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Content available Polemiky na cestě literárním polem
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The article follows Vladimír Svatoň’s comparative approach to literature in its practical application in three polemical debates: one on the concept of modern poetry at the beginning of the 1960s, one on the publishing of texts on literary theory in the period of “normalization” after the Russian occupation, and one on the conception of Slavic studies in the 1990s. These debates form a part of the delineation of the literary field in the political changes in Czech culture. In these occasional texts, we can clearly see Svatoň uniquely consistent thought in the face of the discontinuities of our history.
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Content available K hlubinným souvislostem In memoriam V. S.
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The article dedicated to the memory of Vladimír Svatoň (1931–2018), an eminent Czech literary scholar, specialist in Comparative and Russian literature, attempts an outline of the main themes and principles of his comparative literary analyses and reflections focusing particularly on the great literary and philosophical currents, on the “lasting shapes” of European aesthetics and poetics, the universal models and situations of artistic creations, its spiritual and cultural contexts. Svatoň’s contributions to the theory and the meaning of genres (novel, tragedy) or the typology of movements (Russian symbolism) are similarly fundamental.
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Vladimír Svatoň became a Russian literary studies scholar and a comparatist, but he approached Russian literary studies not only in the narrow scope of Slavic studies, but in a wider context of the world literature. He rarely, and only later in his life, commented on the conception of Slavic studies and the possibilities of research in Slavic literatures. All of his comments betray a critical attitude toward the traditionally oriented Slavic studies, which have been pervaded by the romantic spirit of the National Revival. In his opinion a hidden prerequisite of Slavic studies is, in fact, a misguided idea that “Slavs form a historical unity, a specific area of culture, and therefore also a specific subject of studies”. Among the leading figures of Czech Slavic literary studies Svatoň respected Karel Krejčí , and some of Frank Wollman’s ideas took his attention. The paper notes also some excerpts from Svatoň’s correspondence, in which the author reflects on the subject of the Slavic studies and on some issues of the comparative studies in Slavic literatures.
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The author analyzes Svatoň’s reflection of literature, paying attention to the dialectic of a potential dual approach to literary facts being so constantly offered in his books and articles. This examination of interpretative options is not performed directly either as the Socratian quest for the only truth, or as the Hegelian transposition of binary opposites into triads, wherein the third member abolishes the original antagonism. The opposites under scrutiny — factual description and context, irony and hermeneutics, work and genre, monologue and dialogue, linearity and cyclicity etc. — are expounded by Svatoň as anthropologically conditioned vantage points.
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