Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

За един нов подход при описанието на прилагателните имена в българския език (с оглед на разработването на нормативна граматика)

100%

Томов [Tomov] М. M.

Slavia Meridionalis

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2018

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tom 18

EN

On a new approach in describing adjectives in Bulgarian (with the ontext of the development of a normative grammar) The article presents a new approach in the description of adjectives in Bulgarian, one that is based on strict differentiation between form and semantics by applying a purely morphological criterion. The relevant features of the adjectives are grouped in separate inflection types based on the presence of ending or lack thereof, the lexeme’s ending combinations, the presence of morphonological (including stress) changes (alterations) in inflection, as well as on the presence of doublet forms. The formation of inflectional types according to the above specified relevant features is illustrated with examples, followed by a proposal of changes to the traditional classification of the parts of speech. O pewnym nowym podejściu w opisie przymiotników w języku bułgarskim (w kontekście opracowania gramatyki normatywnej) Artykuł przedstawia nowe podejście do opisu przymiotników w języku bułgarskim, oparte na wyraźnym rozróżnieniu formy i znaczenia poprzez zastosowanie wyłącznie kryterium morfologicznego. Relewantne cechy przymiotników są pogrupowane w typy fleksyjne na podstawie obecności lub braku końcówki, kombinatoryki końcówek w leksemie, występowania zmian morfonologicznych (w tym akcentu), alternacji we fleksji, oraz form obocznych. Formowanie typów fleksyjnych zgodnie z wyżej wymienionymi cechami dystynktywnymi zilustrowano przykładami, a następnie zaproponowano zmiany w tradycyjnej klasyfikacji części mowy.

2

Second order inferencje in natural language semantics

88%

Pulman S.

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tom Vol. 6, No. 1

1--40

EN

In this paper I look at a number of apparently trivial valid inferences (as well as some invalid and missing inferences) associated with the possessive construction and with different types of adjectival modification of nouns. In the case of possessives, all analyses I know of, whether implemented or not, systematically sanction invalid inferences. In the case of adjectives, there are some model-theoretic linguistic analyses that are adequate at a theoretical level, but no satisfactory practical computational implementations that I am aware of which capture the correct inference patterns. A common thread between the possessive and the adjectival construction is that to derive the correct inferences we need secondo order quantification. This is an uncontroversial move within modeltheoretic formal semantics but a problem for computational semantics, since we have no fully automated theorem provers for anything Rother than first order logic (and only for subsets of first order logic do we have provers that are both fully decidable and efficient). I explore what is needed to provide a proof-theoretic account of the relevant inference patterns, and suggest some analyses requiring second order axioms. In order to make this a practical computational possibility I go on to propose two techniques for approximating such inferences in a first order setting. The suggested analyses have been fully implemented, and in an appendix I provide a small FraCaS-like corpus of relevant examples, all of which are handled correctly by the implementation.

3

Postpositives in English: in search of adjectives available

88%

Šaldová P.

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2021

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tom 31

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nr 2

137-160

EN

Single postpositive adjectives as a minor type of noun postmodification in English are surveyed using a corpus sample to assess their retrievability, to provide an overview of the morphematic types, and their register distribution. Applying an ancillary test of positional mobility to characterize the postpositive occurrences, four broad groups are delimited. Postmodification by a-adjectives and adjectives in terminological compounds is infrequent, whereas the majority of the sample is constituted by adjectives in -able/-ible and in -ed, whose post-head position involves changes in semantic meaning, as well as occurrences which cannot be accounted for by the constraints stipulated in grammars. The frequency and patterning of available, responsible or necessary call for a re-evaluation of the function of postposition, encompassing all frequent forms and taking into account reference and other textual factors.

4

Słownik psychologiczno-lingwistyczny "Zmysły, emocje i przymiotniki języka rosyjskiego" – nowe narzędzie w pracy tłumacza

88%

Orzechowska J.

Acta Neophilologica

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2020

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tom XXII/2

199-208

EN

This article presents a new type of dictionary – a linguistic-psychological dictionary reflecting structures of language, similar to dictionaries based on associations, but also reconstructing the mental and emotional states of an average user of the Russian language. It was compiled as a result of analyzing 15918 Russian adjectives from the perspective of their relationship with emotions originating in reference to various senses. The dictionary contains information on “the emotional load” of these adjectives, that is how pleasant or how unpleasant emotions a given adjective evokes. The analyzed lexemes were assessed by respondents on the scale of emotions: slightly (un)pleasant – moderately (un)pleasant – very (un)pleasant, which was marked with an appropriate number of pluses or minuses. It cannot be overestimated how useful such a dictionary and the information it contains are. Although it is believed that representatives of different cultures experience universal emotions, their quality and intensity hidden behind particular linguistic units can diverge between different cultural-linguistic communities. Emotions are conditioned socially, culturally, and historically; they play an important role in international communication. Thus when they are incompetently and mistakenly interpreted, this can disturb dialogue between various cultures and even lead to conflicts. In the article, considering equivalents cygarowy/сигарный, differences in the evaluation of these adjectives in Polish and Russian are presented, illustrating the need to look for emotionally adequate translation equivalents when rendering them.

5

A contrastive view of adjectives in Croatian, Polish and English: subjectification as a local phenomenon

88%

Stanojević M.-M. , Kryżan-Stanojević B. , Parizoska J.

Cognitive Studies

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2011

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nr 11

EN

A contrastive view of adjectives in Croatian, Polish and English: subjectification as a local phenomenonA study of English adjectives (Athanasiadou 2006) suggested that subjectification (defined as the degree to which the conceptualizer plays a role in construing the objective scene; Langacker 2000) may be helpful in examining the various uses of adjectives in English. In this paper we attempt to do the same, comparing and contrasting three languages: English (as the point of reference), and Croatian and Polish. Croatian and Polish were selected because they allow relatively free combinations, with the caveat that Polish uses postposition for classifying senses. We examine whether subjectification may be taken as the organizing principle behind the prenominal, postnominal and predicative positions found in the three languages, i.e. whether the role of subjectification is global – working across constructions, or local – working within a construction. Examples from three languages showed that although subjectification does play a role in the various positions, it may not be taken as the organizing principle behind the differences. We argue that this is due to the fact that subjectification is a local phenomenon which works within a single construction, which is delimited formally and functionally. This is corroborated by other subjectified constructions. We believe that this is due to the gradual nature of subjectification, which requires recoverable links to previous stages.

6

The semantic classification of adjectives in the Bulgarian Wordnet: Towards a multiclass approach

88%

Dimitrova T. , Stefanova V.

Cognitive Studies

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2018

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nr 18

EN

The semantic classification of adjectives in the Bulgarian Wordnet: Towards a multiclass approachThe paper presents an attempt at semantic classification of adjectives in the Bulgarian wordnet. Although designed for the Bulgarian wordnet, the classification can be applied to other wordnets which are developed in parallel to the Princeton WordNet. The classification relies on information that is already available in WordNet from other synsets (noun, verb, and other adjective synsets) that are linked to the adjective synsets via lexico-semantic relations - including their semantic classes, as well as definitions and usage examples. The first stage of the work was already presented at the workshop "Challenges for WordNets" within the conference "Language, Data and Knowledge 2017". The continuation of the effort as described in this article, covers a proposal for introducing additional semantic classes to the adjective synsets (if applicable). Semantyczna klasyfikacja przymiotników w bułgarskim Wordnecie: w kierunku podejścia wielopłaszczyznowegoW pracy przedstawiono próbę semantycznej klasyfikacji przymiotników w bułgarskim wordnecie. Chociaż została ona zaprojektowana dla wordnetu bułgarskiego, klasyfikacja może być zastosowana w innych wordnetach, które są rozwijane równolegle do Princeton WordNet. Klasyfikacja opiera się na informacjach, które są już dostępne w bułgarskim wordnecie pozyskanych z innych synsetów (rzeczownikowych, czasownikowych i innych przymiotnikowych), powiązanych z synsetami przymiotnikowymi poprzez relacje leksykalno-semantyczne, w tym ich klasy semantyczne, a także definicje i przykłady użycia. Pierwszy etap pracy został już przedstawiony, a kolejny obejmuje propozycję wprowadzenia dodatkowych klas semantycznych w synsetach przymiotnikowych (w stosownych przypadkach).

7

Emocjonalne przymiotniki w języku polskim i rosyjskim. Paralele i kontrasty

75%

Orzechowska J.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2022

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tom 47

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nr 2

197-204

EN

A new type of dictionary – a psychological linguistic dictionary was compiled as a result of analyzing 15918 Russian adjectives from the perspective of their relationship with emotions originating in reference to various senses. The dictionary contains information on “the emotional load” of these adjectives, that is how pleasant or how unpleasant emotions a given adjective evokes. The analyzed lexemes were assessed by respondents on the scale of emotions: slightly (un)pleasant – moderately (un)pleasant – very (un)pleasant, which was marked with an appropriate number of pluses or minuses. Although it is believed that representatives of different cultures experience universal emotions, their quality and intensity hidden behind particular linguistic units can diverge for different cultural linguistic communities. Emotions are conditioned socially, culturally and historically; they play an important role in international communication. Thus, when they are incompetently and mistakenly interpreted, this can disturb dialogue between various cultures and even lead to conflicts. In the article, considering equivalents mięsny/мясной and other counterparts, it can be said that not all the examples have a parallel emotional value. Despite the genealogical relationship between the languages and cultures in question, emotive contrasts are not rare. This leads to considering a significant issue of emotive adequacy of dictionary equivalents, which has to be addressed by translators and language teachers.

8

Wykładniki dezintensyfikacji w języku polskim i słowackim – zarys problematyki

75%

Sojda S.

Studia z Filologii Polskiej i Słowiańskiej

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2020

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tom 55

PL

Tematyka artykułu dotyczy dezintensyfikacji i sposobów jej wyrażania w dwóch bliskopokrewnych systemach językowych: polskim i słowackim. Pomimo dużego zainteresowania badaczy zjawiskiem intensyfikacji zagadnienie to pozostaje mało zbadane w aspekcie konfrontatywnym polsko-słowackim. Autorka zwraca uwagę na podstawowe wykładniki dezintensyfikacji, do których należą atenuatory gramatyczne i leksykalne. Porównuje polskie i słowackie afiksy o funkcji osłabiającej i przedstawia leksemy o proweniencji przysłówkowej, które odgrywają rolę dezintensyfikatorów.

EN

This paper deals with deintensification and its exponents in two closely related languages: Polish and Slovak. Despite a considerable interest of researchers in the phenomenon of intensification, it is relatively understudied in the Polish-Slovak contrastive perspective. The author focuses on the basic indicators of deintensification, which include grammatical and lexical attenuators. The study compares Polish and Slovak affixes with a weakening function and examines adverbial lexemes in the function of deintensifiers.

9

Vers un dictionnaire bilingue d’adjectifs qualificatifs du FLE

75%

Wang X.

Romanica Wratislaviensia

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2016

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tom 63

113-128

EN

The paper aims to think about developing a dictionary of the usual adjectives of French. This support tool for expression in French as a foreign language will focus on the semantic, syntactic, actantial and combinatorial information which usually causes the most problems in the use of adjectives. All this information will be provided in a systematic way by using some concepts of Meaning-Text Theory: lexical function, semantic derivation, semantic actant and syntactic actant, plan scheme, and so on.

10

Noun Phrase Modification in Early Modern English Recipes

75%

Sylwanowicz M.

Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies

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2017

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nr 26/2

37-49

XX

The study of complex noun phrases and their evolution in early English writings has attracted attention of many scholars (e.g. Norri 1989; Raumolin-Brunberg 1991; Moskowich 2009; 2010; Biber et al. 2011; Tyrkkö 2014). These studies have revealed that the trends in the use of pre- and postmodification in noun phrases have been subject to various changes over the centuries.The present paper offers an examination of the preferred patterns of noun phrase modification in Early Modern English medical recipes. The study will investigate whether there was a link between the level of the text (learned and non-learned) and the choice of noun modifiers.

11

Polish Comparative Adjectives and Adverbs

75%

Wiland B.

Studies in Polish Linguistics

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2023

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tom 18

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nr 3

97-143

EN

The paper investigates the morphosyntax of Polish synthetic comparative adjectives and adverbs. It is argued that we can predict the distribution of different classes of adjectival roots and suffixes if we adopt the idea that both types of morphemes lexicalize syntactic constituents, the central tenet of Nanosyntax. The paper makes a case for two central claims. One is that the syn-sem properties of adjectives can be described with a finegrained syntactic sequence proposed for Slovak in Vanden Wyngaerd et al. (2020). The other one is that the lexical properties of Polish gradable adverbs follow from the syntactic representation of the adverb as properly containing the syntactic representation of the adjective.

12

Selecí, či selečí?

63%

Rejzek J.

Naše řeč (Our Speech)

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2022

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tom 105

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nr 4

242-243

EN

The adjective derived from the noun sele ‘piglet’ is not very frequent in Czech. Nowadays, the form selečí is encountered more often than the expected (and older) form selecí. The article tries to explain the origin of the two forms of this word and to consider them from the point of view of linguistic correctness.

13

Polish Deadjectival Nouns as Nominalized Adverbs

63%

Wiland B.

Studies in Polish Linguistics

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2021

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tom 16

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nr 4

207-227

PL

Wedle tradycyjnego opisu, polskie abstrakcyjne rzeczowniki odprzymiotnikowe (nomina essendi), takie jak np. lekkość czy jasność, są zbudowane z przymiotnikowego tematu i przyrostka -ość. Artykuł rozważa alternatywną analizę, wedle której -o-ść jest przyrostkiem złożonym, a tworzone z nim rzeczowniki odprzymiotnikowe przechodzą przez etap przysłówkowy, czyniąc je formami o strukturze [[[ A ] Adv ] N ]. Możliwość złożoności -o-ść sugeruje fakt, że -o jest przyrostkiem tworzącym przysłówki.

EN

The traditional description of Polish abstract nouns such as lekkość‘ lightness’or jasność ‘brightness’ holds that they are formed with an adjectival root and the nominalizing suffix -ość. The paper considers an alternative analysis where -o-ść is a complex marker and such nominals go through an adverbial stage in their formation, rendering them [[[ A ] Adv ] N ] structures, a possibility suggested by the fact that the -o itself is an adverbial marker.

14

Przymiotniki odrzeczownikowe w powieści Živko Čingo "Големата вода" i jej przekładzie na język polski

63%

Stryszewska M.

Slavica Wratislaviensia

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2020

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tom 171

127-134

EN

The article is devoted to the issue of the derivation of denominative adjectives in Macedonian and Polish on the basis of the novel Големата вода (Golemata voda) by Zivko Chingo and its translation. The aim of the article is to indicate the similarities and differences in this scope with regard to both languages. The studied derivatives have been described in accordance with the model adopted by the authors of Gramatyka współczesnego języka polskiego. Morfologia (Contemporary Polish Grammar. Morphology), in which the starting point is their contextual significance, and therefore the semantic relationship of the derivative with the noun determined by it. 174 derivatives in Macedonian and 167 in Polish have been analysed and described. In accordance with the assumptions in both languages, derivatives together with basic formatives: -ski, -owy, -ny for the Polish language and -ски, -oв, -ен (-ski, -ov-, -en) for the Macedonian language form the majority of semantic relations, and hence can be considered as multifunctional. In both texts the derivatives with these formatives are the most frequent. Adjectives with other suffixes appear less frequently in the text, and the formatives themselves tend to be of semantic specialization.

RU

Данная статья посвящена вопросам, связанным со словообразованием имен прилагательных от имён существительных в македонском и польском языках на материале романа Големата вода Ж. Чинго и её перевода на польский язык. Целью исследования является выявление сходств и различий в анализированной области в обоих языках. Все дериваты были описаны по модели принятой авторами академической грамматики современного польского языка Gramatyka współczesnego języka polskiego. Morfologia (Грамматика современного польского языка. Морфология), в которой отправной точкой является значение данных примеров в зависимости от контекста, т. е. cемантическая связь деривата с описываемым существительным. Анализу были подвержены и описаны 174 примера нa македонском языке и 167 примеров нa польском языке. Согласно предположениям в обоих языках дериваты с основными суффиксами, т. е. -ски, -ов, -ен в македонском и -ski, -owy, -ny в польском создают большинство из анализированных семантических связей и, следовательно, их можно назвать многофункциональными. Они также выступают в обоих текстах чаще других примеров. Имена прилагательные, образованные с помощью других суффиксов, появляются реже и показывают тенденцию к семантической специaлизации.

15

Dotykając powierzchni. Przymiotniki opisujące wrażenia odbierane przez zmysł dotyku

63%

Ładziak E. , Śląski U. , Ewelina Ładziak. Doktorantka w Instytucie Języka Polskiego Uniwersytetu Śląskiego. Zainteresowania naukowe: historia języka polskiego s. , e.ladziak@poczta.fm

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EN

Studies carried out in this article are part of a larger project aimed to explore the vocabulary that describe world by the sense of touch and also continuing studies from another article: “Czy można odczuwać temperaturę za pomocą dotyku? Analiza przymiotników określających wysokość temperatury w języku polskim”, which will soon be published in the fifth volume of „Bogactwo polszczyzny w świetle jej historii”. Adjectives, explored in this article, are being divided into two categories, describing the nature of the surface and its structure. There were selected more than 50 words from “Inny słownik języka polskiego” relating to the sense of touch. Four of them, which were located in the center of the categories, were detailed analyzed, these are adjectives: gładki, szorstki, miękki, twardy. The analysis showed that the meaning of these words is very stable, which is one of the characteristics of vocabulary relating to the sense of touch. All of these words are also characterized by: a reference to human behavior, manner of speaking and its synesthetic transfer impressions received by the sense of touch to hearing.

PL

Badania przeprowadzone do niniejszego artykułu są częścią większego projektu, mającego zbadać słownictwo opisujące poznanie świata przez zmysł dotyku, a jednocześnie kontynuacją tematu poruszonego w tekście: „Czy można odczuwać temperaturę za pomocą dotyku? Analiza przymiotników określających wysokość temperatury w języku polskim”, który zostanie wkrótce opublikowany w piątym tomie „Bogactwa polszczyzny w świetle jej historii”. Przymiotniki, zbadane w niniejszym artykule, zostały podzielone na dwie kategorie, opisujące charakter powierzchni i jej strukturę. Z „Innego słownika języka polskiego” wyłonionych zostało ponad 50 wyrazów odnoszących się do poznania przez zmysł dotyku. Szczegółowej analizie zostały poddane 4 leksemy, które znajdują się w centrum wyłonionych kategorii, są to przymiotniki: gładki, szorstki, miękki, twardy. Analiza wykazała, że znaczenie wspomnianych wyrazów jest bardzo stabilne, co jest jedną z cech charakterystycznych słownictwa odnoszącego się do poznania bezpośredniego przez zmysł dotyku. Wszystkie omówione wyrazy charakteryzują się także: odniesieniem do zachowań człowieka, sposobu jego wysławiania się oraz synestezyjnym przeniesieniem wrażeń odbieranych przez zmysł dotyku na słuch.

16

Sémantické preference intenzifikačních výrazů ve finštině

63%

Vorlíková Z.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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2023

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tom 105

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nr 1

87-104

EN

This paper investigates the phenomenon of intensification from the point of view of semantics. Specifically, such intensifiers, which by their meaning specify the degree of the property, at the same time exhibit other semantic features. In communication, they can express, for example, what kind of feelings a given utterance evokes in the speaker. The analysis of intensifiers and their collocates is performed on Finnish material. Two groups of intensifiers are compared with the finding that the semantic features of the intensifiers themselves affect their collocability; but apparently synonymous intensifiers also have different semantic preferences.

17

Sur la synonymie dans le lexique adjectival – questions de sémantique

63%

Perz M.

Neophilologica

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2023

|

tom 35

1-16

EN

The purpose of the present article is to discuss, through adjectival uses, a number of difficulties that affect the synonymy relation. The article reviews various approaches to synonymy and contain a theoretical and applicative dimension. The notion of the object class (G. Gross, W. Banyś) is used to describe the semantics of adjectives in order to disambiguate them. The linguistic approach taken here to describe synonymous units is that synonymy is relation between words in use. A contextual approach to synonymy can overcome the shortcomings of classical dictionaries of synonyms.

FR

L’objectif de cet article est de discuter, par le biais des emplois adjectivaux, quelques aspects qui alimentent les discussions sur la notion de synonymie. L'étude des faits de synonymie comporte une dimension théorique et une dimension applicative. Dans un premier temps, l'auteure fait quelques considérations sur le concept de la synonymie lui-même afin de rapprocher les diverses facettes de cette notion. Les analyses sont illustrées à partir des emplois adjectivaux- fixe et stable que l'auteure a retenus, d’une part, par leur polysémie significative, et d’autre part en raison de leur synonymie approximative en langue. Pour décrire le contenu sémantique des adjectifs, l'auteure fait recours à l'approche en termes des classes d'objets - les approches linguistiques dont G. Gross et W. Banyś ont donné un aperçu global. Enfin, quelques difficultés qui émergent des analyses effectuées sont discutées.

18

Saving the “Undoomed Man” InBeowulf(572b-573)

63%

Anderson S. S.

Studia Anglica Posnaniensia

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2014

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tom 49

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nr 2

5-31

EN

The maxim Wyrd oft nereð // unfӕgne eorl, / þonne his ellen deah “Fate often spares an undoomed man when his courage avails” (Beowulf 572b-573) has been likened to “Fortune favors the brave,” with little attention to the word unfӕgne, which is often translated “undoomed”. This comparison between proverbs emphasizes personal agency and suggests a contrast between the proverb in 572b-573 and the maxim Gӕð a wyrd swa hio scel “Goes always fate as it must” (Beowulf 455b), which depicts an inexorable wyrd. This paper presents the history of this view and argues that linguistic analysis and further attention to Germanic cognates of (un)fӕge reveal a proverb that harmonizes with 455b. (Un)fӕge and its cognates have meanings related to being brave or cowardly, blessed or accursed, and doomed or undoomed. A similar Old Norse proverb also speaks to the significance of the status of unfӕge men. Furthermore, the prenominal position of unfӕgne is argued to represent a characterizing property of the man. The word unfӕgne is essential to the meaning of this proverb as it indicates not the simple absence of being doomed but the presence of a more complex quality. This interpretive point is significant in that it provides more information about the portrayal of wyrd in Beowulf by clarifying a well-known proverb in the text; it also has implications for future translations of these verses.

19

Nomi e aggettivi qualificativi riguardanti la lepre nella lingua venatoria italiana e polacca

63%

Malczewska B.

Italica Wratislaviensia

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2019

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nr 10.1

133-154

EN

This paper expounds the results of a query conducted in terminological resources related to the hare’s characteristics and features a subsequent comparison of findings. The approach is semantically-oriented and consists of qualitatively and quantitatively processed Polish and Italian data. A single species is at the focus of this lexical study: the hare. To narrow down the size of the data submitted to analysis, nouns and adjectives describing qualitative characteristics of the hare have been given priority; thus, common hare-denoting nouns are given emphasis. Additional areas of interest extend over terms describing its age, sex, as well as its physical and mental features. The corpus comprises lexical units drawn from 19th- and 20th-century dictionaries of hunting lexis. It extends over present-day terms, documented in blogs and web pages frequented by hunters. The present investigation has benefited greatly from oral interviews and surveys carried out amongst Polish and Italian hunters coming from a variety of regions.

IT

Il presente articolo espone sia i risultati ottenuti durante la raccolta dei lessemi relativi alla lepre sia la loro analisi comparativa. L’interesse principale è stato posto sull’analisi semantica dei nomi e degli aggettivi riguardanti le specie di lepre e i singoli animali, le abitudini di vita, il sesso, l’età e i tratti del carattere leprino. Tutti questi lessemi fanno parte del linguaggio speciale venatorio. Considerando la ricchezza lessicale del materiale e la sua varietà interna, il corpus è stato ricavato dai dizionari venatori polacchi e italiani del XIX e XX secolo, nonché dalle fonti più recenti ed informali: forum e blog dedicati alla caccia. I risultati avvalorano l’ipotesi dell’esistenza di una terminologia molto ramificata ed estesa nelle lingue analizzate. Tuttavia, sono state riscontrate alcune differenze nella struttura dei campi lessicali, come pure discrepanze nel numero delle espressioni relative alla lepre in polacco e in italiano.

20

Unfinished “verbization” process: the development of predicative constructions with an adjective of the feminine gender in the 17th and 18th centuries in the light of corpus data

63%

Bronikowska R.

Polonica

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2021

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tom 41

97-110

PL

Artykuł jest poświęcony zmianom średniopolskiej konstrukcji składniowej, w której forma M lp. r.ż. przymiotnika występowała w funkcji predykatywnej. Badania przeprowadzone na danych korpusowych miały na celu prześledzenie procesu, który prowadził do przekształcenia form przymiotników w czasowniki niewłaściwe (werbizacja). Analizą zostało objętych sześć najbardziej popularnych w XVII i XVIII wieku predykatywnych form przymiotnikowych: MOŻNA, NIEMOŻNA, NIEPODOBNA, WIELKA, PEWNA i SŁUSZNA. Podczas gdy pierwsze trzy z nich zmieniły swój gramatyczny status, w wypadku pozostałych proces werbizacji został zahamowany. Rozstrzygający pod tym względem był okres drugiej połowy XVIII i pierwszej połowy XIX wieku.

EN

The article is devoted to the changes in the Middle Polish syntactic construction in which the predicative function was performed by the nominative, singular, feminine form of the adjective. The research carried out on the corpus data was aimed at tracing the process that led to the transformation of those adjectival forms into defective verbs (verbization). The analysis covers six predicative adjectival forms most popular in the 17th and 18th centuries: MOŻNA ‛it is possible’, NIEMOŻNA ‛it is impossible’, NIEPODOBNA ‛it is impossible’, WIELKA ‛it is great’, PEWNA ‛it is certain’ and SŁUSZNA ‛it is right’. The first three of them changed their grammatical status, whereas for the rest the verbization process stopped. The 2nd half of the 18th century and the 1st half of the 19th century were decisive in this respect.