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1
Content available High prevalence of household pesticides and their unsafe use in rural South India
100%
Chitra G. A. , Kaur P. , Bhatnagar T. , Manickam P. , Murhekar M. V.
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nr 2
275-282
EN
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of usage, unsafe practices and risk perception regarding household pesticides in a rural community of Tamil Nadu, India. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional survey we used a pre-tested questionnaire and trained interviewers to collect information on household pesticide use for the past 6 months from any adult member of randomly selected households. Results: Out of 143 households, 95% used at least one household pesticide (95% CI: 93.5-99.5) and 94% used at least one household pesticide specifically for mosquito control. The most commonly used pesticides were mosquito coils (75%), mosquito liquid vaporizers (36%), ant-killing powder (24%) and moth/naphthalene balls (18%). The major non-chemical methods of pest control were rat traps (12%) and mosquito bed nets (7.5%). Out of the mosquito coil users, 61% kept the windows and doors closed while the coil was burning. Out of the moth ball users, 88% left them in the place of use till they fully vaporized. Nearly half of the users did not know that household pesticides were harmful to their health and the health of their children. Conclusions: The use of household pesticides was highly prevalent in this rural community. The prevalence of unsafe practices while handling them was also high. We recommend that the users of household pesticides be educated about the health hazards and about safe practices and non-chemical methods of pest control be promoted.
2
Content available Activity pattern and food habits of Grizzled Giant Squirrel (Ratufa macroura) in Srivilliputhur Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, Southern India
84%
Babu Rao G. , Nagarajan R. , Saravanan M. , Baskaran N.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2015
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tom 05
EN
Activity pattern and food habits of Grizzled Giant Squirrel were investigated in Srivilliputhur Grizzled Giant Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary from December 2011 to March 2012. Focal animal sampling method was used to record the activity pattern and food habits. Sampling was done in three different habitats viz., Private land, Reserve forest and Temple land. Feeding was the dominant activity accounting for 35.4% of the activity period. Bimodal feeding pattern was observed in Squirrels, the observations were made from early morning hours to till (0600-1800) late evening hours. The Squirrels feed upon 23 plant species; among them 11 were trees species, 10 climbers and 2 shrubs. Seven types of plant parts were used by Squirrels. Leaf consumption was high (38%) followed by fruit (24%). The high consumption of leaves was due to easy availability of leaves and limited availability of other plant parts. Squirrel‟s invasion into Private Land and Temple Land was observed which can be attributed to abundance and easy availability of food plants, canopy continuity and less predatory pressure.
3
Content available Ethnoveterinary practices in Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu, India
84%
Dhanam S. , Elayaraj B.
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2014
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tom 19
EN
Ayurvedic medicines are considered to be the best systems of treatment in India and this system is spreading now globally. Natural products are also a part of our everyday life. Ethno veterinary medicine is developed by farmers in field and barns rather than and in scientific laboratories. It is less systematic, less formalized and usually transferred by word of mouth rather than writing. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in 10 selected sites of Villupuram district. Twenty six plant species belonging to fourteen families were documented in the present study, to cure different diseases in animals. Interviews and detailed personal discussions were conducted with the traditional healers and local people to identify the plants and their medicinal information for six months. The study revealed that the different parts of these plants were used for treatment of different diseases. Leaves are the mostly used part to prepare medicine.
4
Content available Dynamics of micro algae in relation to water quality parameters of pasupatheswarar temple pond, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu
84%
Elayaraj B. , Selvaraju M.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2015
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tom 46
EN
The current study deals with water quality variations and micro algal community structure in the highly eutrophic pond. Several water quality parameters were evaluated during the period from July 2014 to June 2015 from sampling station sited from Annamalai Nagar viz., Pasupatheswarar temple pond. The water quality parameters like Air and water temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, pH, free carbon-dioxide, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), calcium, magnesium, phosphate and nitrate were analysed. A total 29 species were observed during the study period of which 11 species from the class Cynophyceae, 9 species from the class Chlorophyceae, 6 species from the class Bacillariophyceae and 3 species from the class Euglenophyceae. Maximum species of the class Cyanophyceae were observed during study period. The Microcystis aeruginosa species observed in the pond indicates the signs of eutrophication of pond. The water quality parameters such as temperature, alkalinity, phosphate and nitrates are favourable for the growth of phytoplankton.
5
Content available Studies on some physico-chemical parameters of cyanophycean members and correlation coefficient of eutrophic ponds in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
84%
Elayaraj B. , Selvaraju M.
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tom 11
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nr 2
EN
The present study deals with the statistical analysis of physico-chemical parameters and cyanophycean members of two pond water quality of Chidambaram, Cuddalore district (Tamil Nadu). The qualities of pond water were analyzed for six months. Eleven important parameters were included in statistical analysis. The qualities of pond water have been assessed by calculating mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient. Correlation studies of hydrobiology with physico-chemical parameters revealed that the relationship between phytoplankton density in general and that of the specific groups are highly complex and often controlled by interactions of different factors. In the both pond water the correlation coefficient test revealed that cyanophycean members positively correlated with temperature, pH, CO2, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate, BOD and COD at 1 % and 5 % level significant, where as it is negatively correlated with acidity and dissolved oxygen. In the present study it can be concluded that the cyanophycean members are highly tolerant organisms. They prefer to grow at higher temperatures and in highly alkaline, BOD and COD waters. Hence they can with stand high levels of contaminated waters of Thillai Kali Kovil pond, when compared to Ilamiyakkinar Kovil pond.
6
Content available Distribution and composition of aquatic macrophytes in Santhapettai Lake of Villupuram district in Tamil Nadu
84%
Dhanam S. , Elayaraj B.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2015
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tom 47
EN
Macrophytes are important component of the aquatic ecosystem and broad changes in the abundance of individual species and community composition provide valuable information on how and why an ecosystem might be changing. Santhapettai lake is one of the biggest fresh water lake in Villupuram district, Tamil Nadu. The physico-chemical parameters were analysed for one year (October 2012-September 2013). Quadrates were laid randomly and extending from shoreline towards the lake center. The macrophytes falling in each quadrate were sorted species wise, identified and data were recorded. The plants have been identified from fresh materials with the help of different floras. In this present investigation, a total of 33 species belonging to 23 families and 28 genera were identified under algae, pteridophytes, dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Further, the plants were classified in morphological group as floating (7), submerged (1), submerged anchored (13), floating leaved (1) and emergent anchored (11). The coverage/spread of macrophytes along the shorelines was higher compared to the centre of the lakes where the species composition was found reduced. Assessment of biota, continuous monitoring and conservation lake are the important components to safeguard the biological wealth of lentic and lotic freshwater ecosystem.
7
Content available Determination of ammonia, nitrate and nitrite concentrations in marine water samples with cultured marine ornamental fish water sample analysis
67%
Manikandarajan T. , Ramamoorthy K. , Shanmugasundaram S. , Eswar A. , Kathirvel K. , Sankar G.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
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2015
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tom 42
EN
The present studies were concentration of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity and pH. For seven physicochemical parameters were determined in marine water samples along with marine ornamental fish water sources from CAS in marine biology laboratory conditions at Parangipettai. Water sample have been studied at a marine water sources. The study concentrations of parameters like ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, and pH. And physicochemical parameters have been calculated. The data showed the difference of the investigated parameters in samples as follows; Concentration of water quality parameters like ammonia was maximum level above 1.158 μmol¯1, nitrite was ranging from 0.811 to 0.922 μmol¯1, nitrate was range maximum level above 4.84 μmol¯1, dissolved oxygen content was maximum level above 2.4 mg¯1, temperature was ranging from 32.3 to 100 °C, salinity values ranging from 0 to 36ppt and pH was ranging from 6.5 to 8.0. During the study period of from July 2013 to June 2014 we investigated concentration of seven physicochemical parameters value Marine water samples with cultured fish species in presence of water from CAS in Marine Biology laboratory Annamalai University at Parangipettai.
8
Life history and description of Leidyana subramanii sp.n.[Apicomplexa: Eugregarinida]. A new cephaline gregarine parasite of a grasshopper [Insecta: Orthoptera] in Tamil Nadu, India
67%
Pushkala K. , Muralirangan M.
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tom 37
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nr 4
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