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Evropská tradice britského dějepisectví

100%

Lohmann N.

nr 4

821-833

Based on two recent publications by the Regius Professors of Modern History in Oxford and Cambridge, Robert and Richard Evans, this review article discusses the long-standing professional relationship of British historians with the European Continent. For several reasons, the early made distinction between British and European history persists to this day, and the latter forms the second, albeit smaller and in the history of historiography often neglected, core of the British historiographical tradition. What is more, both Evanses argue that British scholarship on the history of Continental Europe has been remarkably influential, at home as well as abroad. The reasons for this “success story” are manifold and provide us, among others, with an insight into the diversity of the national “history markets”. It becomes obvious that European historians should engage in a debate on the degree of openness of their communities to insights from outside, because: despite all the claims of internationalisation and globalisation, historians do not always practise what they preach – neither in Britain nor on the Continent.

SVATÝ STOLEC V DOBĚ SVĚTOVÝCH VÁLEK 20. STOLETÍ. POKUS O KOMPARACI POSTOJE BENEDIKTA XV. A PIA XII.

86%

Šmíd M.

tom 27

nr 1

257 - 268

The study deals with the comparison of the attitudes of the two highest representatives of the Catholic Church, Popes Benedict XV and Pius XII, at the beginning of the World Wars I and II. It reflects their relationship with the great powers and their representatives, diplomatic, political, peace and charitable activities, changes in the Roman Curia and the personalities of the pontiffs in the contemporary political-religious context of that time. The text represents a controversy with the public opinion that the Holy See remained passive during the world conflicts of the 20th century at the same time showing that the attitudes of the two pontiffs were largely similar. The study is based mainly on published sources and numerous literature, especially of English and Italian provenance.