75 years ago, on 29 August 1944, the Slovak National Council and its military headquarters got out of illegality and declared the Slovak National Uprising – an armed fight against the German Fascist occupying forces and domestic traitors for freedom, democracy and renewal of the Czechoslovak Republic based on the new principles of equality and therefore equal position of the Slovak and Czech nation. The study contains an analysis and evaluation of the decisive documents and events, which had immediate effect on the constitutional aspects of the Slovak National Uprising as well as meaning in terms of political power, military and moral meaning. In addition to the above, the study points out to the origin of the Slovak national statehood, which started forming in the SNU already, continuing within the renewed Czechoslovak Republic, which was supposed to be gradually rebuilt into a federal state following the liberation by the Soviet Army. The study particularly highlights the military and international meaning of the SNU, which consisted in the fact that the Slovak nation, through its armed fight in the Uprising, was tying the Wehrmacht military forces, which the German Fascist were then missing on other European battlefields. Through its Uprising, Slovakia joined the global anti-Fascist coalition of countries as well as the states winning over the Fascist Germany in the World War 2.
Military service of the Slovak Army members in 1939-1945, in particular their active cooperation with the representatives of the German military missions in Slovakia as well as the participation in the battles against USSR along with Germany, continues to belong to the interesting chapters of the Slovak military history. One of the outstanding personalities of the Slovak military history is General Staff Colonel, Alojz Ballay, who held important command and staff functions in 1939-1944. He left his personal trail particular in the Slovak aviation, the members of which participated successfully in several operations on the Soviet-German frontline. In 1942-1943, he held the function of the Chief of Command of the Aerial Weapons and following the departure of General Staff Colonel Š. Jurech to the Eastern frontline, also the substitute Commander of the Aerial Weapons. With effect from 1 January 1944, he was appointed the Commander of Aerial Weapons by the President of the Slovak Republic and remained in this position until the time shortly before declaration of the Slovak National Uprising, when he was appointed the military attaché at the Slovak Embassy in Berlin, as a replacement for the II. Class General A. Malár. His accounts of the work in the command and staff functions in 1939-1944, as well as the historical events he participated in or witnessed, are summed up in his statements from 1946, he submitted on the CS Army request.
Military service of the Slovak Army members in 1939-1945, in particular their active cooperation with the representatives of the German military missions in Slovakia as well as the participation in the battles against USSR along with Germany, continues to belong to the interesting chapters of the Slovak military history. One of the outstanding personalities of the Slovak military history is General Staff Colonel, Alojz Ballay, who held important command and staff functions in 1939-1944. He left his personal trail particular in the Slovak aviation, the members of which participated successfully in several operations on the Soviet-German frontline. In 1942-1943, he held the function of the Chief of Command of the Aerial Weapons and following the departure of General Staff Colonel Š. Jurech to the Eastern frontline, also the substitute Commander of the Aerial Weapons. With effect from 1 January 1944, he was appointed the Commander of Aerial Weapons by the President of the Slovak Republic and remained in this position until the time shortly before declaration of the Slovak National Uprising, when he was appointed the military attaché at the Slovak Embassy in Berlin, as a replacement for the II. Class General A. Malár. His accounts of the work in the command and staff functions in 1939-1944, as well as the historical events he participated in or witnessed, are summed up in his statements from 1946, he submitted on the CS Army request.
The material deals with the organization and composition of the 1st Panzer Division, which in the second half of World War 2 belonged to the best armed SS divisions, with the staff characterized by a high combat morale until the end of the war. Considering its unique position within the Waffen SS, the Division belonged to the strongest Nazi divisions during the war. The author describes the division organization, the planned and chart number of staff, equipment and material in the period before and during the operational deployment in the Ardennes, the last German offensive on the Western frontline in the World War 2. Based on the data obtained through studying relevant documents of the period archived in MA-KA Freiburg, comparing the data presented in the domestic and foreign literature, with the battle photographs and personal observations and knowledge from the field, the author describes the preparation of the troops for the operation in the Ardennes as well as the operational deployment of the groups belonging under the 1st Panzer Division of the SS Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler.
In his original study, on the basis of detailed analysis of the available archival documents of Slovak origin, Slovak period press and published works of Croatian historians and publicists, the Czech historian introduces the reader to the facts documenting the bilateral cooperation of the Slovak and Croatian aviation during the World War 2. The author considered this information in creating the content of his original study. Apart from the historical facts already published, it contains a number of additional, as yet unpresented, information. From this point of view, this is a beneficial paper, successfully eliminating another one of the blank spots of the Slovak military history. The author introduces the reader to many members of the Croatian and Slovak aviation, as yet little known or even completely unknown to the Slovak professional public. In relation to the Slovak aviation, he brought to light the almost forgotten members of the Slovak Aviation Corps: the non-powered flying officer, Jozef Kalnovič; the technical officer, Štefan Pleško; or the main teachers – gliders (non-powered flying instructors) Pavol Poliaček, Štefan Pagáč and Erik Kvasnička.
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