Przedmiotem niniejszych rozważań są kwestie związane z tożsamością europejską, czyli pewnym poczuciem „bycia Europejczykiem”, przynależenia do europejskiego kręgu kulturowego, wyrażanego przez wspólne dziedzictwo kulturowe oparte na greckim i rzymskim antyku, tradycjach chrześcijańskich, a także wartościach związanych z demokracją, wolnością, oraz poszanowaniem praw człowieka. (fragment tekstu)
Omówiono miejsce Unii Europejskiej w systemie stosunków międzynarodowych, jej oddziaływanie na innych uczestników oraz znaczenie w całym systemie. Scharakteryzowano role międzynarodowe UE oraz ich wpływ na tożsamość międzynarodową UE.
EN
EU's participation in the international arena is one of the most rapidly developing disciplines of European studies. A complex approach requires the researcher to adopt an appropriate theoretical apparatus for analyzing the behavior of a subject of international relations. One of the options is using the concept of international roles, a concept developed in the 1970s for the study of the foreign policy of states. Both, Polish and international academia has already made attempts at using it to analyze EU's international activity. This paper draws the reader's attention not so much to all the roles played by the Union, but rather to those that are crucial to the shaping of the organization's international identity. The following combination of roles seems to be the key to grasping the EU's uniqueness: it acts as a pole of attraction transcending the continent, a normative power, and the biggest donor of development aid. (original abstract)
Contemporary Union seems to have problems on multiple surfaces. The financial problems, more and more apparent constitutional crisis that affects the problem of the limits of sovereignty of the Member States and the possibility of its transfer to the EU institutions. The political crisis, however, is linked to social changes in modern western economies, and can be described by the crisis of representative democracy in the EU. It seems that the only solution for the European Union is even closer integration of the countries forming it. The crisis has shown that politics cannot keep up automatically for the economy. It has also shown that without major political changes, going in the direction of greater unification and co-ordination there is no exit from the crisis.
4
Dostęp do pełnego tekstu na zewnętrznej witrynie WWW
Przedstawiono istotę tożsamości narodowej (polskości). Omówione cechy charakterystyczne europejskości i cechy charakterystyczne polskości. Przybliżono problem przewartościowania polskiej tożsamości narodowej po 1989 roku. Opisano pozaeuropejskie cechy polskości a następnie antyintegracyjne cechy polskości.
EN
The European Union's cultural background consists of historical achievements of Europe as the whole and of its countries, in particular big West-European ones (Italy, France, the Netherlands, Germany, Great Britain). Polish identity developed under influence of Europe's cultural output. Poland transformed it, enriched it with genuine contents and on its part contributed to European civilization achievements. In addition, Poland adopted some elements of Eastern culture as well, especially during the period of Polish-Lithuanian union. Polish contribution to the European Union in the future can be influenced by common cultural and civilization values, Christian background, similarity of political systems and experiences of Polish-Lithuanian union. However, Polish society reveals anti-integration attitudes, too, including relics of gentry tradition, romantic idealism, unstable party system, educational weakness, as well as a great deal of prejudice and stereotypes. (original abstract)
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.