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Utilization of Renewable Alcohol in an Internal Combustion Engine with Thermo-Chemical Recuperation of the Exhaust Gas Energy

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Fleischmann R. , Tartakovsky L.

tom nr 204

216--232

Internal combustion engines (ICEs) are greatly responsible for fossil fuels consumption and environmental pollution. Development of more fuel-efficient ICEs together with alternative fuels is, therefore, of great importance. ICE's. overall efficiency can be improved by utilization of the thermal energy wasted with the exhaust gases. One method of exploiting this energy is by promoting endothermic fuel reforming reactions that increases the lower heating value (LHV) of the fuel introduced to the engine and allows combustion of a hydrogen-rich gaseous fuel. This method is commonly called thermo-chemical recuperation (TCR). Although TCR is feasible with conventional fuels, it is frequently realized with alcohol fuels that can be synthesized from methane or biomass, since their reforming temperature is lower. For this study, a gen-set gasoline-fed carburetor single-cylinder SI engine was modified to allow working with gasoline and methanol steam reforming (MSR) products. It was found that engine feeding by MSR products has a great potential for pollutant emissions mitigation as compared with gasoline. Harmful emissions of the pollutants CO, NOx and the GHG gas CO2 were reduced by 96%, 99% and 32% respectively. Particle number (PN) emissions were reduced by 99.7%. The achieved energy efficiency improvement of the engine fed by the methanol reformate was found to be from 20 up to 70% when compared with gasoline.