Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Una breve sintesi sulla presenza degli anglicismi nel settore delle lingue speciali riguardo all 'italiano contemporaneo

100%

Szpingier B.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2008

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tom 35

295-304

EN

This article presents the classification and description of borrowings from the English language in the sector of special languages with reference to contemporary Italian. The present times are characterized by multiplicity of linguistic variants. Different, ready-made solutions to are observed this complex situation.

2

Visual advertisements: a tool for English language teaching?

100%

Babocká M.

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tom 4

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nr 2

118-137

EN

Advertising as one of the phenomena of modern times is often an inseparable, though undesirable part of our everyday lives. Current trends indicate that there are still more and more anglicisms, internationalisms, and particles of different cultures penetrating billboard advertisements in many towns and cities around the world, and Slovakia is no exception. The crucial question of this article is: How is it possible to use advertisements in English language teaching and learning? To answer this question, the examination is focused on: (1) defining the role and characteristic traits of advertisements; (2) searching for the linkage between the psychological principles of advertising and psychology of learning foreign languages; (3) the frequency of anglicisms and internationalisms in billboard advertisements in particular areas of selected Slovak cities; (4) concrete suggestions for teaching practice based on the previous findings.

3

Moby respią się dla leveli – a Corpus-Based Study of English Lexical Influence on the Polish Community of Minecraft Gamers

100%

Faliszewska-Łukasik K.

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nr 21

321-345

EN

Polish online gamers remain in continuous contact with English, either while playing games, communicating with other gamers or using social media. Given the relative intensity of language contact, one may expect gaming sociolect to be a rich source of anglicisms of various type. Nevertheless, the influence that English exerts on the sociolect of Polish gamers has attracted little scholarly attention thus far. The present paper aims at investigating anglicisms occurring in the sociolect of Polish Minecraft gamers, basingon the corpus compiled from 21 YouTube gaming videos and 10 Internet forum threads devoted to the game. More specifically, the author seeks to analyze to which extent the loanwords are adapted into Polish in terms of phonology, morphology and spelling as well as to discuss the examples of calques and hybrids that have been attested in the corpus. Additionally, the paper tries to identify the meaning and function of borrowed elements. Overall, the corpus gathers 122 loanwords (simple lexemes, compound nouns and acronyms), 20 calques and 1 hybrid loan. The analysis has shown preliminarily that although a majority of loanwords is integrated into the Polish language in terms of morphology and phonology, nearly all elements retain their original spelling. Moreover, the corpus reveals a group of lexemes whose pronunciation is based on spelling, which indicates the fact that lexemes are transferred to the sociolect of gamers in a twofold way, namely graphic and spoken. As for the use of loanwords, the study exemplifies both anglicisms used exclusively in the Minecraft community as well as those constituting a universal part of the lexical repertoire of all gamers and thus points out the diversity of the gaming sociolect.

4

Gender variation of anglicisms in German: The influence of cognitive factors and regional varieties

88%

Onysko A. , Callies M. , Ogiermann E.

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tom 49

103-136

EN

When English nouns are borrowed into German, they need to be assigned grammatical gender. Since grammatical gender information is not present in English, the integration of anglicisms in German offers the opportunity to investigate regularities of gender assignment. Furthermore, it can be expected that the integration of loanwords can cause some variation in the usage of grammatical gender, as has been observed impressionistically for different varieties of German in previous research. This article picks up on both of these issues and first of all discusses "gender assignment schemas" for English loans based on established patterns of gender assignment in German. Secondly, an empirical study investigates gender variation across three major German dialect areas. The findings show a substantial amount of variation among many of the test items. These results are discussed in relation to cognitive schemas of gender assignment and in terms of regional variation.

5

Czynniki wpływające na przyswajanie anglicyzmów. Studium terminologii żonglerskiej

75%

Kowalewski H.

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2020

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nr XXII/1

131–144

PL

Celem artykułu jest określenie czynników, które wpływają na proces adaptowania zapożyczeń leksykalnych z języka angielskiego wśród polskich żonglerów. Użytkownicy języka stojący przed pokusą zaadaptowania terminu angielskiego w celu nazwania nowej rzeczy lub zjawiska mają do wyboru jedną z trzech podstawowych strategii: mogą spróbować znaleźć lub stworzyć polski odpowiednik angielskiego terminu, stosować anglicyzm oraz polski odpowiednik równolegle lub używać wyłącznie anglicyzmu. Na wybór strategii wpływają przede wszystkim: 1) dostępność polskiego odpowiednika (fonetyczno-)semantycznego; 2) ekonomia językowa, czyli prostota składniowa i morfologiczna anglicyzmu oraz odpowiednika polskiego; 3) stopień utrwalenia odpowiednika polskiego; 4) stopień specjalizacji anglicyzmu. Ogólną tendencją wydaje się być preferowanie słów prostszych, lepiej utrwalonych i bardziej wyspecjalizowanych.

EN

The aim of the article is to determine the factors influencing the adoption of lexical borrowings from English into the terminology of Polish jugglers. Faced with the temptation to adopt an English term, users may resort to one of three main strategies: they may try to find or coin a Polish equivalent and use the equivalent exclusively, they may use the anglicism and the Polish equivalent interchangeably, or they may use the anglicism exclusively. The choice of the strategy is motivated mainly by: 1) the availability of the Polish equivalent, 2) syntactic and morphological simplicity of the borrowing and the Polish equivalent, 3) the degree of entrenchment of the Polish equivalent; 4) the degree of specialization the anglicism. In general, users tend to prefer simpler, more entrenched, and more specialized terms.

6

Opomíjené kategorie českých anglicismů: lexikální a sémantické kalky

63%

Klégr A. , Bozděchová I.

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tom 104

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nr 2

208-229

XX

The article outlines the status of calques among loanwords and their treatment in the Czech linguistic literature. It then presents the analysis of a sample of 1,360 calques (1,065 lexical, 295 semantic) from structural, word-class and semantic points of view, noting the differences between these two categories of anglicisms and their special features. It seeks to explain their different word-class distribution (nouns predominant among lexical calques; semantic calques approaching standard distribution). Among the interesting finds are the discovery of multi-word semantic calques and the very substantial number and rapid spread of this type of loan in general.

7

Módní a nezbytné anglicismy ve vztahu k sociálním oblastem a k jejich výslovnosti a pravopisu

63%

Havlík M.

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nr 2

135-149

EN

This paper focuses on the distinction between luxury and necessary borrowings from English (i.e. Anglicisms) and the relationship between these borrowings, the domains in which they are used and their pronunciation and orthography. I put forward a hypothesis that the ratio of luxury and necessary borrowings differs within different domains and that this has an impact on the pronunciation and orthography of the borrowings; I tested this hypothesis by analysing 500 Anglicisms. The results confirm that (1) there is a difference in the distribution of luxury or necessary Anglicisms within different domains and (2) necessary Anglicisms are more often pronounced according to their original orthography than luxury Anglicisms. However, I also detected a strong association between the period in which Anglicisms were borrowed and the manner in which they were adopted; therefore, it was not possible to identify a direct link between the type of borrowing and pronunciation, and further research is required to confirm the above hypothesis

8

Słownictwo z zakresu komunikacji międzyludzkiej w polskich tekstach literackich

63%

Tyrpa A.

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tom 21

PL

Powieści obyczajowe i kryminalne o akcji rozgrywającej się w XXI wieku rejestrują wszelkie zjawiska społeczne. Do nich można zaliczyć sposoby komunikowania się ludzi, tak różne od tych sprzed 40 lat. Utwory literackie dostarczają nazw urządzeń (komputer, laptop, palmtop, iPhone, iPad, tablet, smartfon) oraz firm je produkujących (Dell, Apple, Nokia, Samsung). Znajdujemy w nich nazwy programów komputerowych (Windows, Word, Excel), mediów społecznościowych (Facebook), komunikatorów (Messenger). Nie brak określeń czynności wykonywanych w trakcie ich używania (zalogować się, kliknąć, mailować, guglać). Absolutna większość tych słów pochodzi z języka angielskiego i ma zasięg międzynarodowy.

EN

Novels that cover action taking place in the 21st century refer to all kinds of social phenomena, including the ways in which people communicate, which are very different from those popular only 40 years ago. Literary works provide the names of devices (computer, laptop, palmtop, iPhone, iPad, tablet, smartphone), as well as the companies which manufacture them (Dell, Apple, Nokia, Samsung). Novels include the names of computer software (Windows, Word, Excel), social media (Facebook), and internet communicators (Messenger). There are also words that denote the activities performed while using these devices and applications (to log in, to click, to email, to google). The majority of these words originate from English and have international scope.