Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Assessment of the Ambient Gaseous Pollutants in the Crowded Traffic Crossroad in Baghdad City

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Al-Sultan A. A. , Al-Kindi G. Y. , Kadhim R. J. , Al-Mhanawi A. A. J.

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tom Vol. 23, iss. 5

224--233

EN

Exposure to ambient gaseous components is a significant issue for people’s health. This study aims to check the modification effect of seasonal temperature variation on the association of ambient air pollutants in the selected traffic crossroads in Baghdad city. The study continued for around 180 calendar days from the winter of 2020 to the summer of 2021; during this period, seven major gaseous parameters, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur di-oxide (SO2), and ground ozone (O3), were tested via using the devices of GIG6 and GIG2. The results showed that the high temperature significantly affected the dispersion of air pollutants, whereas the increase in air temperature from 10 °C to 48 °C led to an increase in the concentration of H2S about ten times, and an increase in emission of CO around three times, while there are varying increases for the rest of the other air pollutants.

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Metrological features of a beta absorption particulate air monitor operating with wireless communication system

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Jakowiuk A. , Urbański P. , Świstowski E. , Machaj B. , Pieńkos J. , Kowalska E.

Nukleonika

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2008

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tom Vol. 53, suppl. 2

37--42

EN

A system for measurements of particulate matter in the ambient air, employing beta absorption instrument AMIZ-2007 with wireless communication facilities based on GPRS technology, is presented. Uncertainty of measurements caused by the counting statistics was analyzed and it was found that at least 3 h of sampling time is needed to achieve coefficient of variation lower than 20% for the average concentration of particulate matter in the ambient air exceeding 10 μg/m3. Application of a C-14 beta ray source instead of Pm-147 improves sensitivity of the measurement ca. two times. Some results of on-line operation of the system with PM10 and PM2.5 samplers are also shown.

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Oznaczanie wybranych węglowodorów w powietrzu atmosferycznym na terenie miasta Zabrze (Komunikat)

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Michalski R. , Węglarz A. , Skrok R.

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tom Vol. 26, no. 2

137--151

PL

Opisano oznaczenie wybranych lotnych związków organicznych (takich jak benzen, toluen, etylo-benzen, ksyleny i fenol) oraz wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych, WWA) w po-wietrzu atmosferycznym na terenie miasta Zabrze w 1997 roku. Próbki były pobierane na sorbenty (węgiel aktywny dla BTEX-ów, Chromosorb 102 dla fenolu i filtry polipropylenowe dla WWA, odpowiednio selektywne dla szerokiego zakresu oznaczonych substancji. Próbki po ekstrakcji rozpuszczalnikowej analizowano metodą kapilarnej chromatografii gazowej z detektorem płomieniowo-jonizacyjnym lub detektorem spektrometrii masowej z pułapka jonowa. Stosując chromatograf gazowy wyposażony w detektor spektroskopii mas możliwe było zidentyfikowanie 35 związków organicznych w powietrzu atmosferycznym na terenie Zabrza. Układ GC-MS jest bardzo dobrym narzędziem w identyfikacji związków organicznych, chociaż detektor FID jest bardziej czuły dla oznaczeń ilościowych lotnych związków organicznych.

EN

This paper described a determination of volatile organic compounds (such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and phenol) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (16 by US EPA method) in atmospheric air in Zabrze in 1997. Samples were collected on sorbents (graphitized carbon for BTEX, Chromosorb 102 for phenol and polypropylen filter for PAH) capable of selectivity trapping a wide range of substances. Samples were than analysed using an extraction by solvents followed by capillary gas chromatogra-phy with flame ionized detector or ion trap mass detector. The lower limit of detection was circa 0,01 ug/m(3) for most compounds. Using a gas chromatograph with ion trap mass detector it was possible to identify 35 organic compounds in urban air in Zabrze. GC-MS is powerful tool for iden-tification organic compounds, but GC with FID detector is most sensitive for quantitative determi-nation of volatile organic compounds.

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Wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne w pyle zawieszonym w miastach Górnego Śląska

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Kozielska B. , Rogula-Kozłowska W.

Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska

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2014

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tom Vol. 16, nr 2

75--84

PL

Z uwagi na swoje właściwości mutagenne i kancerogenne wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne (WWA) są najszerzej badanymi trwałymi połączeniami organicznymi związanymi z aerozolem atmosferycznym. W pracy zaprezentowano i przeanalizowano historyczne, sięgające lat siedemdziesiątych ubiegłego wieku i dostępne z ostatnich lat, dane o ich stężeniach w całkowitym pyle zawieszonym na terenie Aglomeracji Górnośląskiej. Po ogromnej redukcji zanieczyszczenia powietrza, jaka miała miejsce na przełomie XX i XXI wieku, zmniejszył się znacząco poziom stężeń, zarówno pyłu zawieszonego jak i związanych z nim WWA. O ile pod koniec lat 90-tych średnioroczne stężenie sumy WWA osiągały wartości z przedziału od 260 do 590 ng/m3, to po roku 2000 w zimie nie przekracza wartości 160 ng/m3 a latem 10 ng/m3. W odróżnieniu od innych regionów, na Górnym Śląsku, wciąż emisje przemysłowe, a w szczególności, emisja komunalna odpowiedzialne są za kształtowanie stężeń WWA w powietrzu.

EN

Due to their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the most widely researched persistent organic compounds linked with the particulate matter (PM). The following paper presents the analysis of the historical data embracing the period since 1970s. It concerns the information on the PAH concentrations in the total PM in the Upper Silesia urban area. As the air pollution was largely reduced at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, the concentrations of PM and the related PAHs also considerably decreased. In the late-1990s, the mean yearly concentration of the PAHs sum ranged between 260 and 590 ng/m3. The winter and summer values obtained after the year 2000 have not exceeded 160 ng/m3 and 10 ng/m3, respectively. When compared to other regions, the PAH concentrations in the air in Upper Silesia are still affected by industrial and, particularly, municipal emissions.

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Sources and effects of asbestos and other mineral fibres present in ambient air

51%

Wachowski L. , Domka L.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2000

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tom 09

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nr 6

443-454

EN

This review describes the structure, physicochemical properties and sources of asbestos as well as other mineral fibres in the natural environment. The diversity of character and methods for the determination of airborne inorganic fibres are discussed with particular attention to the biological effects on humans health. It also demonstrates the practical significance of asbestos.

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Appraisal of sulphur contaminants from transportation in urban Zaria, Nigeria

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Aliyu Y. A. , Musa I. J. , Youngu T. T.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2013

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tom 02

EN

As a step towards remediation of sulphur contaminants, this study used a Crowcon Gasman (gas detection instrument) to collect and analyze Sulphuric gas samples from densely populated areas of urban Zaria. The results showed varying concentrations of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S). The high concentrations of these pollutants detected can be attributed to increased population growth, increased production of gaseous wastes and increased number of vehicular movement. The results indicate also that the concentrations of pollutant sulphur component SO2 measured at all sampling points, with exception of the control site were hazardous while that of H2S were within safe limit set by FEPA and ACGIH respectively. Statistical tests were performed which established significant variation/relationship between detected pollutants and traffic volume. Findings from this study imply that vehicular emission within urban Zaria is not within the safe limit which further reveals that transport-related pollution in Zaria urban area can be potentially hazardous to health.

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Seasonal variability of PAHs and nitro-PAHs concentrations in total suspended particulate matter in ambient air of cities of Silesian voivodeship

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Zaciera M. , Kurek J. , Dzwonek L. , Feist B. , Jędrzejczak A.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2012

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tom Vol. 38, nr 1

45-50

EN

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present in ambient air with their nitro-derivatives and hundreds of other organic compounds. PAHs and nitro-PAHs originate from Diesel and gasoline exhaust emission, and other sources of fuels combustion. These compounds are responsible for mutagenic activation of ambient air. Concentrations of PAHs, nitro-PAHs and dinitro-PAHs in total suspended particulate matter in air of Katowice, Sosnowiec and Zawiercie as well seasonal variability of their concentrations have been investigated. The method of solvent extraction of particulate matter, fractional organic extraction as well HPLC and GC/MS analyses were applied. Nitro-PAHs concentrations in ambient air in Poland are poorly researched, compared to foreign literature.