In this article the problem of the Second World War is concretized through the study of government policies of the two German states and the Soviet Union on the issue of repatriation of German prisoners of war. History of existence of the German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union and their repatriation is investigated in the context of international convention determining the status prisoners of war. The author, considering the fate of German prisoners of war in the context of ideological confrontation between Stalinist Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, proposes to regard German prisoners of war as victims of the struggle between two totalitarian states. Historical phenomenon known as "war captivity" refers not only to the history of wars; it also includes the internal policy of the ruling circles of the belligerent states, and defines relations between the authorities, society and the individual.
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