the qualitative and quantitative changes in the structure of macrophytes. After the revitalization project, the investigated pond gained new aesthetic and ecological qualities.

PL

Małe zbiorniki wodne, do niedawna uważane za nieużytki, są podstawowym elementem tzw. małej retencji. Zasadnicze przeznaczenie może być bardzo różne, ale zawsze pełnią pozytywną rolę zwiększając zasoby wodne i wzbogacając walory przyrodnicze krajobrazu. Dodatkowo poprzez zwiększanie różnorodno ści biologicznej, dzięki roślinom je porastającym i tworzącym siedliska dla wielu gatunków flory i fauny, małe zbiorniki wodne pełnią rolę biofiltra, poprawiaj ąc jakość wody. Jednakże te małe zbiorniki wodne nale żą także do najbardziej zagrożonych. Ze względu na nieocenioną rolę małych zbiorników wodnych krajobrazu rolniczego, zostały podjęte badania obejmujące analizę ich struktury fitocenotycznej. Ponadto, podjęto próbę oceny stopnia zagrożenia i wskazanie jego roli w rozwoju warunków siedliskowych. Badany zbiornik powstał w 2007 roku. Wcześniej funkcjonował jako jedna z zatok Zalewu Zemborzyckiego. Niemalże całe bezpośrednie otoczenie małego zbiornika wodnego stanowiły pola uprawne. W roku 2011 przeprowadzono na tym terenie prace rewitalizacyjne. Wprowadzono głównie rośliny siedlisk wodno-błotnych, usunię- to zaś gatunki roślinności synantropijnej. W oparciu o wyniki fizyczno-chemicznych analiz wody zbiornika oraz wód podziemnych i powierzchniowych w bezpo- średnim jego otoczeniu można wnioskować, iż funkcjonuje on jako naturalny biofiltr. Zmiana w obsadzie roślin z pewnością wzmocniła proces oczyszczania wód, przepływających poprzez zbiornik do Zalewu. Po przeprowadzonych pracach rewitalizacyjnych mały zbiornik wodny krajobrazu rolniczego zyskał nowe wartości ekologiczne i estetyczne.

14

Results of hydrological studies and channel analysis of the Ganges (Padma) River at the construction site of the “Rooppur” NPP

75%

Zavadsky A. S. , Botavin D. V. , Golovlev P. P. , Mikhailova N. M. , Morozova E. A. , Promakhova E. V. , Turykin L. A.

Geography and Tourism

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2018

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tom Vol. 6, No. 1

41--53

EN

This work presents the results of research on channel processes in the Padma River (Republic of Bangladesh) at the construction site of the “Ruppur” Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The fluvial characteristics of the Padma River were presented, including: the water outflow regime, characteristics of anthropogenic impact on the river outflow and assessment of the present state of the channel and floodplain. The research was conducted based on field expeditions, during which data on morphology, dynamics, hydrological and hydraulic conditions for the formation of the floodplain-channel complex were collected. Moreover, the water discharges and suspended sediments, as well as the longitudinal profiles of the water level and the channel morphology were measured. The presented research has shown that comprehensive and planned regulation of selected sections of rivers could lead to the channel stabilization and support the rational use of water resources for different purposes, e.g. power plants, municipal purposes, etc. Moreover, detailed research on channel deformation in selected areas indicated the major role of natural factors (geological structure, the type of sediments delivered to the river, vegetation cover, etc.) in the past and present fluvial processes.

15

Evaluation of surface water in Zitava catchment under aspect of anthropogenic impact

63%

Huska D. , Krupova K. , Halaj P. , Mandalova K.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus

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2013

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tom 12

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nr 3

EN

Water quality in streams primarily affects human. A recent assessment of the characteristics of environmental indicators in the three sub-catchments basins Drevenica, Čerešňový Creek and Žitava (District Zlaté Moravce), we showed this effect. The sixteen villages in the sub catchments do not expect an increase in demographic trends, even a decrease in population compared to year 2000 to 228 people. In terms of water consumption in the villages we have seen that the consumption is even smaller than the specified minimum hygiene. Four municipalities haven’t own public water, are connected to group water conduit Zlaté Moravce. Average water consumption in 2010 was 68.84 liters · s–1 · day–1. The removal and treatment of waste water situation is different in each sub catchments. In the sub catchments Drevenica one of four communities has built a wastewater treatment plant, the Čerešňový Creek from four municipalities, three with treatment plant. In Žitava basins of the seven municipalities have three community wastewater treatment plants, one is under construction and one is connected to the existing sewerage treatment plant. Status of water quality in river basins also affects non-point sources of pollution. The largest percentage of acreage in the villages is currently agricultural land. In the Drevenica basin is agricultural land 51.12%, in the Čerešňový Creek basin 53.09% and 46.38% Žitava basins.

PL

Jakość wody w badanych potokach ma duże znaczenia dla ludzi zamieszkujących dane tereny. Przeprowadzono ocenę właściwości wskaźników środowiskowych w trzech zlewniach dorzeczy: Drevenica, Čerešňový Potok i Žitavy (region Zlaté Moravce). W szesnastu wioskach w zlewniach cząstkowych nie przewiduje się wzrostu tendencji demograficznych, a nawet zanotowano spadek ludności o 228 osób w porównaniu z rokiem 2000. Pod względem poboru wody w badanych miejscowościach zaobserwowano, że zużycie wody jest nawet poniżej poziomu wymaganego do utrzymania higieny minimalnej. Cztery gminy nie mają publicznego dostępu do wody, ale są podłączone do grupowego zaopatrzenia w wodę Zlaté Moravce. Średnie zużycie wody w 2010 roku wyniosło 68,84 dm3 · s–1 · dzień–1. Sposoby oczyszczania ścieków w analizowanych zlewniach są zróżnicowane. W zlewni Drevenica jedna z czterech gmin wybudowała oczyszczalnię ścieków, zlewnia Čerešňový Potok posiada trzy oczyszczalnie na cztery gminy. W dorzeczu Žitavy na siedem gmin istnieją trzy oczyszczalnie ścieków, jedna jest w trakcie budowy, a pozostałe są podłączone do istniejącej sieci kanalizacyjnej. Na stan jakości wody w dorzeczach mają również wpływ niepunktowe źródła zanieczyszczeń. Największy odsetek w użytkowaniu i pokryciu terenu przypada na grunty rolne, które w dorzeczu Drevenicy stanowią 51,12%, w Čerešňovym Potoku 53,09%, a w zlewni Žitavy 46,38%.

16

Rotifer and cladoceran diversity in small water bodies undergoing different anthropogenic impact in the Wielkopolska region

63%

Kuczynska-Kippen N. , Celewicz-Goldyn S. , Nagengast B. , Nowosad P.

Badania Fizjograficzne. Seria C - Zoologia

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2010

|

tom 01(C51)

17

Persistence of local populations of the Roman snail (Helix pomatia L.) for 15 years in conditions of moderate and constant anthropogenic impact - a case study from Central Europe

63%

Bloszyk J. , Szybiak K. , Kalinowski T. , Ksiazkiewicz-Parulska Z.

Folia Malacologica

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2015

|

tom 23

|

nr 2

18

Functions and dysfunctions of tourism and recreation and how they influence aquatic environments

63%

Wagner A. , Orlewicz-Musial M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2014

|

tom 23

|

nr 3

EN

Our paper proposes the evaluation of 5 select water bodies in Kraków (Bagry, Zakrzówek, Przylasek Rusiecki, and Kolna, and in the District of Krakóws water bodies formerly known as Kryspinów, currently “Zalew na Piaskach”). Their recreational values were assessed based on expert evaluation of 8 characteristics with the use of Saaty’s method to attribute weight to each characteristic. SWOT analysis was also applied, focussing on the problem of uncontrolled tourism. Kryspinow, Przylasek Rusiecki, and Kolna received the highest and very similar grades in terms of tourist attractiveness (2.475, 2.447, and 2.444, respectively), Bagry was slightly less attractive (2.224), and Zakrzówek received the worst score (0.796) due to its difficult access and lack of facilities.

19

The Reconstruction of the Bathymetry of The Non-Existent Krokowo Lake

63%

Ptak M.

Quarterly of Environmental Engineering and Design

|

2018

|

tom Vol. 171 (51)

36--42

EN

The intensive drainage works conducted a few centuries ago in Poland contributed to a significant depletion of the hydrographic network. Currently, there are more and more frequent problems with water stress and the introduction of a programme aiming at the retention development, i.e. through the construction of artificial reservoirs or damming up natural lakes. The paper presents the reconstruction of the morphometry of the non-existent Krokowo lake. It was found that the reservoir with the surface area of 58 ha and volume of 2.6 million m3 disappeared as a result of the anthropogenic impact. In the light of an increase in the retention possibilities in Poland, the restoration of natural lakes to their original condition seems to be an interesting approach. Renaturalisation of these environmental elements in the context of the balance components' improvement seems to be more justified that the creation of new (artificial) components.

20

Spływy powierzchniowe związków biogennych ze zlewni dwóch dopływów zbiornika Solina o różnym stopniu zagospodarowania zlewni

63%

Koszelnik P. , Bartoszek L.

Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Rzeszowskiej. Budownictwo i Inżynieria Środowiska

|

2011

|

tom z. 58, nr 4

99-106

PL

W pracy przeprowadzono analizę strat azotu, fosforu, krzemu i węgla organicznego ze zlewni dwóch potoków - dopływów zbiornika Solina. Antropogeniczny wpływ na dopływający ładunek fosforu zidentyfikowano w zlewni potoku Daszówka. Wody te wnosiły także do odbiornika więcej krzemu rozpuszczonego. Z naturalnej zlewni potoku Paniszczówka spływały większe ładunki azotu, głównie azotanowego. Ładunki ogólnego węgla organicznego były w obydwu przypadkach zbliżone.

EN

The paper presents an analysis of surface runoffs of nitrogen, phosphorus, dissolved silica and organic carbon from the catchment area of two streams, tributaries of the Solina reservoir. Anthropogenic impact on phosphorus load flowing in the basin of the stream was identified in case of the Daszówka stream, moreover these waters supplied more loads of dissolved silica. The Paniszczówka stream has more natural catchment area and larger loads of nitrogen, mainly nitrate were noted for this case. Loads of total organic carbon were similar in both streams.